بررسی نقش آموزش در حفاظت از محیطزیست (مطالعه موردی: پارک شیرین شهرستان کرمانشاه)
الموضوعات :معصومه منصوری 1 , ضیاء‎الدین باده‏ یان 2 , محمد پشاآبادی 3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری جنگلشناسی و اکولوژی جنگل، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان *(مسوول مکاتبات).
2 - استادیار گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان
3 - کارشناسی ارشد رشته جنگلداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه لرستان
الکلمات المفتاحية: روش ارزش&, lrm, گذاری مشروط, پارک شیرین, آموزش, پرسش&, lrm, نامه,
ملخص المقالة :
زمینه و هدف: در پژوهش حاضر، نقش آموزش در افزایش تمایل افراد به حفاظت از پارک شیرین بررسی گردید. روش بررسی: داده های مورد نیاز با استفاده از مجموع 200 پرسشنامه به دست آمد. سه بروشور آموزشی در مورد اکوسیستم پارک شیرین و اهمیت آن در حفظ حیات بشر تهیه گردید. سپس این بروشورها بین 100 نفر از بازدید کنندگان برای مطالعه ارائه شد و به 100 نفر دیگر نیز به عنوان گروه شاهد هیچ بروشور و توضیحی ارائه نشد. سپس به روش ارزشگذاری مشروط و برآورد تابع رگرسیونی لوجیت اطلاعات تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. یافتهها: نتایج نشان داد که میان دو گروه تفکیک شده، تفاوت معنیداری در تمایل به پرداخت جهت حفاظت از محیطزیست پارک شیرین وجود دارد. تابع لوجیت نیز نشان داد که آموزش در گروه دوم اثر معنیداری بر تمایل به پرداخت افراد جهت حفاظت از این اکوسیستم دارد، بهطوری که با افزایش هر بروشور حاوی اطلاعات جدید، احتمال افزایش تمایل به پرداخت 013/0 واحد افزوده میشود. تمایل به پرداخت ماهانه هر فرد جهت حفاظت از این اکوسیستم، در گروه اول و دوم بهترتیب معادل 14453 و 23423 ریال و تمایل پرداخت سالانه هر خا نوار در گروه اول و دوم بهترتیب 55/62870 و 29/122502 ریال برآورد گردید. بحث و نتیجهگیری: با توجه به نتایج این پژوهش، افزایش آگاهی افراد در مورد اهمیت محیط زیستی پارک مورد بررسی، منجر به افزایش قابل توجه تمایل به پرداخت بازدیدکنندگان برای بازدید از پارک، جهت حفاظت از این اکوسیستم خواهد شد.
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- Turpie, J. K. 2003. The Existence Value of Biodiversity in South Africa: How Interest, Experience, Knowledge, Income and Perceived Level of Threat Influence Local Willingness to Pay. Ecological Economics, 46: 199-216.
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- Jin J., Wang, Z and Ran, S. 2006. Comparison of contingent valuation and choice experiment in solid waste management program in Macao; Ecological Economics 57, 430-441.
- Johnson, N. L. and Baltodano, M. E., 2004. The economics of community watershed management: Some evidence from Nicaragua; Ecological Economics 49, 57-71.
- Asheim, G. B. 2000. Green National Accounting: Why and How? Environment and Development, Economics, Vol. (5) 25-48.
- Fleming, C. M. and Cook, A. 2008. The recreational value of Lake McKenzie, Fraser Island: An application of the travel cost method. Tourism Management, 29: 1197-1205.
- Reynisdottir, M., Song, H. and Agrusa, J. 2008. Willingness to pay entrance fees to natural attractions: An Icelandic case study. Tourism Management. 29:1076– 1083.
- Majnounian, H. 1995. Debates about parks, green spaces and outdoor recreations Tehran, Iran: Tehran Parks.
- Amirnejad, H. and Khalilian S., 2007. Estimation of the Golestan National Park's Preservation Value using the willingness to pay individuals, 6th Iranian Agricultural Economics Conference, Mashhad. (In Persian)
- Dashti, G. H. and Sohrabi, F., 2008. Estimated recreational value of Park of prophets of Karaj with Using Contingent Valuation Method, Journal of Natural Resources Faculty, Volume 61, Issue 4, pp. 932-921.
- Imami-Mibodi, A. and Ghazi, M., 2008. Estimation of recreational value of Saii park in Tehran with Using Contingent Valuation Method. Iranian Journal of Economic Research, No. 36, pp. 202-187.
- Khosravi, M. and Sabouhi, M., 2011. Estimation of Protective Value of Fahlian River Margin Trees Using Conditional Valuation Method, Journal of Environmental Science, Vol. 8, No. 4, pp. 25- Venkatachalam, L., 2003. the Contingent Valuation Method, A Review. Environmental Impact Assesssment Review, 24: 89- 124.
