تبیین امکانات و ابزارهای رسانه‌های جمعی بر شکل گیری حکمرانی خوب در جوامع در حال توسعه (با تاکید بر تجربیات جهانی)
الموضوعات :
مطالعات توسعه اجتماعی ایران
علی دماوندی کناری
1
(دانشجوی دکتری علوم سیاسی، واحد تهران مرکز ی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
سید علی طباطبایی پناه
2
(استادیار علوم سیاسی، واحد تهران مرکز ی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
سوسن صفاوردی
3
(دانشیار دانشکده علوم اجتماعی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران)
تاريخ الإرسال : 27 الثلاثاء , جمادى الثانية, 1442
تاريخ التأكيد : 27 الثلاثاء , جمادى الثانية, 1442
تاريخ الإصدار : 07 الجمعة , رجب, 1442
الکلمات المفتاحية:
حکمرانی خوب,
رسانه های ارتباط جمعی,
توسعه سیاسی,
توسعه پایدار,
افکار عمومی,
ملخص المقالة :
امروزه محیط بین الملل و کشورهای جهان به گونه‌ای درهم تنیده وابسته به مفهوم شبکه‌های اجتماعی و رسانه‌های مدرن گردیده است. این مفهوم تاثیرات به سزایی را بر محیط‌های اجتماعی و سیاسی کشورها گذاشته و مورد نظر بسیاری از سازمان‌های بین المللی نیز قرار گرفته است. مفهوم حکمرانی خوب به عنوان یک هدف، آرمان و راهبرد برای کشورهای در حال توسعه و حتی توسعه یافته، از سوی سازمان ملل متحد اعلام گردیده است. این نوع حکومتداری ویژگی‌هایی را دارد که موجب کرامت انسانی و بهبود فضاهای زیستی سیاسی در کشورهای متبوع می‌گردد. از این رو مفهوم حکمرانی خوب و راهبردهای آن به عنوان هدف اصلی کشورهای در حال توسعه برای رسیدن به مفهوم توسعه یافتگی محسوب می‌گردد. این پژوهش نیز با تاکید بر نقش رسانه‌ها در شکل دهی به مفهوم حکمرانی خوب، توانایی‌ها و عملکردهای رسانه‌های جمعی را مورد بررسی قرار داده و در گام بعدی امکان مندی و ارتباط دو مفهوم رسانه‌های جمعی و شکل گیری حکمرانی خوب را مورد تبیین قرار می دهد. این پژوهش به عنوان چهارچوب نظری از الگوهای بیان شده‌ی حکمرانی خوب از سوی سازمان ملل متحد و شاخص‌های آن استفاده برده و درصدد تطبیق این الگوها با توانایی‌ها و امکانات رسانه‌های جمعی است. شیوه‌ی تجزیه و تحلیل در این تحقیق بر مبنای توصیفی-تحلیلی و استفاده از الگوی کتابخانه‌ای جمع آوری اطلاعات است.
المصادر:
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_||_
Ahrend, Rudiger (2002). Press freedom, human capital and corruption. Delta, 2002
Apaza, C. (2009). Measuring Governance and Corruption through the Worldwide Governance Indicators: Critiques, Responses, and Ongoing Scholarly Discussion. PS: Political Science & Politics, 42(1), 139-43
Besley, Timothy, and Robin Burgess (2002). "The political economy of government responsiveness: Theory and evidence from India." The Quarterly Journal of Economics 117.4 (2002): 1415-1451.
Bimonte, Salvatore. (2002) "Information access, income distribution, and the Environmental Kuznets Curve." Ecological economics 41.1: 145-156
Bjork, P.G. and Johansson, H.S.H. (2001). Towards Governance Theory: In Search for a Common Ground. Bjork-Johnson 2001 pdf. IPSA. http://unoacademia.ch
Brunetti, Aymo, and Beatrice Weder (2003). "A free press is bad news for corruption." Journal of Public economics 87.7 (2003): 1801-1824
Chowdhury, Shyamal K (2004). Do democracy and press freedom reduce corruption? evidence from a cross country study. No. 85. ZEF discussion papers on development policy, 2004
Coyne, Christopher. J & Peter T. Leeson. (2014). Read all about it! Understanding the role of media in economic development. KYKLOS, Vol. 57: 21-44. [0]. Available: http://www.peterleeson.com/Kyklos-- Media.pdf. Accessed 24/02/2014
Daniel Catalán-Matamoros (2011). The Role of Mass Media Communication in Public Health, Health Management - Different Approaches and Solutions, Dr. Krzysztof Smigorski (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-307- 296-8, InTech, Available from: http://www.intechopen.com/books/healthmanagement-different-approaches-and-solutions
Edvardo, (1999) Effect of mass media campaign to reduce socioeconomic differences in women's awareness and behaviour concerning use of folic acid: cross sectional study." Bmj 319.7205 (1999): 291-296
Freille, Sebastian, M. Emranul Haque, and Richard Kneller (2007). "A contribution to the empirics of press freedom and corruption." European Journal of Political Economy 23.4 (2007): 838-862
Gisselquist, R.M. (2012). Good Governance as a Concept, and Why This Matters for Development Policy. United Nations University –The World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER), Helsinki, Finland.
