تاثير جنگل¬کاری بر خصوصيات خاك پارك جنگلي لويزان- باغ پرندگان
الموضوعات :فرحناز رشیدی 1 , عادل جلیلی 2 , مهناز خزایی 3
1 - استاديار پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقيقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقيقات، آموزش و ترويج کشاورزي، تهران، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - استاد پژوهش، مؤسسه تحقيقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقيقات، آموزش و ترويج کشاورزي، تهران، ایران.
3 - فارغ التحصیل کارشناسی ارشد جنگل¬شناسی و اکولوژی جنگل، دانشگاه تهران، ایران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: اسيديته, اقاقيا, درصد نیتروژن, جنگل¬کاري, درصد شن, کاج.,
ملخص المقالة :
زمينه و هدف: با توجه به تاثيري که پوشش گياهي بر روي خصوصيات فيزيکي و شيميايي خاک دارد و اهميتي که اين اکوسيستم در حفظ و پايداري تودههاي گياهي بازي ميکند اين مطالعه با هدف بررسي تاثير جنگلکاري درختان سوزنيبرگ و پهنبرگ بر روي عناصر تشکيل دهنده خاک انجام گرفت.
روش بررسي: منطقه مورد مطالعه قسمتي از پارک جنگلي لويزان انتخاب شد. ده نمونه خاک از هر 84 پلات موجود در عرصه برداشت (840 نمونه) و پارامترهاي بافت خاك (درصد ماسه، سيلت و رس)، درصد ماده آلي، مقدار ازت، پتاس، فسفرو همچنين مقدار درصد آهک، اسيديته و هدايت الکتريکي در دو لایه اول (لایه O) و دوم (30 سانتی متر بعد از لایه اول) جهت مطالعه تاثیر پوشش گیاهی بر خصوصیات خاک مورد بررسي قرار گرفت. دادهها با استفاده از روابط همبستگي و آزمون T مستقل و جفتی آناليز شد.
يافته ها: روابط همبستگي بين خصوصيات فيزيکي و شيميايي در لايه اول و دوم خاک در 5 تیپ غالب منطقه بيانگر ارتباطات معنادار مثبت و منفي زيادي بين اين پارامترها است. نتايج آناليز T مستقل بين دو لايه اول و دوم خاک تیپ اقاقیا (150 نمونه) و کاج (400 نمونه) حاکي از آن است که به غير از درصد آهک، درصد شن و درصد سيلت که تفاوت معناداري از خود نشان ندادهاند، بقيه خصوصيات بين دو افق خاک داراي تفاوت معنادار ميباشند.
بحث و نتيجه گيري: نتايج نشان از تفاوت معنادار بين دو فاکتور اسيديته و درصد شن در افق اوليه بين مناطق با تيپ گياهي کاج و اقاقيا ميباشد.میزان پتاسیم، فسفر و نیتروژن در افق اولیه تیپ سوزنی برگ بیشتر از تیپ گونه پهن برگ و در افق دوم به غیر از پتاسیم نیز این افزایش قابل مشاهده است. ميزان مواد آلي، نيتروژن، پتاسيم، فسفر، رس و PH بين دو افق خاک تفاوت معنادار از خود نشان ميدهند و غير از PH و رس بقيه در افق دوم با کاهش مواجه شدهاند. نتايج اين مطالعه بيانگر آن است که نوع پوشش گياهي بر خصوصيات فيزيکي و شيميايي خاک تاثير دارد و تفاوتهاي معنيدار در لايه اول خاک نسبت به لايه دوم خاک قابل مشاهده است.
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