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رقم المقالة : JSDE-2210-1233 (R1) زيارة : 179 الصفحة: 59 - 74

نوع المخطوط: ابحاث

حقوق محیط زیست از دیدگاه اسلام با روش نهادگرایی گفتمانی

الموضوعات :

ابراهیم یاقوتی 1

1 - دانشیار گروه فقه و مبانی حقوق اسلامی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.*(مسوول مکاتبات)

تاريخ الإرسال : 05 السبت , ربيع الأول, 1444 تاريخ التأكيد : 04 الأربعاء , جمادى الثانية, 1444 تاريخ الإصدار : 28 الخميس , جمادى الأولى, 1444

الکلمات المفتاحية: گفتمان, نهاد, حقوق محیط زیست, نهادگرایی گفتمانی, اسلام,

ملخص المقالة :

گفتمان‌های حقوقی محیط زیست، درباره ارتباط حقوقی انسان، محیط زیست و قدرت‌های موجود اجتماعی بحث و گفتگو می‌کنند. توجه اسلام به تمامی عرصه‌های حیات انسانی به ویژه محیط زیست، می‌تواند زمینه بسط حقوق محیط زیست، به ویژه در واکنش به بحران‌های زیست‌محیطی را فراهم کند. در این پژوهش از رهیافت جدید نهادگرایی گفتمانی برای مطالعه حقوق محیط زیست از دیدگاه اسلام بهره گرفته شده است که در آن نظریه گفتمانی لاکلا و موفه با نهادگرایی تلفیق و بر اساس رابطه دیالکتیک گفتمان‌ها به عنوان ذهنیات سطح کلان با واقعیت‌های عینی جامعه (نهادهای درگیر در محیط زیست) تدوین شده است. در ساختار گفتمان حقوقی اسلام درباره محیط زیست حول نشانه مرکزی رویکرد خدامحوری به محیط زیست نظام معنایی متشکل از دال‌های اصلی رابطه متقابل انسان با محیط زیست، قواعد فقهی حامی محیط زیست، نهادهای فقهی دربرگیرنده ملاحظات محیط زیستی و احکام و سبک زندگی محیط زیستی اسلام شکل گرفته است. این گفتمان در بستر ترتیبات نهادی شامل انفال، مشترکات، حسبه و مالکیت قابلیت تحقق و اجرایی‌شدن دارد. رویکرد نهادگرایی گفتمانی با فراهم‌آوردن زمینه بسط حقوق اسلامی محیط زیست می‌تواند الهام‌بخش تدوین قوانین و نحوه اجرای قوانین زیست‌محیطی باشد. بی‌شک هژمونی گفتمان حقوقی اسلام در باب محیط زیست ثمرات زیادی در حمایت و حفاظت از محیط زیست به همراه خواهد داشت.

المصادر:


