Analyzing the Impact of Laws and Regulations on the Urban Planning Process with a Focus on the Regeneration of Deteriorated Urban Fabrics (Case Study: Qazvin City)
الموضوعات : Urban Planning
Mohammadjavad Dargahi
1
,
Shadi Pakzad
2
,
Masoud Elahi
3
1 - Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Urban Planning, Qa.C., Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran.
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Urban Planning, Qa.C., Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran.
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Urban Planning, Qa.C., Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran.
الکلمات المفتاحية: Urban Law – Urban Planning – Laws and Regulations – Deteriorated Urban Fabric ,
ملخص المقالة :
A considerable share of dysfunctions in the social, economic, physical–functional, and decision-making systems of deteriorated urban fabrics in many countries, including Iran, originates from the absence, weakness, or inadequacy of laws and regulations. These instruments, designed to guide legislators and urban decision-makers in controlling development, promoting social justice, and ensuring a safe and livable environment, often fail to achieve their intended goals due to shortcomings, contradictions, or conflicting objectives.
Qazvin, chosen as the case study for this research, is one of Iran’s historic cities and a pioneer in urban planning. Nevertheless, its deteriorated urban fabric is of particular importance given its scale, proximity to heritage assets and valuable urban spaces, and the severity of its physical and social challenges. This study examines the existing laws and regulations, their impacts on physical–functional, socio-cultural, economic, decision-making, and environmental–natural systems, and evaluates their influence on the regeneration of Qazvin’s deteriorated urban fabric.
The research pursues two main objectives: (1) to address or mitigate problems arising from the enactment or implementation of relevant laws and regulations, and (2) to identify potential solutions to enhance their effectiveness. To achieve this, impact analysis techniques were employed alongside the Delphi method to propose strategies for improvement.
Findings highlight the crucial role of laws and regulations in urban regeneration. Drafting such frameworks requires a comprehensive, multidimensional approach grounded in the needs of residents. Success depends on active community participation, the application of appropriate analytical tools, and collective decision-making to address the intertwined physical, social, economic, and environmental dysfunctions of deteriorated areas.
Aghaei, L., Bandali, M., & Rezaei, M. (2008). A review of laws and regulations in the management of urban worn-out tissues "Case study of districts 15 and 17 of Tehran municipality". The first conference on urban worn-out tissues, the prospect of sustainable development, values and challenges, 1-9. (in Persian).
Ahmadi, F., Nasiriani, K., & Abazari, P. (2008). The Delphi technique: A tool in research. Iranian Journal of Medical Education, 175-185. (in Persian).
Andalib, A. (2024). Pathology of revitalizing deteriorated urban fabrics in Iran from the perspective of Balanced Renovation theory. Journal of Revitalization School, 1(1), 44-51. https://doi.org/10.22034/1.1.40. (in Persian).
Babanasab, R., Mousavi, C., & Mohammadi, J. (2008). A review of the country's experiences in improving and renovating worn-out tissues since 1921. Journal of Spatial Planning, 5(2), 361–383. (in Persian).
Ben Saeed, A. (2008). Analysis of the effects of urban planning laws and regulations on the processes, outputs, and outcomes of urban planning practice. Master's Thesis, Shahid Beheshti University. (in Persian).
«Building a framework for conducting Regulatory Impact Analysis (RIA): Tools for policy-makers», 2007, Directorate for Public Government and territorial Development, Paris, France.
Carmona, M. (2014). The place-shaping continuum: A theory of urban design process. Journal of Urban Design, 19(1), 2–36. https://doi.org/10.1080/13574809.2013.854695.
Daneshpour, Z. (2005). Educational booklet on urban planning techniques. Tehran: Faculty of Urban Planning and Architecture, Shahid Beheshti University. (in Persian).
Debate, Public. (2005). Urban policies and the right to the city. UN-HABITAT (United Nations Human Settlements Programme).
