• الصفحة الرئيسية
  • مقایسه پرتوهای گاما و اشعه ماورای بنفش در کنترل رشد مجدد میکروارگانیسم ها در پساب فاضلاب شهری

شارک

عنوان URL للمقالة


رقم المقالة : JEST-1804-4263 (R2) زيارة : 236 الصفحة: 287 - 300

10.22034/jest.2021.35819.4263

نوع المخطوط: ابحاث

مقایسه پرتوهای گاما و اشعه ماورای بنفش در کنترل رشد مجدد میکروارگانیسم ها در پساب فاضلاب شهری

الموضوعات :

امیر حسین مداح 1 , مارال خدادادی 2 , ساناز خرمی پور 3

1 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی منابع طبیعی، آلودگی‌های محیط زیست، گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران.
2 - استادیار پژوهشکده کشاورزی هسته‌ای، پژوهشگاه علوم و فنون هسته‌ای، کرج، ایران.
3 - استادیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران غرب، تهران، ایران.

تاريخ الإرسال : 13 الأحد , شعبان, 1439 تاريخ التأكيد : 05 الأربعاء , ذو القعدة, 1439 تاريخ الإصدار : 05 الثلاثاء , صفر, 1442

الکلمات المفتاحية: ﭘﺴﺎب شهری, پرتوهای یونیزان, گندزدایی, رشد مجدد میکروبی, پرتوهای غیر یونیزان,

ملخص المقالة :

زمینه و هدف: استفاده از پساب فاضلاب به منظور کشاورزی به دلیل کمبود شدید منابع آب در ایران، اجتناب ناپذیر شده است. گندزدایی یکی از مراحل مهم در تصفیه آب است. هر چند فن آوری های گندزدایی رایج مانند کلرزنی می توانند به طور موثری عوامل بیماریزای میکروبی را کنترل کنند، لیکن محصولات ناخواسته گندزدایی را ایجاد می کنند که سمی و سرطان زا هستند. هدف مطالعه حاضر مقایسه کارایی گندزدایی و کنترل رشد مجدد آلودگی زیستی ﭘﺴﺎب ﻓﺎﺿﻼب شهری با استفاده از تیمار‌های ﭘﺮﺗﻮ گاما و اشعه ماوراءبنفش می باشد. روش بررسی: نمونه پساب ثانویه‌ (قبل از واحد کلرزنی) از تصفیه‌خانه تهران جنوب جمع‌آوری شد. از دزهای پرتو گاما 5/0، 1، 2، 4 و 6 کیلوگری استفاده شد. سیستم‌ گندزدایی اشعه ماورای بنفش با حجم راکتور 1 لیتر ساخته شد. کارایی گندزدایی بر اساس تعیین ‌شمارش کل کلنی و کلیفرم کل ارزیابی شد. جهت ارزیابی رشد مجدد میکروبی نمونه‌ها در دمای 22درجه سانتی گراد و 100 دور در دقیقه در محل تاریک به مدت سه روز انکوبه شدند. یافته ها: تعداد کلیفرم کل در شروع آزمایش در همه دزهای پرتو گاما صفر بود. لیکن در دزهای کمتر از 2 کیلوگری رشد مجدد کلیفرم کل مشاهده شد. در تیمار اشعه ماورای بنفش شدت جریان ورودی، در زمان شروع آزمایش در شدت جریان کم بیشترین کارایی گندزدایی وجود داشت. لیکن با گذشت سه روز در همه شدت جریان ها جمعیت کلیفرم کل از حد مجاز بیشتر بود. بحث و نتیجه گیری: پرتوتابی گاما می‌تواند به عنوان یک تکنیک موثر نسبت به روش‌ ماورای بنفش جهت گندزدایی بدون رشد مجدد میکروبی به کار رود.

