ارزیابی کیفیت فیزیکی و زیستی خاک با استفاده از طیف سنجی در اراضی کشاورزی استان زنجان
الموضوعات :
محمد صادق عسکری
1
,
گلناز رستم خانی
2
,
ستاره امانی فر
3
,
تورج خوش زمان
4
1 - استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، دانشگاه زنجان، زنجان، ایران.
2 - گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان
3 - استادیار گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زنجان
4 - استادیار مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، استان زنجان
الکلمات المفتاحية: داده های طیفی, کاربری کشاورزی, آنالیز چند متغیره, مدیریت خاک,
ملخص المقالة :
توسعه یک روش دقیق و سریع به منظور ارزیابی تأثیر عملیات زراعی بر کیفیت خاک اهمیت بسیاری در مدیریت پایدار منابع و نظارت بر روشهای مدیریتی در اکوسیستم‌های کشاورزی دارد. هدف از این پژوهش ارزیابی کارایی طیفسنجی به عنوان یک روش کمی و سریع به منظور نظارت بر کیفیت فیزیکی و زیستی خاک تحت مدیریت‌های کشاورزی در استان زنجان بود. بدین منظور 77 نمونه خاک از عمق 20-0 سانتی‌متری در دو کاربری کشاورزی دیم و آبی جمع‌آوری و مهمترین ویژگیهای فیزیکی و زیستی مؤثر بر ارزیابی کیفیت خاک در اراضی استان با استفاده از روشهای استاندارد اندازه‌گیری شدند. سپس دادههای طیفی نمونه‌های خاک در محدوده مرئی و مادون قرمز تهیه و مدل‌های طیفی با استفاده از رگرسیون حداقل مربعات جزئی محاسبه شد. میانگین بازتابی طیف‌های خاک در محدوده 450 تا 2450 نانومتر، تفاوت معنی‌داری بین کاربری‌ها دیم و آبی (05/0p ˂) نشان داد. همچنین نوع کاربری تأثیر معنی‌داری (001/0p ˂) بر اغلب ویژگیهای فیزیکی و زیستی اندازه گیری شده داشت. مدل‌های طیفی با دقت "عالی" (8/0RPD>2) برای زیست توده میکروبی، پایداری خاکدانه و مقدار شن و با دقت "متوسط" (65/0RPD>5/1) برای جرم مخصوص ظاهری، هدایت هیدرولیکی اشباع و مقدار سیلت بدست آمد. درحالیکه ضریب جذب‌پذیری با دقت مناسبی توسط مدل‌های طیفی برآورد نشد. تأثیر عملیات مدیریتی تحت کاربری‌های دیم و آبی با استفاده از بازتاب مشخصه طیفی خاک قابل تمایز بود
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