تحلیل اثر هندسه‌ی پلان و توانمندی معماران سنتی بر گونه‌شناسی فرمِ معماری کبوترخانه‌های اصفهان

الموضوعات :

افروز رحیمی آریایی ¹ , نیما ولی بیگ ²

1 - استادیار گروه معماری، آموزش عالی غیرانتفاعی غیردولتی سپهر دانش معاصر اصفهان، ایران. *(مسوول مکاتبات)
2 - استادیار دانشکده مرمت، دانشگاه هنر اصفهان، کوچه سنگتراش‌ها دانشکده مرمتِ دانشگاه هنر ساختمان داوید.

تاريخ الإرسال : 07 الخميس , ذو الحجة, 1437 تاريخ التأكيد : 07 السبت , جمادى الأولى, 1438 تاريخ الإصدار : 21 الأحد , شوال, 1443

الکلمات المفتاحية: توان‌مندی استادکار سنتی, معماری برج‌کفتر, معماری اصفهان, ویژگی‌های هندسی, گونه‌شناسیِ کبوترخانه,

ملخص المقالة :

زمینه و هدف: کبوترخانه ها از لحاظ معماری، سازه و تزئینات دارای ویژگی های برجسته ای هستند؛ تحلیل هندسه شکلی و گونه شناسیِ آن ها، نه تنها نقش به سزایی در شناختِ معماری سنتی ایرانی دارد، بلکه می تواند از فراموشیِ این بناهای همسان و تابع محیط طبیعی نیز جلوگیری کند. به اعتقاد نگارندگان بین خلاقیت معماران سنتی، تناسبات، فرم و اندازه ی پلان، با انواع کبوترخانه های محدوه اصفهان، رابطه مستقیم وجود دارد. لذا هدف، تحلیلِ نقش هندسه در فرم نهایی کبوترخانه های اصفهان است. کبوترخانه ها برای نخستین بار به صورت توصیفی مورد توجه سیاحان قرار گرفتند و برخی علاوه بر بررسی جنبه های شکلی، کالبد و سازه ی آن ها را دسته بندی کرده اند. این پژوهش گونه شناسیِ جامعی از کبوترخانه ها با دیدگاه هندسی ارایه خواهد کرد. روش بررسی: روش تحقیق توصیفی، مقایسه ای و تحلیلی، است. اطلاعات از طریق منابع کتابخانه ای و میدانی، به دست آمده است. یافته ها: مشخص گردید که بین ارتفاع با تعداد طبقات، قطر کبوترخانه، استوانه های میانی و ضخامت دیواره ی آن، ارتباط معناداری وجوددارد. شکل ها، هندسه کالبد و ابعاد گوناگون پلان از یکسو و خلاقیت معماران از سوی دیگر، احجام گوناگونی را در ساختار کبوترخانه های شهر اصفهان پدید آورده اند. بحث و نتیجه گیری: براساس یافته ها به لحاظ هندسه ی پلان، دوازده گونه(رایج ترین مدور ساده)، از نظر حجم چهارگونه ی اصلی، و برپایه ی تعداد طبقات سه گونه شناسایی شد. همچنین به طور معمول نسبت ارتفاع به دهانه حدود دوبرابر است.

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