المصادر:


  1. Shayegan, J., Afshari A., 2004. The Treatment Situation of Municipal and Industrial Wastewater in Iran. Journal of Water and Wastewater, Vol. 15, pp. 58-69. (In Persian)
    2.
  2. Farooq, S., Kurucz, C.N., Waite, T.D.  Cooper, W.J. 1993. Disinfection of wastewaters: high-energy electron vs gamma irradiation. Water Research, Vol. 27, pp. 1177-1184.
    3.
  3. Rathod, P.H., Patel, J. C., Shah, M. R., Jhala, A. J., 2009. Recycling gamma irradiated sewage sludge as fertilizer: A case study using onion (Alium cepa). applied soil ecology, Vol. 41, pp. 223-233.
    4.
  4. Tahri, L., Elgarrouj, D., Zantar, S., Mouhib, M., Azmani, A., Sayah, F., 2010.Wastewater treatment using gamma irradiation: Tétouan pilot station, Morocco. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 79, pp. 424-428.
    5.
  5. Chmielewski, A., 2007. Practical applications of radiation chemistry. Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry, Vol. 81, pp. 1488-1492.
    6.
  6. El-Motaium, R., 2006. Application of nuclear techniques in environmental studies and pollution control. Proceedings of the 2nd Environmental Physics Conference, Alexandria, Egypt, pp. 169-182.
    7.
  7. Lee, O.M., Kim, H.Y., Park, W., Kim, T.H. and Yu, S. 2015. A comparative study of disinfection efficiency and regrowth control of microorganism in secondary wastewater effluent using UV, ozone, and ionizing irradiation process. Journal of hazardous materials, Vol. 295, pp. 201-208.
    8.
  8. Rawat, K., Sharma, A.,Rao, S. 1998. Microbiological and physicochemical analysis of radiation disinfected municipal sewage. Water Research, Vol. 32, pp. 737-740.
    9.
  9. Basfar, A. and Rehim, F.A. 2002. Disinfection of wastewater from a Riyadh Wastewater Treatment Plant with ionizing radiation. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 65(4), pp. 527-532.
    10.
  10. Shaeri, A.M., Rahmati, A. Rules, regulations, standards and standards of the human environment, sewage outlet standard. First Edition. Hak Publications. 2012. P. 275. (In Persian)
    11.
  11. Parvin, F., Ferdaus, Z., Tareq, S. M., Choudhury, T. R., Islam, J. M., Khan, M. A., 2015. Effect of gamma-irradiated textile effluent on plant growth, International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture, Vol. 4, pp. 23-30.
    12.
  12. Duarte, C.L., Sampa, M.H.O., Rela, P.R., Oikawa, H., Cherbakian, E.H., Sena, H.C., Abe, H., Sciani, V., 2000. Application of electron beam irradiation combined to conventional treatment to treat industrial effluents. Radiataion Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 57, pp.513–518.
    13.
  13. Tchobanoglous, G., Schroeder, E.D., 1985. Water quality: characteristics, modeling and modification. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Canada.
    14.
  14. Basfar, A., Rehim, F. A., 2002. Disinfection of wastewater from a Riyadh Wastewater Treatment Plant with ionizing radiation. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 65, pp. 527-532.
    15.
  15. Anbar, M., Neta, P., 1967. Radiation chemical destruction of phenol in oxygenated aqueous solutions. Intnational Journal of Applied Radiation Isototope, Vol. 18, pp.493.
    16.
  16. Buxton, G.V., Greenstock, C.L., Helman, W,P., Ross, A.B., 1988. Critical review of rate constants for reactions of hydrated electrons, hydrogen atoms and hydroxyl radicals in aqueous solution. Journal of Physics and Chemistry Reference Data , Vol. 17(2), pp.513–886
    17.
  17. Chu, L., Wang, J., Wang, B., 2011. Effect of gamma irradiation on activities and physicochemical characteristics of sewage sludge. Biochemical engineering journal, Vol. 54, pp. 34-39.
    18.
  18. World Health Organization (WHO), 1989. Health guidelines for the use of wastewater in agriculture and aquaculture. WHO technical report series, p. 778.
    19.
  19. FAO, 1992. Wastewater treatment and use in agriculture.M.B. Pescod. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 47, FAO, Rome.
    20.
  20. USEPA, 2012. Guidelines for water reuse, EPA/600/R-12/618. Information in: https://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_record_report.cfm?dirEntryId=253411.
    21.
  21. Madureira, J., Pimenta, A. I., Popescu, L., Besleaga, A., Dias, M. I., Santos, P. M., Melo, R., Ferreira, I. C., Verde, S. C., Margaça, F. M., 2017. Effects of gamma radiation on cork wastewater: Antioxidant activity and toxicity. Chemosphere. Vol. 169, pp. 139-145.
    22.
  22. Rathod, P. H., Patel, J. C., Jhala, A.J., 2011. Potential of gamma irradiated sewage sludge as fertilizer in radish: evaluating heavy-metal accumulation in sandy loam soil.Communications in soil science and plant analysis,Vol.42, pp. 263-282.
    23.
  23. Javier, M., Prit, S., 2012. Global database on municipal wastewater production, collection, treatment, discharge and direct use in agriculture. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Information in: http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/main/index.stm.
    24.
  24. Lindenauer, K.G., Darby, J.L., 1994. Ultraviolet Disinfection of Wastewater: Effect of Dose on Subsequent Photoreactivation. Water Rescores, Vol. 28(4), pp.805-812.
    25.
  25. Gibson, J., Drake, J., Karney, B., 2017. UV Disinfection of Wastewater and Combined Sewer Overflows. In Ultraviolet Light in Human Health, Diseases and Environment, pp. 267-275.
    26.
  26. Drescher, A., 1999. Reactivation of UV-Disabled Microbes. World Health International Internal Publication, Irvine, CA.
    27.
  27. Basu, S., Page, J., Wei, I., 2007. UV disinfection of treated wastewater effluent: influence of color, reactivation and regrowth of coliform bacteria. Environmental Engineer: Applied Research and Practice, Vol. 4, pp. 1-8.
    28.
  28. Gong, W.-L., 2002. Long-term Effects of Disinfection on Wastewater Effluents. Ph.D. Dissertation, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.
    29.
  29. Abou-Elela, S.I., El-Sayed, M.M.H., El-Gendy, A.S.,Abou-Taleb, E.M., 2012. Comparative study of disinfection of secondary treated wastewater using chlorine, UV and ozone. Journal of Applied Sciences Research, Vol. 8(10), pp.5190-5197.
    30.
  30. Chahal, C., van den Akker, B., Young, F., Franco, C., Blackbeard, J., Monis, P., 2016. Pathogen and Particle Associations in Wastewater: Significance and Implications for Treatment and Disinfection Processes. In Advances in applied microbiology, Vol. 97, pp. 63-119.
    31.
  31. Amin, M.M., Hashemi, H., Bina, B., Attar, H.M., Farrokhzadeh, H. and Ghasemian, M., 2010. Pilot-scale studies of combined clarification, filtration, and ultraviolet radiation systems for disinfection of secondary municipal wastewater effluent. Desalination, Vol. 260(1-3), pp.70-78.
    32.
  32. Rudd, T., Hopkinson, L., 1989. Comparison of disinfection techniques for sewage and sewage effluents. Water and Environment Journal, Vol. 3, pp. 612-618.
    33.
  33. Verde, S. C., Silva, T., Matos, P., 2016. Effects of gamma radiation on wastewater microbiota, Radiation and environmental biophysics, Vol. 55, pp. 125-131.
    34.
  34. Gautam, S., Shah, M.R., Sabharwal, S. and Sharma, A., 2005. Gamma irradiation of municipal sludge for safe disposal and agricultural use. Water environment research, Vol. 77(5), pp.472-479.
    35.
  35. Han, B., Kim, J. K., Kim, Y., Choi, J. S., Jeong, K. Y., 2012. Operation of industrial-scale electron beam wastewater treatment plant. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 81, pp. 1475-1478.
    36.  