Grindle, M. (2004). Good Enough Governance: Poverty Reduction and Reform in Development Countries. Governance: An International Journal of Policy, Administration and Institutions, 17(4), 525-48.
Gupta, Sanjeev, Hamid R. Davoodi and Rosa Alonso-Terme.( 2002). 'Does corruption affect income inequality and poverty? Economics of Governance 3(1): 23–45
Harrison, G. (2005). The World Bank, Governance and Theories of Political Action in Africa. British Journal of Politics and International Relations, 7(2), 240-60
Idada, W. and Uhunmwangho, S.O. (2012). Problems of Democratic Governance in Nigeria: The Way Forward. Journal of Sociology and Anthropology, 3(1), 49- 54.
Jessor, Richard, et al (1977). "Problem behavior and psychosocial development: A longitudinal study of youth." America (New York) 137.11: 19-22
Karlekar, K. and Becker, L.B. “By the numbers (2016): Tracing the statistical correlation between press freedom and democracy.” Center for International Media Assistance 2016. Available: http://cima.ned.org/sites
Kaufmann, D., A. Kraay. And Mastruzzi, P. (2006). Governance Matters. World Bank Policy Research Working Paper 2296
Kaufmann, Daniel, Aart Kraay, and Massimo Mastruzzi. "Governance matters IV: governance indicators for 1996-2004." World Bank policy research working paper 3630 (2005)
Khan, M. (2008). The Illusory Lure of Good Governance and the Hard Realities of Growth in Poor Countries. An Inaugural Lecture Delivered at the University of London, London: SOAS Inaugural Lecture Series.
Minogue et al. (1998). Introduction: The Analysis of Public Management and Governance. In Minogue M., Polidano, C., & Hulme, D (Eds.). Beyond the New Public Management, Changing Ideas and Practices in Governance. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar Publishing Limited.
Moloney, K. (2009). Public Administration and Governance: A sector-levcl Analysis of World Bank Aid. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 75(4), 609-27
Nanda, V. (2006). The “Good Governance” Concept Revisited. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 603, 269-83
Osmani, S. (2007). Participatory Governance for Efficiency and Equity: An Overview of Issues and Evidence. Background paper prepared for the World Public Sector Report 2007, United Nations Department foe Economic and Social Affairs, New York. 11 June
Peters, B.G. (2010). Governance as Political Theory. A Working Paper Presented at Jerusalem Forum on Regulation and Governance. The Hebrew University, Mount Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel. Working Paper No 22.
Reinikka, R. and Svensson, J., (2004), ‘The Power of Information: Evidence from a Newspaper Campaign to Reduce Capture’, Working Paper 3239, World Bank, Washington D.C.
Report of the Secretary-General’s High-level Panel of Eminent Persons on the Post-(2015) Development Agenda.. Available: http://www.un.org/sg/management/beyond2015.shtml. Accessed 05/02
Rotberg, R.I. (2004). Strengthening Governance. Washington Quarterly 38, 71-81
Rothstein, B. and J. Teorell. (2008). what is Quality of Government: A Theory of Impartial Political Institutions. Governance-An International Journal of Policy and Administration, 21, 165-90.
Roy, Sanjukta (2014). Media development and political stability: an analysis ofsub-Saharan Africa. [0]. Available: http://www.mediamapresource.org/wpcontent
Sampei, Yuki, and Midori Aoyagi-Usui (2009). "Mass-media coverage, its influence on public awareness of climate-change issues, and implications for Japan’s national campaign to reduce greenhouse gas emissions." Global Environmental Change 19.2 203-212
Schramm, Wilbur Lang (1994). Mass media and national development: The role of information in the developing countries. No. 25. Stanford University Press
Sheng, Y.K. (2008). What is good governance? United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP).Retrieved on March 12, from http://www.unescap.org.
Strömberg, David. (2004)"Radio's impact on public spending." The Quarterly Journal of Economics 119.1 (2004): 189-221.
United Nations Development Programme. (2007). Governance Indicators: A User’s Guide. New York: Document Library
Williams, D. and Young, T., (1994). Governance, the World Bank and Liberal Theory. Political Studies, 42, 87
Williams, G. (2009). Good Governance. In R. kitchin and N. Thrift (Eds.). International Encyclopaedia of Human Geography. London: Elsevies. 606-14
Wilson, Mark, Kitty Warnock, and Emrys Schoemaker.(2007) At the heart of change: The role of communication in sustainable development. Panos
Wilton Park. (2014) Conference report: Media and fragile states. Available: https://www.wiltonpark.org.uk
World Bank (1992): Governance - United Nations Global Issues. Retrieved from www.un.or
