ایجاد قلمروی محیطی مطلوب در پارکهای شهری تبریز برای زنان (پارک ائل گلی، ولیعصر و بانوان شمس)
الموضوعات :
سارا قهری للکلو
1
(دانشجوی دکترای طراحی شهری، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران.)
رسول درسخوان
2
(استادیار گروه شهرسازی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات))
مهسا فرامرزی اصلی
3
(استادیار گروه معماری، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران.)
مرتضی میرغلامی
4
(دانشیار دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه هنر اسلامی تبریز، تبریز، ایران.)
صمد صباغ دهخوارقانی
5
(استادیار گروه علوم اجتماعی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران.)
تاريخ الإرسال : 13 الإثنين , رجب, 1443
تاريخ التأكيد : 09 الثلاثاء , شوال, 1443
تاريخ الإصدار : 04 الخميس , ذو الحجة, 1444
الکلمات المفتاحية:
قلمرو,
فضای شهری,
محیط عمومی,
پارک,
تبریز,
ملخص المقالة :
زمینه و هدف: امروزه زنان مانند مردان در اجتماع حضور دارند. ولی قدرت کافی جهت انتخاب قلمروی مطلوب خود ندارند و به عنوان اقشار آسیب پذیر ارزش و جایگاهشان در فضاهای شهری نادیده گرفته شده و قلمروی محیطی مطلوبی جهت استفاده و لذت از فضاهای شهری ندارند. این تحقیق در پی آن است تا مولفه‌های تاثیرگذار بر ایجاد قلمروی مطلوب زنان را معرفی کند.
روش بررسی: روش تحقیق پدیدارشناسی بوده و دارای رویکرد تبیینی- استنباطی می‌باشد. نوع مطالعه کیفی بوده و مطالعات به دو روش میدانی و کتابخانه‌ای انجام شده است. از مصاحبه نیمه عمیق استفاده شده است. روش نمونه گیری هدفمند بوده و حجم نمونه ثابتی نداریم و نمونه گیری از افراد با دیدگاههای مختلف پس از شروع با حداقل تعداد، تا زمانی ادامه داشت که به اشباع نظری رسیده باشد. بر این اساس مجموع تعداد مصاحبه شوندگان در سه پارک ائل گلی، پارک ولیعصر و پارک بانوان شمس تبریز 18 نفر بوده است.
یافته‌ها: بر اساس بیانات زنان پدیدارهای کلی شناسایی و استخراج شده و ارتباط آنها مشخص شد. در نهایت مهم ترین شاخصها که بیشترین مولفه‌ها را در زیر مجموعه خود پوشش می‌دهند استخراج شد که شامل 9 شاخص کیفیت، تعامل، سرزندگی، امنیت، خلوت، جبرگریزی، ذهن-روان، حس تعلق، حق انتخاب می‌باشد.
بحث و نتیجه گیری: در نتیجه با توجه به یافته‌های تحقیق رفع کمبودهای مورد نیاز زنان در پارکهای شهری از بعد مولفه‌های استخراج شده، کمک شایانی در بهبود وضعیت مطلوبیت قلمرویی محیطی این قشر خاص خواهد داشت.