2.      Kahforooshan, D., Adeli S., 2014. Effects of untreated industrial wastewater on Rapeseed irrigation. Journal of Water recycling, Vol. 1, pp. 37-45. (In Persian)
 
3.      Parsafar, N., Marofi S., Rahimi Gh., Marofi, H., 2015. Assessment of Pollution Index (PI) of Cd, Zn, Cu and Pb in the Soil Irrigated with Municipal Wastewater. Journal of Water and Soil Science, Vol. 25, pp. 1-12 (In Persian). 

4.      Abedi-Koupai, J., Javahery Tehrani, M., Behfarnia, K., 2015. Improvement the Quality of Wastewater using Porous Concrete for Irrigation. Journal of Soil and Water Sciences, Vol. 19, pp. 93-107. (In Persian) 

6.      Chu, L., Wang, J., Wang, B., 2010. Effects of aeration on gamma irradiation of sewage sludge. Radiation Physics and Chemistry. Vol. 79, pp. 912-914.
 
12.   Ramezani Ggara, A., Ezati Ghadi, F., 2015. Investigating the effect of gamma rays on the disinfection of urban wastewater from Sari for agricultural use, The first national conference on the role of minerals and vitamins in nutrition and human health, livestock, poultry and aquatic animals, Jiroft University of Medical Science. (In Persian)
 
13.   Tahri, L., Elgarrouj, D., Zantar, S., Mouhib, M., Azmani, A., Sayah, F. 2010. Wastewater treatment using gamma irradiation: Tétouan pilot station, Morocco. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 79, pp. 424-428.
 
17.   APHA, 1998. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 20th Edition. American Public Health Association. American Water Works Association and Water Environmental Federation. Washington DC.

 

 

 

