Evaluation the Role of Factors Affecting the Feasibility of Urban Development Plans through Structural Equation Model (A Case Study in Shiraz City)
الموضوعات :
Naser Rezaei
1
(*Ph.D. Student, Department of Urban Development, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.)
Hamid Majedi
2
(Professor, Department of Urban Development, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.)
Zahra Sadat Saeideh Zarabadi
3
(Assistant professor, Department of Art and Architecture, Science and Research, Islamic Azad University, Tehran , Iran.)
Hossein Zabihi
4
(Associate professor in Urban Planning, Department of Art and Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran)
الکلمات المفتاحية: urban development plan, Shiraz, SEM, land use, land use change,
ملخص المقالة :
The main purpose of this paper is to explain the factors affecting the change of service land uses in the city of Shiraz and identify its reasons. For this purpose, the second-order confirmatory factor analysis technique has been used as one of the structural equation modeling techniques to determine the severity of the effect of the four factors on land use change, through which a contributing framework for the effects of the four factors (physical, activity, economic, accessibility) on land use change is obtained. Finally, the extent and direction of the factors affecting the realization of service land uses in the city of Shiraz are explained using the structural equation model (SEM). In order to achieve these goals, 50 variables affecting 600 plots in Shiraz city are extracted through field method. The variables are investigated and analyzed using GIS maps, Amos and SPSS software, and a series of bi-variable correlations in a table called correlation matrix or covariance, the most notably of which are confirmatory factor analysis and SEM. The results of the research show that, in total, the selected four factors have a significant effect on the land use change. It is such that the standardized weights of regression for "the effect of the access factor on land use change", "the effect of the economic factor on land use change", "the effect of the activity factor on land use change", and "the effect of the physical factor on land use change" are 0.91, 0.78, 0.65, and 0.56, respectively.
Akbari, M., & Rezaei, R. (1979). Evaluation of Land Use Changes
in Isfahan Metropolis: District 3. Journal of Urban Research and
Planning, 9(34), 93-104.
Alterman, R., & Moris, H. (1978). Implementation of Urban Land Use
Plans. Journal of the American Institute of Planners, 44(3), 274-285.
Awang, Z. (2014). A Handbook on Structural Equation Modelling.
Selangor: MPWS Rich Resources.
Azizi, M. M., & Dehghani. (2013). Measuring factors affecting land-use changes in the metropolitan expansion process (Case study: District
22 of Tehran City). Armanshahr Journal of Architecture and Urban,
343-359.
Batty, M., & Torrens, P. M. (2001). Modeling complexity: the limits to
prediction. CyberGeo.
Behn, R. D. (1980). Why Murphy Was Right?. Policy Analysis, 6,
361-363.
Berke, P., Backhaus t, M. D., Ericksen, N., Laurian, L., Crawford, J.,
& Dixon, J. (2006). What makes plan implementation successful? An
evaluation of local plans and implementation practices in New Zeland.
Environment and Planning B: Planning & Design, 33(4), 581-600.
Briamoh, A. K., & Onishi, T. (2007). Spatial Determinants of Urban
Land-Use Change in Lagos, Nigeria. Land Use Policy.
Briasolis, H. (2010). Analytical Patterns of Land Use Change. (M.
Rafieian, & M. Mahmoodi, Trans.) Tehran: Azarakhsh Publications.
Carmona, M., & Edwards, M. (2001). The Value of Urban Design,
London. CABE (Thomas Telford).
Chin, W. W., Marcolin, B. L., & News ted, P. R. (1996). A partial least
squares latent variable modeling approach for measuring interaction
43
International Journal Of Architecture and Urban Development
effects: Results from a Monte Carlo simulation study and voice mail
emotion/adoption study. 17th International Conference on Information
Systems. Cleveland, OH.
Dadashpour, H., Kheiroddin, R., Yaghub Khani, M., & Chamani,
B. (2013). Modeling of land-use changes in Tehran metropolis using
MOLAND model. Regional Planning Quarterly, 4(16), 49-64.
Dalon, J., Elias, M., & Wandersman, A. (2007). Community
Psychology: Linking Individuals and Communities. Belmont, CA:
Wadsworth.
Deputy of Shiraz Municipality Urban Planning. (2016). Statis tical
Yearbook of Shiraz. Shiraz.
Elmore, R. F. (1979). Backward Mapping: Implementation Research
and Policy Decisions. Political Science Quarterly, 94, 601-616.
Fesharaki, M. (1977). Structural equation modeling and its application
in psychological studies (Case study). Clinical and Personality
Psychology Periodical, 16(1), 253-265.
Fixen, D. L., Naoom, S. F., Blase, K. A., & Friedman, R. M. (2005).
Implementation Research.
Habibi, A. (2012). LISREL Applied Learning. Tehran: Second Edition:
Summer.
Haenlein, M., & Kaplan, A. M. (2004). A beginner’s guide to partial
least squares analysis. Understanding Statistics, 3(4), 283-297.
Hoyle, R. H. (2012). Handbook of Structural Equation Modeling.
New York: The Guilford Press.
Joreskog, K. G., & Wold, H. O. (1982). The ML and PLS Techniques
For Modeling with Latent Variables: Historical and Comparative
Aspects. Amsterdam: North-Holland: In Systems Under Indirect
Observation.
