تحلیل نقاط تغییر در سری زمانی دبی برخی ایستگاههای هیدرومتری استان گلستان
الموضوعات :ابراهیم عسگری 1 , رئوف مصطفیزاده 2 , خدیجه حاجی 3
1 - دانشجوی کارشناسیارشد مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
2 - استادیارگروه آموزشی منابع طبیعی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی،دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی *(مسوول مکاتبات)
3 - دانشجوی کارشناسیارشد مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی
الکلمات المفتاحية: بوت استرپ, دبی جریان, گرگانرود, تحلیل نقاط تغییر, سری زمانی,
ملخص المقالة :
زمینه و هدف: تحلیل نقاط تغییر (Change Point Analysis) تکنیکی برای تعیین محل بالقوه تغییر در یک سری زمانی از دادهها است. بنابراین، این پژوهش با هدف تعیین و تحلیل نقاط تغییر در دادههای مربوط به دبی سالانه 20 ایستگاه هیدرومتری حوزه آبخیز گرگانرود در طول دوره آماری 34 ساله صورت گرفت. روش بررسی: سپس تعداد و زمان نقاط تغییر در دادههای میانگین دبی تعیین، و میزان و نوع تغییر نیز از آن استخراج گردید، و نتایج این تحلیلها با دادههای میانگین دما و بارش کل ایستگاهها مقایسه شد. براساس نتایج بدست آمده، مشخص گردید که بین تغییرات دبی (نقاط تغییر در دبی) با بارندگی ارتباط مستقیم معنیداری (p<0.001) وجود دارد، در حالیکه ارتباط میان دما و دبی جریان از نوع معکوس بوده ولی از نظر آماری معنیدار نمیباشد. یافتهها: نتایج حاصل از تحلیل نقاط تغییر در دبی نشان داد که نقاط تغییر در دادههای مورد استفاده در این مطالعه بیشتر از نوع کاهشی و در مواردی نیز افزایشی و در برخی از ایستگاهها اصلاً نقاط تغییری شناسایی نشده است. بنابراین تعداد تغییرات کاهشی در ایستگاههای هیدرومتری مورد مطالعه، بهطور معنیدار بیشتر از تغییرات افزایشی بوده، و بیشتر در بازه زمانی سالهای 1373، 1374 و 1377 بهترتیب در 4، 5 و 3 ایستگاه نیزقابل مشاهده است. در صورتی که بیشترین تغییرات افزایشی در بین ایستگاهها مربوط به ایستگاه لزوره در سالهای 1359 و 1390 بهترتیب برابر با مقادیر دبی 01/3 و90/0 مترمکعب بر ثانیه میباشد. بحث و نتیجهگیری: بنابراین، میتوان گفت که روش تحلیل نقاط تغییر امکان تعیین تغییرات دبی جریان و نیز مقدار تغییرات را فراهم نموده است، و اطلاع از روند تغییرات کاهشی یا افزایشی بارندگی و دبی در حوزههای آبخیز نقش مهمی در مدیریت منابع آب و امور مرتبط با مهندسی آب ایفا میکند.
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- Xiong, L., and Guo, Sh., 2004. Trend test and change-point detection for the annual discharge series of the Yangtze River at the Yichang hydrological station. Hydrological Sciences Journal, Vol. 49, No. 1, pp. 99-112.
- Dingman, S.L., 2002. Physical hydrology. Second Edition, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, 646p.
- Taylor, W.A., 2000. Change point analysis: a powerful new tool for detecting changes.
- Pettitt, A.N., 1979. A non-parametric approach to change point problem. Applied Statistics, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp. 126-135.
- Killick, R., Fearnhead, P., and Eckley, I.A., 2012. Optimal detection of change points with a linear computational cost. Journal of the American Statistical Association, Vol. 107, No. 500, pp. 1590-1598.
- Kim, Ch., Suh, M.S., and Hong, K.O., 2009. Bayesian changepoint analysis of the annual maximum of daily and subdaily precipitation over South Korea. Journal of Climate, Vol. 22, No. 24, pp. 6741-6757.
- Killick, R., and Eckley, I.A., 2014. Change point: An R package for change point analysis. Journal of Statistical Software, Vol.58, No. 3, pp. 1-19.
- Scott, A.J., and Knott, M., 1974. A cluster analysis method for grouping means in the analysisof variance. Biometrics, Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 507-512.
- Sen, A., and Srivastava, M.S., 1975. On tests for detecting change in mean. The Annals ofStatistics, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 98-108.
- Auger, I.E., and Lawrence, C.E., 1989. Algorithms for the optimal identification of segment Neighborhoods. Bulletin of Mathematical Biology, Vol.51, No. 1, pp. 39-54.
- Bai, J., and Perron, P., 1998. Estimating and testing linear models with multiple structuralchanges. Econometrica, Vol. 66, No. 1, pp. 47-78.
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- Erdman, C., and Emerson, J.W., 2008. A fast bayesian change point analysis for the segmentation of microarray data. Bioinformatics, Vol. 24, No. 19, pp. 2143-2148.
- Zeileis, A., Shah, A., and Patnaik, I., 2010. Testing, monitoring, and dating structural changes inexchange rate regimes. Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Vol. 54, No. 6, pp. 1696-1706.
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- Cavanagh, W.G., Hirst, S., and Litton, C.D., 1988. Soil phosphate, site boundaries, and change pointanalysis. Journal of FieldArchaeology, Vol. 15, pp. 67-83.
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- Zanchettin, D., Traverso, P., and Tomasino, M., 2008. Po River discharges: a preliminary analysis of a 200-year timeseries. Climatic Change, No. 89, pp. 411-433.
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