_||_

  1. Shayegan, J., Afshari A., 2004. The Treatment Situation of Municipal and Industrial Wastewater in Iran. Journal of Water and Wastewater, Vol. 15, pp. 58-69. (In Persian)
    2.
  2. Farooq, S., Kurucz, C.N., Waite, T.D.  Cooper, W.J. 1993. Disinfection of wastewaters: high-energy electron vs gamma irradiation. Water Research, Vol. 27, pp. 1177-1184.
    3.
  3. Rathod, P.H., Patel, J. C., Shah, M. R., Jhala, A. J., 2009. Recycling gamma irradiated sewage sludge as fertilizer: A case study using onion (Alium cepa). applied soil ecology, Vol. 41, pp. 223-233.
    4.
  4. Tahri, L., Elgarrouj, D., Zantar, S., Mouhib, M., Azmani, A., Sayah, F., 2010.Wastewater treatment using gamma irradiation: Tétouan pilot station, Morocco. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 79, pp. 424-428.
    5.
  5. Chmielewski, A., 2007. Practical applications of radiation chemistry. Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Focus on Chemistry, Vol. 81, pp. 1488-1492.
    6.
  6. El-Motaium, R., 2006. Application of nuclear techniques in environmental studies and pollution control. Proceedings of the 2nd Environmental Physics Conference, Alexandria, Egypt, pp. 169-182.
    7.
  7. Lee, O.M., Kim, H.Y., Park, W., Kim, T.H. and Yu, S. 2015. A comparative study of disinfection efficiency and regrowth control of microorganism in secondary wastewater effluent using UV, ozone, and ionizing irradiation process. Journal of hazardous materials, Vol. 295, pp. 201-208.
    8.
  8. Rawat, K., Sharma, A.,Rao, S. 1998. Microbiological and physicochemical analysis of radiation disinfected municipal sewage. Water Research, Vol. 32, pp. 737-740.
    9.
  9. Basfar, A. and Rehim, F.A. 2002. Disinfection of wastewater from a Riyadh Wastewater Treatment Plant with ionizing radiation. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 65(4), pp. 527-532.
    10.
  10. Shaeri, A.M., Rahmati, A. Rules, regulations, standards and standards of the human environment, sewage outlet standard. First Edition. Hak Publications. 2012. P. 275. (In Persian)
    11.
  11. Parvin, F., Ferdaus, Z., Tareq, S. M., Choudhury, T. R., Islam, J. M., Khan, M. A., 2015. Effect of gamma-irradiated textile effluent on plant growth, International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture, Vol. 4, pp. 23-30.
    12.
  12. Duarte, C.L., Sampa, M.H.O., Rela, P.R., Oikawa, H., Cherbakian, E.H., Sena, H.C., Abe, H., Sciani, V., 2000. Application of electron beam irradiation combined to conventional treatment to treat industrial effluents. Radiataion Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 57, pp.513–518.
    13.
  13. Tchobanoglous, G., Schroeder, E.D., 1985. Water quality: characteristics, modeling and modification. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Canada.
    14.
  14. Basfar, A., Rehim, F. A., 2002. Disinfection of wastewater from a Riyadh Wastewater Treatment Plant with ionizing radiation. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 65, pp. 527-532.
    15.
  15. Anbar, M., Neta, P., 1967. Radiation chemical destruction of phenol in oxygenated aqueous solutions. Intnational Journal of Applied Radiation Isototope, Vol. 18, pp.493.
    16.
  16. Buxton, G.V., Greenstock, C.L., Helman, W,P., Ross, A.B., 1988. Critical review of rate constants for reactions of hydrated electrons, hydrogen atoms and hydroxyl radicals in aqueous solution. Journal of Physics and Chemistry Reference Data , Vol. 17(2), pp.513–886
    17.
  17. Chu, L., Wang, J., Wang, B., 2011. Effect of gamma irradiation on activities and physicochemical characteristics of sewage sludge. Biochemical engineering journal, Vol. 54, pp. 34-39.
    18.