Kafashi, M. (2011). Structural Equation Modeling of Educational
Indicators Affecting the Social Confidence of Tehran Citizens in
Islamic Azad University. Journal of New Thoughts in Educational
Sciences, 6(2), 103-122.
Kalantari, K. (2009). Modeling of Structural Equations in Socio-
Economic Research (Using LISREL and SIMPLES). Saba Farhang
Publications.
Khoury, Z. B. (1996). Implementing the New Urban Agenda: The
Case of Ismailia, Egypt. Environment &Urbanization, 8(1).
Kline, R. B. (2005). Principles and practice of structural equation
modeling (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford Press.
Lambin, E. F., Turner, B. L., Geist, H. L., Agbola, S. B., Angelsen,
A., Bruce, J. W., et al. (2001). The causes of land-use and land-cover
change: moving beyond the myths. Glob. Environ. Change, 74(4), 555-
577.
Lang, J. (2005). A Typology of Procedures and Products. Oxford:
Architectural Press.
Laurian, L. D., Backhurs t, M., Berke, P., Ericksen, N., Crawford,
J., Dixon, J., et al. (2004). What drives plan implementation? Plans,
planning agencies, and developers. Journal of Environmental Planning
and Management, 47(4), 555-577.
Lichfield, N., & Darin, D. H. (1980). Land Policy in Planning,
London. Allen & Unwin.
Long, H., Gouping, T., & Gerhard, K. H. (2007). Socio-economic
driving forces of land-use changes in Kunshan, the Yangtze River Delta
economic area of China. Journal of Environmental Management, 83, 351-364.
Lue, J., & Wei, Y. (2009). Modeling Spatial Variations of Urban
Growth Patterns in Chinese Cities: The Case of Nanjing [J]. Landscape
and Urban Planning, 91(2), 51-64.
MacCallum, R. C., Michael, W., & Hazuki, M. (1996). Power Analysis
and Determination of Sample Size for Covariance Structure Modeling.
Psychological Methods, 1(2), 130-149.
Mahdizadeh, J. (2000). New Perspectives and Solutions in Land Use
Planning. Proceedings of the Articles on Land and Urban Development.
Tehran.
Mahmoudi, H. N. (2000). A Survey on Urban Land Use Metamorphosis
with Emphasis on Urban Land Use Structure in Iran. Road and Building
Journal, 41.
Moughtin, K., Cuesta, R., Sarris, C., & Signoretta, P. (1999). Oxford:
Architectural Press.
Norton, R. (2005). More and better local planning. A state-mandated
local planning in Coastal North Carolina. Journal of the American
Planning Association, 71(1), 55-71.
Nutt, P. C. (2007). Examining the Link between Plan Evaluation and
Implementation. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 74(8),
1252-1271.
Oliveria, V., & Pinho, P. (2008). Urban planning and regeneration in
Oporto, 2004-2007. Cities.
Marshall, S., & Pena, W. (2001). Problem Seeking: An Architectural
Programming Primer. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Rezaei, N., Majedi, H., Zabihi, Z. S., & Zabihi, H. (2018). Explaining
the role of factors affecting the implementation of urban development
plans (Case study: Shiraz City). Journal of Urban Research and
Planning, 9(34), 47-58.
Seto, L. C., Woodcoock, C. E., Song, C., Huang, X., Lu, J., &
Kaufmann, R. K. (2002). Monitoring land-use change in the Pearl
River delta using Landsat TM. International journal of remote sensing,
23(10), 317-328.
Shahr-o-Khaneh consulting planners. (2014). Shiraz metropolitan
master plan. Shiraz.
Soltani, F. (1999). Preliminary research in the formulation of land
theory for the realization of urban development plans. Proceedings of
the Conference on Land and Urban Development.
Statsoft. (2013). Structural Equation Modeling, Statsoft Electronic
Statistics Textbook.
Sun, X. N., Mai, Y. Y., & Wang, X. G. (2013). The structural equation
model for public evaluation of the transfer efficiency of rail transit
P&R facilities. Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2027-2033.
Talen, E. (1997). Success, failure, and conformance: an alternative
approach to planning evaluation. Environment and Planning B:
Planning & Design, 24(4), 573-587.
Taqizadeh, M. (2016). Comparison of urban land-use change
mechanisms (Case study: England, USA, India, Turkey, and Iran.
Armanshahr Journal of Architecture and Urban Planning, 317-328.
Timothy, T., Tsai, L. T., & Yang, C. C. (2013). Applying Structural
Equation Modeling (SEM) in Educational Research: An Introduction. In M. S. Khine (Ed.), Application of Structural Equation Modelling in Educational Research and Practice. Rotterdam/ Bos ton / Taipei: Sense Publishers.
Wernberg, T., Kendrick, G. A., & Toohey, B. D. (2005). Modification
of the physical environment by an Ecklonia radiata (Laminariales)
canopy and implications for associated foliose algae. Aquatic Ecology,
39(4), 419-430.
Westland, J. C. (2015). Structural equation modeling: From paths to
networks. New York: Springer.
Zangi Aabadi, A., Abdolahi, M., Salek, G. R., & Qasemzade, B.
(2014). Evaluation of factors affecting the implementation of urban
master plans in Iran and its related challenges (Case study: His topical cultural
axis of District 6 of Tabriz). Journal of Urban Research and
Planning, 5(18), 41-58.