Doroudi, M. H., Roustaei-Patapeh, M., & Soleimani-Moghaddam, H. (2015). Analysis and evaluation of laws and regulations related to deteriorated urban fabrics in Iran. In Proceedings of the National Conference on Urban Worn-Out and Historical Fabrics: Challenges and Solutions, University of Kashan. Retrieved from https://civilica.com/doc/422344. (in Persian).
Felli, A., & Zullo, F. (2024). Legislative foundations: Exploring land take laws and urban regeneration policies in Italy and Europe. Land, 13(5), 713. https://doi.org/10.3390/land13050713.
Ghazi, A. (1994). Constitutional law and political institutions. Tehran: University of Tehran Press. (in Persian).
Habibi, S. M., & Maghsoodi, M. (2007). Urban Restoration. Tehran: University of Tehran Press. (in Persian).
Harrington, W., & Morgenstern, R. (2004). Evaluating regulatory impact analysis. Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development.
Iran Urban Development and Revitalization Corporation - Ministry of Roads and Urban Development. (2012). Improvement and renovation of worn-out tissues and informal settlements from a legal perspective. (in Persian).
Katouzian, N. (2005). Introduction to the science of law and a study in the Iranian legal system. Tehran: Enteshar. (in Persian).
Liao, Z., & Liu, M. (2023). Critical barriers and countermeasures to urban regeneration from the stakeholder perspective: A literature review. Frontiers in Sustainable Cities, 5, Article 1115648. https://doi.org/10.3389/frsc.2023.1115648
Mirkatouli, J., Alipour, A., & Hasani, A. (2012). The impact of government supportive policies on the management of old and deteriorated fabrics: A case study of Behshahr city. Geographical Spatial Planning, 2(5), 37–56. Retrieved from https://civilica.com/doc/405481. (in Persian).
Pile, D. (1997). Local planning assistance: Laws the stage for community-based planning. Minnesota. Retrieved from [insert URL here]
Rahimi, H., & Heydari, M. (2023). Residents' evaluation of the effectiveness of laws for the improvement and renovation of worn-out and inefficient urban tissues on the urban regeneration process in the worn-out tissues of Hamidiya city. Geography and Urban-Regional Planning, 13(46), 183-202. (in Persian).
Rahimi, H., & Heydari, M. (2023). Residents’ evaluation of the effectiveness of the laws of improvement and renovation of worn-out and inefficient urban tissues on the regeneration process of Hamidia city. Geography and Regional Urban Planning, 13(46), 177-202. https://gaij.usb.ac.ir/article_7458.html?lang=en
Salehi, E. (2005). The role of urban planning rules and regulations in achieving a good city and sustainable urban development - Case study of Tehran. Journal of Environmental Studies, (40). (in Persian).
Seyed Sadr, S. A. (2003). The complete collection of urban planning and architecture laws. Tehran: Sekkeh & Khayyam. (in Persian).
Shahr-o-Barnameh Consulting Engineers. (2005). Qazvin comprehensive plan. Qazvin Province Housing and Urban Development Organization. (in Persian).
Tarhe Mohite Paydar Consulting Engineers. (2007). Strategic plan, special detailed plan, and urban design for the worn-out (problematic) tissue of Qazvin city. Iran Urban Development and Revitalization Organization. (in Persian).
Wang, H., Zhao, Y., Gao, X., & Gao, B. (2021). Collaborative decision-making for urban regeneration: A literature review and bibliometric analysis. Land Use Policy, 107, 105479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105479
Zamani, B., & Asadpour, H. (2023). Meta-analysis of the obstacles to the manifestation of urban regeneration projects in Iran. Geographical Urban Planning Research (GUPR ), 11(2), 75-97. https://doi.org/10.22059/JURBANGEO.2023.355628.1799
Ziyari, K., Birandavandzadeh, M., Alizadeh, Y., & Ebrahimi, S. (2009). Review and evaluation of rehabilitation and renewal policies for urban deteriorated fabrics: Case study of Yazd city. Jahgeya-ye Ensaanee, 2(1), 45–58. https://ensani.ir/fa/article/231078. (in Persian).
