ارتقا کیفیت محیط زندگی در خانه های سالمندان با محوریت زیست مبنا(مبتنی بر قیاس جنسیتی زن و مرد)
الموضوعات :
مریم شاه محمدیان
1
,
فهیمه معتضدیان
2
,
علی شرقی
3
,
غزال صفدریان
4
1 -
2 - استادیار گروه معماری، واحد پردیس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، پردیس، ایران
3 - عضو هیئت علمی و استادیار دانشکده معماری و شهرسازی، دانشگاه تربیت دبیر شهید رجایی
4 - استادیار گروه معماری، واحد پردیس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، پردیس، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: زیست مبنا, کیفیت محیط زندگی, سالمندان, خانه های سالمندان , شهر تهران,
ملخص المقالة :
گرایش ساختار جمعیتی کشور از جوان به بزرگسال، و با بالا رفتن سرعت رشد نسبی جمعیت سالمندان کشور می باشد، به ویژه اینکه فکری برای طراحی محیط های بیرونی خانه های سالمندان نشده است. مطالعات زیادی در زمینه کیفیت زندگی سالمندان انجام شده است ولی در زمینه محیط زیست و بیرونی خانه های سالمندان مطالعه ای صورت نگرفته است. هدف از این پژوهش ایجاد زیست مبنا و تاثیر مولفه های آن بر ارتقا کیفیت زندگی، زنان و مردان سالمند ساکن در خانه های سالمندان می باشد. ابتدا به بررسی تحلیل- محتوا زیست مبنا و عوامل موثر بر کیفیت زندگی سالمندان پرداخته شد. در همین راستا 120 پرسشنامه ساختار یافته در اختیار سالمندان در دو گروه پیش آزمون و پس آزمون توزیع شد. در نهایت داده های جمع آوری شده با استفاده از نسخه 28 نرم افزار SPSS و نسخه 2020 نرم افزار MAXQDA تجزیه و تحلیل شد و آماره ها و همبستگی نمونه های جفتی شاخص ها بررسی شد. روش تحقیق شامل یک روش ترکیبی پیمایشی، میدانی و آزمایشی می باشد. تحلیل داده ها با آزمون های T همبسته و تحلیل کوواریانس انجام شد. نتایج آزمون T همبسته نشان داد مولفه های زیست مبنا موجب افزایش و بهبود کیفیت محیط زیست و تمامی مولفه های آن شدند (05/0>p). نتایج آزمون تحلیل کوواریانس نشان داد میزان اثربخشی مولفه های زیست مبنا بر نمره کل کیفیت محیط زیست در دو گروه مشابه بود. اما اثر جنسیت بر دو مولفه خودکفایی و پویایی و سرزندگی تایید شد (05/0>p). طراحی محیط‌های مسکونی متناسب با نیازهای سالمندان نیازمند راه‌حل‌های کافی است. مردان سالمند در مولفه خودکفایی و زنان سالمند در مولفه پویایی و سرزندگی بهبود کیفیت زندگی بیشتری داشتند.
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