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- Amirnejhad, H. and Ataee Solout, K., 2011. Economic valuation of environmental resources, The first, Avaye Masih Press, sari, Iran, 432 p. (In Persian).
- Heal, G. M., Barbier, E. B, Boyle K. J, Covich, A. P., Gloss, S. P., Hershner, C. H, Hoehn, J. P., Pringle, C. M., Polasky, S., Segerso, K., Schrader- Frechette, K., 2005. Valuing Ecosystem Services. Toward Better Environmental Decision- Making. The National Academies Press, Washington, D. C.
- Bateman. J. and Willis, K. G., 1999. Valuing Environmental Preferences Theory and Practice of the Contingent Valuation Method in the US, EU, and Developing Countries. Oxford University Press.
- Hanemann, W. M., 1994. Valuing the environment through contingent valuation. Journal of Economic Perspectives, 8(4): 19-43.
- Dahlberg, A., 1974. Geografisk rorlighet: Sociala och economiska effecter (Geographic mobility: social and economic effect) Department of economic. University of Umea Sweden (in Swedish).
- Bohm, P., 1972. Estimating demand for public goods. An experiment. 3: 111- 30. European Economic Review.
- Spash, C. L., 2005. Economics of the environment and development. (Ed) Pushpam Kumar, Ane Book Publication, New Delhi.
- Costanza, R., Degroot, R., Grass, M., Hannon, B., Limburg, K., Naeem, S., Oneil, R. V and Paruelo, J., 1997. The value of the world ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature. 387: 60- 253.
- Hadker, N., 1997. Willingness-to-pay for Borivil National park: evidence from a contingent valuation. Ecological Economics, 21: 105-122.
- Lee, C. and Han, S. 2002. Estimating the use and preservation values of national parks tourism resource using a contingent valuation method, Tourism Managemen: 23:531-540.
- Amigues, J., Boulatoff, C. and Desaigues, B., 2002. The benefits and costs of riparian analysis habitat preservation: A willingness to accept / willingness to pay contingent valuation approach. Ecological Economics. 43: 17-31.
- Turpie, J. K. 2003. The Existence Value of Biodiversity in South Africa: How Interest, Experience, Knowledge, Income and Perceived Level of Threat Influence Local Willingness to Pay. Ecological Economics, 46: 199-216.
- Chen, W., Hong, H., Liu, Y., Zhang, L., Hou, X. and Raymond, M., 2004. Recreation demand and economic value: An application of travel cost method for Xiamen Island. China Economic Review, 15: 398-406.
- Brouwer, R. 2006. Do stated preference methods stand the test of time? A test of the stability of contingent values and models for health risks when facing an extreme event; Ecological Economics 399-406.
- Jin J., Wang, Z and Ran, S. 2006. Comparison of contingent valuation and choice experiment in solid waste management program in Macao; Ecological Economics 57, 430-441.
- Johnson, N. L. and Baltodano, M. E., 2004. The economics of community watershed management: Some evidence from Nicaragua; Ecological Economics 49, 57-71.
- Asheim, G. B. 2000. Green National Accounting: Why and How? Environment and Development, Economics, Vol. (5) 25-48.
- Fleming, C. M. and Cook, A. 2008. The recreational value of Lake McKenzie, Fraser Island: An application of the travel cost method. Tourism Management, 29: 1197-1205.
- Reynisdottir, M., Song, H. and Agrusa, J. 2008. Willingness to pay entrance fees to natural attractions: An Icelandic case study. Tourism Management. 29:1076– 1083.
- Majnounian, H. 1995. Debates about parks, green spaces and outdoor recreations Tehran, Iran: Tehran Parks.
- Amirnejad, H. and Khalilian S., 2007. Estimation of the Golestan National Park's Preservation Value using the willingness to pay individuals, 6th Iranian Agricultural Economics Conference, Mashhad. (In Persian)
- Dashti, G. H. and Sohrabi, F., 2008. Estimated recreational value of Park of prophets of Karaj with Using Contingent Valuation Method, Journal of Natural Resources Faculty, Volume 61, Issue 4, pp. 932-921.
- Imami-Mibodi, A. and Ghazi, M., 2008. Estimation of recreational value of Saii park in Tehran with Using Contingent Valuation Method. Iranian Journal of Economic Research, No. 36, pp. 202-187.
- Khosravi, M. and Sabouhi, M., 2011. Estimation of Protective Value of Fahlian River Margin Trees Using Conditional Valuation Method, Journal of Environmental Science, Vol. 8, No. 4, pp. 25- Venkatachalam, L., 2003. the Contingent Valuation Method, A Review. Environmental Impact Assesssment Review, 24: 89- 124.