المصادر:
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Hashemi Tilenoi, M., Mirgholami, M., Rafiyan, M.Measuring women's satisfaction with women's parks (case study: women's parks in Tabriz).Hoyt Shahr, 2013, 18(9): 49-62. (In Persian)
Habibi, L., Nikpour A., Analyzing the attitude of women towards the formation of tourism-leisure spaces for women, case study: Women's Park of Amel city, Tourism Planning and Development, 2016, 6(21), 115-96. (In Persian)
Pourahmad, A;Rokhsari, H;Ranjbari, A;Hajian Hosseinabadi, M., Evaluation of the environmental quality of urban disciplinary spaces (case example: women's parks in Yazd city), Andisheh Geografi Quarterly, 2017, 10(19): 81-102. (In Persian)
Rahimi, L., Sabouri, S., Women's safety in urban public spaces and the investigation of physical factors affecting it (case example: Tabriz El Goli Park), Women's Social Psychological Studies, 2017, 15(4): 39-77. (In Persian)
Bayat, N., Pourgholami Sarvandani, M., Asanlou, A., Talebian Kiyakalaye, F.fear of crime in urban public spaces;Case of study: Women's community of district 12 of Tehran Municipality.Police-social researches of women and family, 2017, 6(1(consecutive 10): 110-129. (In Persian)
Pourmohammadi, M., Raushiti, S., Khadranjad, P.Analysis of the right to the city in urban public spaces with an emphasis on gender justice approach.Case example: Urmia city.Women and Society (Sociology of Women), 2018, 10(4): 195-221. (In Persian)
Basiri, M., Zainali Azim, A., The impact of urban furniture on the quality of the urban environment (a case study of Imam Street in Tabriz from Saat Square to Abersan), Geography (Regional Planning), 2018, 9(3), 229-248. (In Persian)
Azim A. Zinali, Hatami Golzari, Elham, Karmi, Islam, Babazadeh Eskoi, Solmaz, Assessment of environmental sustainability of Tabriz city based on environmental indicators of smart urban growth, Sustainability, Development and Environment, 2021, 2(3): 41- (In Persian)
Goli, A., Ghasemzadeh, B., Fateh Baghali, A., Ramzan Moghadam, Ejari, Y., Factors affecting women's sense of social security in urban public spaces (case study: Eel Goli Park, Tabriz), Women's Strategic Studies, 2014.18(64): 136-97. (In Persian)
Goli, A., Zadoli Khajeh, S., Zadoli, F., Evaluation of Gender Attitude in Designing Urban Spaces (Case Study: Shams Women's Park in Tabriz), Women in Development and Politics, 2013, 11(2): 171-188. (In Persian)
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Mahdizadeh, J., Women, City and Urban Planning, first edition, Tehran: Aghat Publications, 2016. (In Persian)
Ansari, M., Jamshidi, S., Almasifar, Tina, Investigating the sense of territory and territorial behavior in urban parks, a case study: Sa'i Park, Armanshahr, 2010, 4, 33-48. (In Persian)
Fazli, N., Feminization of the city with an emphasis on the spaces of the city of Tehran, 3rd edition, Tehran: Scientific and Cultural Publications, 2018. (In Persian)
Baur JWR, 2018, Urban green spaces, recreation and spiritual experiences. Leisure/Loisir, 42(2): 20529. doi: https: //doi.org/10.1080/14927713.2018.1449131.
Lis A, Pardela Ł, Can W, Katlapa A, Ra˛balski Ł. 2019, Perceived Danger and Landscape Preferences of Walking Paths with Trees and Shrubs by Women. Sustainability, 11(17): 4565. doi: https: //doi.org/10.3390/su11174565.
Zhu J, Lu H, Zheng T, Rong Y, Wang C, Zhang W, et al. 2020 .Vitality of Urban Parks and Its Influencing Factors from the Perspective of Recreational Service Supply, Demand, and Spatial Links. Int J Environ Res Public Health, 17(5): 1615. doi: https: //doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051615.
Balai Kerishnan P, Maruthaveeran S. 2021, Factors contributing to the usage of pocket parks - A review of the evidence. Urban For Urban Greening, 58: 126985. doi: https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2021.126985.
Santos T, Mendes RN, Vasco A. 2016, Recreational activities in urban parks: Spatial interactions among users. J Outdoor Recreat Tour; 15: 1-9. doi: https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.jort.2016.06.001.
Parker J, Zingoni de Baro ME, 2019, Green Infrastructure in the Urban Environment: A Systematic Quantitative Review. Sustainability 11(11): 31-82. doi: https: //doi.org/10.3390/su11113182.
Maniruzzaman KM, Alqahtany A, Abou-Korin A, Al-Shihri FS. 2021. An analysis of residents’ satisfaction with attributes of urban parks in Dammam city, Saudi Arabia. Ain Shams Eng J, 12(3): 3365-3374. doi: https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2020.11.020.
Mahrous AM, Mustafa YM, Abou El-Ela MA, 2018, Physical characteristics and perceived security in urban parks: Investigation in the Egyptian context. Ain Shams Eng J, 9(4): 3055-3066. doi: https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2021.04.016.
Mak Bonnie KL, Jim CY. 2018. Examining fear-evoking factors in urban parks in Hong Kong. Landscape Urban Plann, 171: 42-56. doi: https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2017.11.012.
Zavadskas EK, Bausys R, Mazonaviciute I, 2019, Safety evaluation methodology of urban public parks by multi-criteria decision making. Landsc Urban Plann; 189: 372-81. doi: https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2019.05.014.
Karmi, I, Basiri, M., Zainali Azim, A., Analysis of the design of safe urban spaces for women based on mother and child social interactions (Anna Women's Park in Tabriz), Ayman City, 2020, 11, 65-80.