  18. World Health Organization (WHO), 1989. Health guidelines for the use of wastewater in agriculture and aquaculture. WHO technical report series, p. 778.
    19.
  19. FAO, 1992. Wastewater treatment and use in agriculture.M.B. Pescod. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 47, FAO, Rome.
    20.
  20. USEPA, 2012. Guidelines for water reuse, EPA/600/R-12/618. Information in: https://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_record_report.cfm?dirEntryId=253411.
    21.
  21. Madureira, J., Pimenta, A. I., Popescu, L., Besleaga, A., Dias, M. I., Santos, P. M., Melo, R., Ferreira, I. C., Verde, S. C., Margaça, F. M., 2017. Effects of gamma radiation on cork wastewater: Antioxidant activity and toxicity. Chemosphere. Vol. 169, pp. 139-145.
    22.
  22. Rathod, P. H., Patel, J. C., Jhala, A.J., 2011. Potential of gamma irradiated sewage sludge as fertilizer in radish: evaluating heavy-metal accumulation in sandy loam soil.Communications in soil science and plant analysis,Vol.42, pp. 263-282.
    23.
  23. Javier, M., Prit, S., 2012. Global database on municipal wastewater production, collection, treatment, discharge and direct use in agriculture. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Information in: http://www.fao.org/nr/water/aquastat/main/index.stm.
    24.
  24. Lindenauer, K.G., Darby, J.L., 1994. Ultraviolet Disinfection of Wastewater: Effect of Dose on Subsequent Photoreactivation. Water Rescores, Vol. 28(4), pp.805-812.
    25.
  25. Gibson, J., Drake, J., Karney, B., 2017. UV Disinfection of Wastewater and Combined Sewer Overflows. In Ultraviolet Light in Human Health, Diseases and Environment, pp. 267-275.
    26.
  26. Drescher, A., 1999. Reactivation of UV-Disabled Microbes. World Health International Internal Publication, Irvine, CA.
    27.
  27. Basu, S., Page, J., Wei, I., 2007. UV disinfection of treated wastewater effluent: influence of color, reactivation and regrowth of coliform bacteria. Environmental Engineer: Applied Research and Practice, Vol. 4, pp. 1-8.
    28.
  28. Gong, W.-L., 2002. Long-term Effects of Disinfection on Wastewater Effluents. Ph.D. Dissertation, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.
    29.
  29. Abou-Elela, S.I., El-Sayed, M.M.H., El-Gendy, A.S.,Abou-Taleb, E.M., 2012. Comparative study of disinfection of secondary treated wastewater using chlorine, UV and ozone. Journal of Applied Sciences Research, Vol. 8(10), pp.5190-5197.
    30.
  30. Chahal, C., van den Akker, B., Young, F., Franco, C., Blackbeard, J., Monis, P., 2016. Pathogen and Particle Associations in Wastewater: Significance and Implications for Treatment and Disinfection Processes. In Advances in applied microbiology, Vol. 97, pp. 63-119.
    31.
  31. Amin, M.M., Hashemi, H., Bina, B., Attar, H.M., Farrokhzadeh, H. and Ghasemian, M., 2010. Pilot-scale studies of combined clarification, filtration, and ultraviolet radiation systems for disinfection of secondary municipal wastewater effluent. Desalination, Vol. 260(1-3), pp.70-78.
    32.
  32. Rudd, T., Hopkinson, L., 1989. Comparison of disinfection techniques for sewage and sewage effluents. Water and Environment Journal, Vol. 3, pp. 612-618.
    33.
  33. Verde, S. C., Silva, T., Matos, P., 2016. Effects of gamma radiation on wastewater microbiota, Radiation and environmental biophysics, Vol. 55, pp. 125-131.
    34.
  34. Gautam, S., Shah, M.R., Sabharwal, S. and Sharma, A., 2005. Gamma irradiation of municipal sludge for safe disposal and agricultural use. Water environment research, Vol. 77(5), pp.472-479.
    35.
  35. Han, B., Kim, J. K., Kim, Y., Choi, J. S., Jeong, K. Y., 2012. Operation of industrial-scale electron beam wastewater treatment plant. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 81, pp. 1475-1478.
    36.  