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_||_

  1. Shilton D., Kiss A., Judicial Handbook on Environmental Law, Abdollahi M (Translator), Tehran: Khorsand Pub, 2010, 1st pub, p.40. (In Persian)
    2.
  2. Ghavam M., Criminal Protection of Environment, Tehran: Environment Organization, 1996, p.3. (In Persian)
    3.
  3. Fairclough N., Critical Discourse Analysis, A Group of Translators (Persian Translators), Tehran: Center for Media Studies and Researches, 2000, p.3. (In Persian)
    4.
  4.  Taghizadeh Ansari M., Environmental Law in Iran, Tehran: Samt Pub, 2010, p.31-33. (In Persian)
    5.
  5. MirEbrahimi SA., Environment and the Strategy of Islamic Law, The Studies in Planning Human Residences (Geographical Perspectives), 2010, 5(12), 138-152. (In Persian)
    6.
  6. Schiffrin D., Approaches to Discourse. Oxford and Cambridge: Blackwell, 1994, p.24.
    7.
  7. Macdonell D., Theories of Discourse: An Introduction, Nozari HA (Persian Translator), Tehran: Farhang-e Gofteman, 2001, p.69. (In Persian)
    8.
  8. Chilton P., SchäVner CH., Discourse and Politics, Younesi M (Persian Translator), Gofteman Magazine, 1992, 2, 67-68.
    9.
  9. Jorgensen MW., Phillips LJ., Discourse Analysis as Theory and Method, Jalili H (Persian Translator), Tehran: Nashr-e Ney Pub, 2010.
    10.
  10.  Laclau E., Mouffe C., Hegemony and Socials Strategy: Toward a Radical Democratic, London: Vers, 2006.
    11.
  11. Laclau E., Mouffe CH., Hegemony and Socialist Strategy, Rezaei M (Persian Translator), Tehran: Salles Pub, 2014.
    12.
  12. Tajik MR., Discourse, Antidiscourse and Political analysis, Institute of Humanitarian Sciences Development, 2005, p.46. (In Persian)
    13.
  13. Hosseinizadeh SMA., Discourse Theory and Political Analysis, Political Sciences Quarterly, 1383, 28, 30. (In Persian)
    14.
  14. Mohaghegh Damad SM., Jurisprudence Rules. Tehran: Markaz-e Nashr-e Olum-e- Eslami Pub, 2004. (In Persian)
    15.
  15. Hor Ameli M., Vasail al-Shi’ah, Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, 1971.
    16.
  16. Toreihi SH-F., Majma al-Bahrein, Qom: Daftar-e Nashr-e Farhang-e Eslami, 1988, p.129.
    17.
  17. Tahanawi MA., Kashaf Istilahat al-Fonun Va-al-Olum, Beirut: Library of Lebanon Publishers, 1996, Vol.5, p.1177.
    18.
  18. Khooei A., Al-Mohazerat fi al-Osul al-Fiqh, Qom: Institute of Al-Nashr al-Eslami, 2011, Vol.1, p.5. (In Persian)
    19.
  19. Moosavi Bojnoordi SH., Al-Qawaid al-Fiqhiyah, Qom: Nashr-e-al-Hadi Pub, 1998, Vol.1, p.215-216. (In Persian)
    20.
  20. Makarem Shirazi N., Al-Qawaid al-Fiqhiyah, Qom: Ali Ibn Abitaleb School, 1991, Vol.1, p.59. (In Persian)
    21.
  21. Sheikh Ansari M., Faraed al-Osul, Qom: Majma al-Fekr al-Eslami, 1998, Vol.2, p.460. (In Persian)
    22.
  22. Fahimi A., Arabzadeh A. Jurisprudential Basics of Environmental Law, Islamic Law Bulletin, 2012, 13(1), 189-206. (In Persian)
    23.
  23. Rahmani M., Fiqh Maxims (5) Destruction Maxim, Fiqh Ahl al-Bayt Magazine, 1997, 11-12, 240-281. (In Persian)
    24.
  24. Bahrami Ahmadi H., Fiqh Maxims: A Brief Explanation of Seventy-Seven Fiqh-Legal Maxims in Comparison with Laws. Tehran: Imam Sadiq University, 2009, p.210. (In Persian)
    25.
  25. Mollaei A., The Challenges of the Polluter Pays Principle in Iran’s Clean Air Law. Law Studies (Shiraz Social and Human Sciences), 2020, 12(1), 275-306. (In Persian)
    26.
  26. Khomeini SR., Istiftaat, Qom: Entesharat Eslami Pub. (In Persian)
    27.
  27. Ibn Manzoor MIM., Lesan al-Arab. Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, 1995. Peace Article.
    28.
  28. Najafi Javaheri AMH., Javaher al-Kalam fi Sharaei al-Islam, Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Turath al-Arabi, 1983, Vol.22.
    29.
  29. Janati ME., Sources of Ijtihad, Tehran: Keyhan, 1991, p.329. (In Persian)
    30.
  30. Panahi Boroojerdi Z., Expediency Maxim and Justice Maxim and Their Relationship in IRI’s Basic Law, MA Thesis, Qom High Education Institute, 2010, p.153. (In Persian)
    31.
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  36. Mohammdi Rey Shahri M., Mizan al-Hekmat, Sheikhi H (Translator), Qom: Dar al-Hadis, 2010.
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  39. North Douglass C., Economic Performance Through Time, The American Economic Review, 1994, 84(3), 360-361.
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  40. Meshkini A., Istilahat al-Fiqh, Qom: Nashr-e Hadi Pub, 1998, p.93. (In Persian)
    41.
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    42.
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    44.
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    45.
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    46.
  46. Vijeh MR., A Comparative Approach to Ownership in Islamic Jurisprudence and Western Law, Law Researches Journal, 2009, 15, 20-38. (In Persian)
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  47. Bahrami M., Ownership Right Limits in Imamiyeh Jurisprudence and Civil Code, A PhD Thesis, Tehran University, 1966, p.20. (In Persian)
    48.

 

 

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