مروری بر اثرات درمانی سه گونه پسته وحشی (بنه، مصطکی و کلخونگ) در انسان
الموضوعات : فصلنامه زیست شناسی جانوری
1 - گروه زیست شناسی، واحد دامغان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دامغان، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: پسته وحشی, پسته کوهی, بنه, مصطکی, کلخونگ, سلامت,
ملخص المقالة :
پسته وحشی یکی از محصولات کشاورزی خودرو در ایران است که فواید بسیاری در صنایع دارویی، بهداشتی، پزشکی و خوراکی دارد. سه گونه پسته وحشی شامل بنه (Pistacia atlantica Desf.)، مصطکی (Pistacia lentiscus L.) و خینجوک یا کلخونگ (Pistacia khinjuk Stoks) در ایران وجود دارند که سرشار از مواد مغذی و پر انرژی بوده و خواص آنها در برخی موارد از پسته خوراکی آجیل بیشتر است. از درخت پسته وحشی یا بنه صمغی ترشح میشود که به سقز معروف است و دارای خواص درمانی بسیاری است و میوه، روغن و صمغ آن در حوزه طب سنتی از دیرباز مورد استفاده بوده است. این مطالعهی مروری با بررسی منابع معتبر داخلی و خارجی به بررسی اثرات درمانی سه گونه پسته وحشی موجود در ایران میپردازد. به این منظور با استفاده از پایگاه مرکز اطلاعات علمی جهاد دانشگاهی (SID)، Scopus، ScienceDirect و PubMed با تاکید بر جدیدترین و مرتبطترین منابع، تعداد 82 مقاله انتخاب و بررسی شدند. نتایج بیانگر اثرات آنتیاکسیدانی، ضدالتهابی، ضدمیکروبی، ضدانگلی و درمانی فراوانی پسته وحشی هستند که مهمترین آنها عبارتند از: بهبود اضطراب و افسردگی، کمک به درمان دیابت، سرطان، آسیبهای قلبی، کبدی، کلیوی، استئوآرتریت، بهبود پارامترهای خونی (قند و چریی)، بیوشیمیایی (آنزیمهای کبدی)، هورمونهای تیروئیدی، پاسخ ایمنی و ترمیم مو، ناخن و انواع زخمها میباشد. مصطکی یک صمغ طبیعی و از بهترین داروهای طبیعی برای تقویت دستگاه گوارش است. این صمغ به درمان زخم معده، سوءهاضمه، رفلاکس، تنظیم حرکات روده، رفع یبوست و پاکسازی کبد و کلیهها کمک میکند. میوه کلخونگ بهعنوان خوشبوکننده دهان، برای دنداندرد، زخم معده، کاهش کلسترول و پیشگیری از بیماریهای قلبی عروقی کاربرد دارد.
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1. Hajisharifi A. The secret and mystery of herbal medecin. 1th ed. Tehran: Hafez Novin Publication Center. 2012;236-237.
2. Bozorgi M, Memariani Z, Mobli M, Salehi Surmaghi MH, Shams-Ardekani MR, Rahimi R. Five Pistacia species (P. vera, P. atlantica, P. terebinthus, P. khinjuk, and P. lentiscus): a review of their traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology. Sci World J. 2013;2013:219815.
3. Ben Ahmed Z, Yousfi M, Viaene J, Dejaegher B, Demeyer K, Heyden YV. Four Pistacia atlantica subspecies (atlantica, cabulica, kurdica and mutica): A review of their botany, ethnobotany, phytochemistry and pharmacology. J Ethnopharmacol. 2021;265:113329.
4. Oryan M, Hakimi Meybodi M H, Ebrahimzadeh Ardekani M, Kiani B. Efficacy of Pistacia atlantica extract in the treatment of acne. J Dermatol Cosmet. 2018;9(2):93-99.
5. Mahjoub F, Akhavan Rezayat K, Yousefi M, Mohebbi M, Salari R. Pistacia atlantica Desf. A review of its traditional uses, phytochemicals and pharmacology. J Med Life. 2018;11(3):180-186.
6. Sehaki C, Jullian N, Ayati F, Fernane F, Gontier E. A review of Pistacia lentiscus polyphenols: chemical diversity and pharmacological activities. Plants (Basel). 2023; 12(2):279.
7. Azadmard Damirchi S, Mahmodi R, Sowti Khiabani M, Shirmohammadi M. Chemical composition and antioxidant properties of hull and core of Pistacia khinjuk stocks. Iran Food Sci Technol Res J. 2015;11(4):408-419.
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