2.      Kahforooshan, D., Adeli S., 2014. Effects of untreated industrial wastewater on Rapeseed irrigation. Journal of Water recycling, Vol. 1, pp. 37-45. (In Persian)
 
3.      Parsafar, N., Marofi S., Rahimi Gh., Marofi, H., 2015. Assessment of Pollution Index (PI) of Cd, Zn, Cu and Pb in the Soil Irrigated with Municipal Wastewater. Journal of Water and Soil Science, Vol. 25, pp. 1-12 (In Persian). 

4.      Abedi-Koupai, J., Javahery Tehrani, M., Behfarnia, K., 2015. Improvement the Quality of Wastewater using Porous Concrete for Irrigation. Journal of Soil and Water Sciences, Vol. 19, pp. 93-107. (In Persian) 

6.      Chu, L., Wang, J., Wang, B., 2010. Effects of aeration on gamma irradiation of sewage sludge. Radiation Physics and Chemistry. Vol. 79, pp. 912-914.
 
12.   Ramezani Ggara, A., Ezati Ghadi, F., 2015. Investigating the effect of gamma rays on the disinfection of urban wastewater from Sari for agricultural use, The first national conference on the role of minerals and vitamins in nutrition and human health, livestock, poultry and aquatic animals, Jiroft University of Medical Science. (In Persian)
 
13.   Tahri, L., Elgarrouj, D., Zantar, S., Mouhib, M., Azmani, A., Sayah, F. 2010. Wastewater treatment using gamma irradiation: Tétouan pilot station, Morocco. Radiation Physics and Chemistry, Vol. 79, pp. 424-428.
 
17.   APHA, 1998. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater. 20th Edition. American Public Health Association. American Water Works Association and Water Environmental Federation. Washington DC.

 

 

 

سند

Sanad is a platform for managing Azad University publications

الروابط

المراكز ذات الصلة

دعامة

الصفحات الرسمية

حقوق هذا الموقع الإلكتروني مملوكة لنظام SANAD Press Management. © 1442-1446

الصفحة الرئيسية| دخول| معلومات عنا| اتصل بنا|
[English] [فارسی] [en] [fa]