پاسخ کشت مخلوط سیب¬زمینی (Solanum tuberosum L.) با باقلا (Vicia faba L.) و نخودفرنگی (Pisum sativum L.) تحت نظام‌های کودی مختلف

الموضوعات : Journal of Crop Ecophysiology

رمضان سرپرست ¹ , فائزه زعفریان ² , همت اله پیردشتی ³ , مجتبی محمودی ⁴

1 - 1- استادیار بخش تحقیقات اصلاح و تهیه نهال و بذر، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مازندران. سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش
2 - عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری
3 - دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری
4 - بخش تحقیقات خاک و آب، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی مازندران، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ساری، ایران

تاريخ الإرسال : 10 الخميس , ذو القعدة, 1443 تاريخ التأكيد : 19 الأحد , محرم, 1445 تاريخ الإصدار : 19 الأحد , ربيع الأول, 1446

الکلمات المفتاحية: ازتوباکتر, بیوچار, عملکرد, تنوع زیستی,

ملخص المقالة :

به¬منظور بررسی عملکرد و اجزای کشت خالص و مخلوط سیب¬زمینی با باقلا و نخودفرنگی تحت تاثیرکودهاي زیستی، آلی و شیمیایی آزمایشی دو ساله (سال‌های 1398و 1397) به¬صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوك¬هاي کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در ايستگاه تحقيقات كشاورزي قراخیل (قائم¬شهر) انجام گردید. تیمارها شامل الگو¬های مختلف کشت (تک¬کشتی سیب¬زمینی، باقلا و نخودفرنگی و مخلوط سیب¬زمینی+ باقلا و سیب-زمینی+ نخودفرنگی) و عامل دوم کاربرد انواع نظام¬های کودی در هفت سطح شامل عدم استفاده از کود (شاهد)، کاربرد کود زیستی ازتوباکتر، کاربرد کود آلی بیوچار، کاربرد کود شیمیایی اوره، کاربرد تلفیقی 50% کود زیستی ازتوباکتر + 50% کود آلی، کاربرد تلفیقی 50% کود زیستی ازتوباکتر + 50% کود شیمیایی و کاربرد تلفیقی 50% کود شیمیایی + 50% کود آلی اجرا گردید. عملکرد سیب¬زمینی، باقلا و نخودفرنگی در الگوی کشت مخلوط نسبت به کشت خالص برتري داشت. نظام¬هاي کودي اثر بسیار معنی¬داري بر عملکرد غده سیب‌زمینی در دو سال آزمایش داشت؛ به‌طوریکه نتایج مقایسه ميانگين نشان داد که کاربرد تلفیقی کود زیستی+ کود آلی سبب افزایش عملکرد سیب¬زمینی به¬ترتیب 29772 و 36178 کیلو گرم در هر هکتار در سال¬های اول و دوم آزمایش گردید. بیشترین صفات مربوط به باقلا نظیر تعداد دانه در غلاف، تعداد غلاف در بوته، طول غلاف، ارتفاع بوته و عملکرد غلاف سبز باقلا طی دو سال در الگوی کاشت مخلوط باقلا + سیب‌زمینی به¬دست آمد. همچنین نتایج گویای این مطلب بود که در سال اول و دوم بالاترین عملکرد غلاف سبز باقلا (به¬ترتیب 2/20804 و 3/22801 کیلوگرم در هکتار) با کاربرد تلفیقی کود زیستی + کود آلی و بیشترین عملکرد نخودفرنگی در سال اول و دوم (به‌ترتیب 6/12104 و 3/11806 کیلوگرم در هکتار) از الگوی کاشت مخلوط نخودفرنگی + سیب¬زمینی به‌همراه کاربرد تلفیقی کود شیمیایی + کود زیستی به¬دست آمد. با¬توجه به نتایج این آزمایش، کشت مخلوط و نظام کوددهی تلفیقی سبب افزایش عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد هر سه گونه زراعی می¬شود.

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