سیل و تاب آوری: مطالعه مروری
الموضوعات :
سعید اسلامیان
1
,
یاسر سبزواری
2
1 - گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، ایران.
2 - گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، ایران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: ریسک, تابآوری سیل, سیل, مدیریت سیل,
ملخص المقالة :
سیل، یکی از بزرگترین معضلات و بلایای طبیعی در اقلیم ایران است که از دیرباز موجب بروز خسارات زیادی شده است. مدیریت ریسک سیل در کاهش عوارض برخی از خطرات سیل، جلوگیری از تلفات جانی در هنگام وقوع سیل و کاهش بار اقتصادی جوامع و مناطق پس از سیل موفق بوده است. این یک رویکرد مفید برای ارزیابی خطرات و تصمیم گیری در مورد اجرای اقدامات حفاظتی است. اخیراً علاوه بر مدیریت ریسک سیل، تابآوری سیل به عنوان یک رویکرد جدید در ادبیات دانشگاهی مورد بحث قرار گرفته است. این مقاله بر این است تا رابطه بین مدیریت ریسک سیل و تاب آوری سیل را آشکار کند. بنابراین، سه جنبه مورد بحث قرار می‌گیرد: تعریف تابآوری، روش‌های اندازه‌گیری آن و همچنین امکان اجرا و تعبیه آن در مدیریت ریسک سیل. از این‌رو در مطالعه حاضر مروری بر ۳۷ تحقیق مختلف انجام شده در زمینه راهکارهای و تجربیات مقابله با سیل و تابآوری در برابر این مخاطره طبیعی انجام گرفت. نتایج نشان داد گرچه روش‌های غیرسازه‌ای در کنترل سیل نسبت به روش‌های سازه‌ای کم هزینه‌تر هستند ولی کاربرد ترکیبی اقدامات سازه‌ای و غیرسازه‌ای برای کنترل سیلاب بهترین بازدهی را خواهد داشت.
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