Mohammadi Birang, M., Azar, A., Analysis of women's sense of security in public spaces with an emphasis on urban parks, case study: Tabriz, Urban Ecology Research, 2020, 11(30), 27-40. (In Persian)
Polko, P& Kimic, K, 2022, Gender as a factor differentiating the perceptions of safety in urban parks, Ain Shams Engineering Journal, 13, 1-12, 101608. https: //doi.org/10.1016/j.asej.2021.09.032. (In Persian).
Lapham, S. C., Cohen, D. A., Han, B., Williamson, S., Evenson, K. R., McKenzie, T. L., Ward, P. 2016. How important is perception of safety to park use? A four-city survey. Urban Studies, 53(12), 2624-2636. https: //doi.org/10.1177/0042098015592822.
Gholamhosseini, R, A Living Room in the City: The Place of Public Space in the Everyday Lives of Middle Eastern Women in Greater Brisbane, Thesis of PhD of Philosophy, University of Queensland, School of Earth & Environmental Sciences, 2017.
Holland, C, Clark, A, Katz, J, Peace, S, 2017, Social interactions in urban public places, Joseph Rowntree Foundation, policypress.org.uk.
UN-Women, 2019, Safe Cities and Safe Public Spaces for Women and Girls Global Flagship Initiative: International Compendium of Practices, Prepared by the Ending Violence against Women Section, in UN Women. Design: Blossom Italy.
Wang, X, Wu, C, 2020, An Observational Study of Park Attributes and Physical Activity in Neighborhood Parks of Shanghai, China, Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 17, 1-16, 2080; doi: 10.3390/ijerph17062080 mdpi.com/journal/ijerph.
Pourahmad, A., Ashrafi, Youssef, Rashidi, T., Changes in the presence of women in urban public spaces explored: El Goli Park and Khagani Park, Tabriz.Women in Development and Politics (Women's Research), 2013, 11(3), 376-351. (In Persian)
Hashemi Tilenoi, M., Mirgholami, M., Rafiyan, M.Measuring women's satisfaction with women's parks (case study: women's parks in Tabriz).Hoyt Shahr, 2013, 18(9): 49-62. (In Persian)
Habibi, L., Nikpour A., Analyzing the attitude of women towards the formation of tourism-leisure spaces for women, case study: Women's Park of Amel city, Tourism Planning and Development, 2016, 6(21), 115-96. (In Persian)
Pourahmad, A;Rokhsari, H;Ranjbari, A;Hajian Hosseinabadi, M., Evaluation of the environmental quality of urban disciplinary spaces (case example: women's parks in Yazd city), Andisheh Geografi Quarterly, 2017, 10(19): 81-102. (In Persian)
Rahimi, L., Sabouri, S., Women's safety in urban public spaces and the investigation of physical factors affecting it (case example: Tabriz El Goli Park), Women's Social Psychological Studies, 2017, 15(4): 39-77. (In Persian)
Bayat, N., Pourgholami Sarvandani, M., Asanlou, A., Talebian Kiyakalaye, F.fear of crime in urban public spaces;Case of study: Women's community of district 12 of Tehran Municipality.Police-social researches of women and family, 2017, 6(1(consecutive 10): 110-129. (In Persian)
Pourmohammadi, M., Raushiti, S., Khadranjad, P.Analysis of the right to the city in urban public spaces with an emphasis on gender justice approach.Case example: Urmia city.Women and Society (Sociology of Women), 2018, 10(4): 195-221. (In Persian)
Basiri, M., Zainali Azim, A., The impact of urban furniture on the quality of the urban environment (a case study of Imam Street in Tabriz from Saat Square to Abersan), Geography (Regional Planning), 2018, 9(3), 229-248. (In Persian)
Azim A. Zinali, Hatami Golzari, Elham, Karmi, Islam, Babazadeh Eskoi, Solmaz, Assessment of environmental sustainability of Tabriz city based on environmental indicators of smart urban growth, Sustainability, Development and Environment, 2021, 2(3): 41- (In Persian)
Goli, A., Ghasemzadeh, B., Fateh Baghali, A., Ramzan Moghadam, Ejari, Y., Factors affecting women's sense of social security in urban public spaces (case study: Eel Goli Park, Tabriz), Women's Strategic Studies, 2014.18(64): 136-97. (In Persian)
Goli, A., Zadoli Khajeh, S., Zadoli, F., Evaluation of Gender Attitude in Designing Urban Spaces (Case Study: Shams Women's Park in Tabriz), Women in Development and Politics, 2013, 11(2): 171-188. (In Persian)
