بهینه‌سازی ساختمان مجهز به نمای دو پوسته، ماده تغییر فازدهنده، سقف سبز، و فتوولتاییک و بررسی اثرات محیط زیستی و اقتصادی آن
الموضوعات :
سبحان ایزدپناه
1
,
فریور فاضلپور
2
,
محمد افتخاری یزذی
3
1 - گروه مکانیک، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 - گروه مهندسی سیستم انرژی، واحد تهران جنوب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - گروه مکانیک، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: بهینه سازی مصرف انرژی, سقف سبز, ماده تغییر فازدهنده, نمای دو پوسته, فتوولتاییک.,
ملخص المقالة :
زمینه و هدف: با عنایت به اهمیت و ضرورت کاهش مصرف انرژی در کشور، روش‌های متفاوتی به منظور نیل به این هدف در ساختمان معرفی و مورد بررسی محققان قرار گرفته است، استفاده توامان از پنل‌‌های فتوولتاییک، سقف سبز و مواد تغییر فازدهنده و نمای دو پوسته، منجر به کاهش تقریباً70% مصرف انرژی می‌شود، با توجه به این نکته در این تحقیق هدف بهینه‌سازی حالات استفاده از فناوری‌های بالا با درنظر گرفتن جنبه‌های اقتصادی و محیط زیستی می‌باشد.
روش بررسی: در این تحقیق بهینه‌سازی نوع و نحوه‌ی به‌کارگیری مواد تغییر فازدهنده در دیوار خارجی و بام سبز، با هدف کاهش توامان بار سرمایشی و گرمایشی برای نخستین مرتبه در ساختمان مجهز به فناوری‌های یاد شده انجام پذیرفته، از الگوریتم ژنتیک در سه شرایط آب هوایی گرم و خشک استپی در عرض جغرافیایی میانی،گرم و خشک کویری و آب و هوای معتدل و مرطوب، استفاده شده است. روش انجام این تحقیق، بهینه‌سازی با کمک نرم‌افزار دیزاین بیلدر است که در سال 1402 انجام و نهایی شده است و نتایج از منظر محیط زیستی و اقتصادی بررسی شدند.
یافته‌ها: در نتیجه‌ی این اقدام به ترتیب 9، 9 و 6 پاسخ بهینه برای شهرهای تهران با آب و هوای گرم و خشک استپی ، یزد با آب و هوای کویری و آمل با آب و هوای معتدل و مرطوب حاصل شده که بیشترین میزان صرفه‌جویی انرژی 9/70% برای آب و هوای معتدل مرطوب بوده است.
بحث و نتیجه‌گیری: با در نظر گرفتن آنالیز اقتصادی و اثرات محیط زیستی دو حالت بهینه نسبت به سایر گزینه‌ها ارجحیت داشته که عبارتند از: 1- استفاده از ماده تغییر فازدهنده، RT31 در بین لایه‌های آهک و آجر در دیوار خارجی ساختمان مسکونی واقع در شرایط آب و هوایی گرم و خشک استپی در عرض جغرافیایی میانی 2- استفاده از ماده تغییر فازدهنده، RT26 در بین لایه‌های آهک و آجر در دیوار خارجی ساختمان مسکونی واقع در شرایط آب و هوایی گرم و خشک کویری
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