اثر ورزش و مکمل کروسین بر نشانگرهای بیوژنز میتوکندری و محافظت سلولی در بیماری دیابت با تاکید بر نقش PGC-1α و HSP70: یک مطالعه مروری نظامند
الموضوعات :میثم روزستان 1 , Khalid Mohamadzadeh Salamat 2 , کمال عزیز بیگی 3 , سید علی حسینی 4
1 - گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد سنندج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سنندج، ایران
2 - Department of Physical Education, Sa.C., Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran.
3 - گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، واحد سنندج، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، سنندج، ایران
4 - گروه مدیریت ورزش، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مرودشت، ایران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: تمرین استقامتی, مکمل کروسین, PGC-1α, HSP70, دیابت ,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف: بیوژنز میتوکندری یک چرخه پیچیده است که شامل هماهنگی بین بیان ژن‌های میتوکندری و ژن‌های هسته‌ای، سپس ورود محصولات به اندامک و تداوم گردش این چرخه می‌باشد. نقص میتوکندری و یا نقص در هر یک از مسیرهای درگیر در بیوژنز میتوکندری، می‌تواند منجر به بیماری دیابت شود .یکی از راه های کنترل و مدیریت بیماری دیابت پرداختن به فعالیت های ورزشی می باشد. اگرچه نقش فعالیت های بدنی و آنتی اکسیدان ها بر سلامت قلب نشان داده شده است. اما اثر تعاملی تمرینات مختلف ورزشی همراه با کروسین بر نشانگر های محافظت سلولی بافت قلب به خوبی مشخص نیست. تمرینات ورزشی با شدت متفاوت، با تنظیم بیان ژن‌های دخیل در زایش میتوکندری میوکارد بیماران دیابتی، متابولیسم را در سطح سلولی تنظیم می¬کند. بنابراین هدف مطالعه حاضر بررسی مروری بر اثر تمرینات استقامتی با شدت های مختلف و مکمل کروسین بر نشانگرهای بیوژنز میتوکندری و محافظت سلولی در بیماری دیابت با تاکید بر نقش PGC-1α و HSP70 بود. مواد و روش ها: در مطالعه مروری حاضر، تحقبقات منتشر شده از سال 2010 تا 2024 که در ارتباط با فعالیت های ورزشی، مکمل کروسین، نشانگرهای بیوژنز میتوکندری و محافظت سلولی در بیماری دیابت بودند مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. جستجوی مطالعات لاتین با استفاده از پایگاه داده های در PubMed، ScienceDirect و Google scholar با کلید واژه های Endurance training،Crocin ،PGC-1α ، HSP70 Diabetes و جستجو در مطالعات فارسی مرتبط در پایگاه های تخصصی فارسی مگیران، SID و گوگل اسکولار، با کلید واژه های ورزش، کروسین، زعفران، بیوژنز میتوکندریایی،PGC-1α ، HSP70انجام شد. از بین تمام مقالات پیدا شده مرتبط ترین آنها که در حدود 91 مقاله مرتبط با کلیدواژه ها بودند ابتدا به دسته-های تمرین+بیوژنز میتوکندریایی، کروسین+بیوژنز میتوکندریایی و تعامل تمرین+کروسین+بیوژنز میتوکندریایی در شرایط دیابت تقسیم شدند. نتایج: از بین 250 مقاله پیدا شده با کلیدواژه های تمرین، بیوژنز میتوکندریایی، کروسین، بیوژنز میتوکندریایی تعداد 91 مقاله که مرتبط با تمرین، کروسین، بیوژنز میتوکندریایی بودند مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. بررسی نتایج مطالعات به طور کلی نشان داد تمرین استقامتی بیشتر محرک PGC-1α می باشد و کروسین اثرات محدود تری بر بیوژنز میتوکندریایی و اثر آنتی اکسیدانی بیشتری نسبت به تمرین دارد. همچنین تعامل تمرین استقامتی و مکمل کروسین روند بیوژنز میتوکندری را در بیماران دیابتی بهبود می بخشد. نتیجه گیری: به طور کلی به نظر می رسد استفاده از کروسین به عنوان یک آنتی اکسیدان و محرک بالقوه بیوژنز میتوکندریایی از مسیر های جداگانه با تمرین استقامتی می تواند منجر به افزایش نشانگرهای بیوژنز میتوکندریایی مانند PGC-1α, HSP70 در شرایط بیماری دیابت شود. از این رو استفاده از کروسین در کنار تمرینات ورزشی برای کنترل بیماری دیابت و بهبود عملکرد جسمانی توصیه می شود.
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