نسبت کالبد و دلبستگی به فضاهای جمعی در گونه غالب مجتمع های مسکونی کم ارتفاع شهر تهران
الموضوعات :امیررضا شهیدی 1 , فهیمه معتضدیان 2
1 - گروه معماری، واحد پردیس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، پردیس، ایران.
2 - استادیار، گروه معماری، واحد پردیس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، پردیس، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: حس دلبستگی به مکان, عوامل کالبدی, مجتمع مسکونی خطی, فضای جمعی,
ملخص المقالة :
امروزه فضای جمعی که مهم ترین عرصه مشترک زندگی در محل سکونت به شمار می رود، تا حد زیادی قابلیت اجتماع پذیری خود را از دست داده است. حس دلبستگی به عنوان عامل پیوند انسان و مکان، نقش مهمی در احیای این گونه فضاها داراست و درک صحیحی از عامل کالبد به عنوان مفهومی بنیادین در تعریف این گونه فضاها، می تواند موجب تحریک حس دلبستگی گردد. هدف پژوهش حاضر، شناسایی نسبت کالبد و حس دلبستگی به فضاهای جمعی در گونه غالب مجتمع های مسکونی کم ارتفاع شهر تهران، یعنی گونه خطی با تراکم خرد واحد مسکونی می باشد. ابزار پژوهش حاضر شامل مطالعات کتابخانه ای، پرسشنامه و ثبت مشاهدات رفتاری ساکنان در فضاهای جمعی مجتمع ها می باشد. با مراجعه به متون و جمع بندی نظرات اندیشمندان حوزه، شاخص های پژوهش انتخاب و از دل آن ها، مولفه های کالبدی استخراج گردید. سپس آزمون تجربی و توزیع پرسشنامه و همزمان از طریق بازدیدهای منظم روزانه، ثبت مشاهدات رفتاری انجام گردید و در نهایت با استفاده از نرم افزارهای مربوطه، به تجزیه و تحلیل داده های کمی 256 پرسشنامه پرداخته شد. نتایج پژوهش حاکی از نقش بسزای عوامل کالبدی بر میزان دلبستگی ساکنان به فضاهای جمعی مجتمع های مسکونی می باشد و شاخص «ذهنی» نسبت به شاخص «عینی»، تاثیر بیش تری بر حس دلبستگی دارد. از میان مولفه های عینی، «شخصیت کالبدی»، «عوامل محیطی»، «قابلیت محیطی» و «تناسبات بصری» و از میان مولفه های ذهنی، «نفوذپذیری»، «خاطره جمعی»، «امنیت و آسایش» و «سرزندگی و حیاتمندی» به ترتیب اولویت، بیش ترین تاثیرگذاری را بر ارزیابی دلبستگی ساکنان به فضاهای جمعی دارد.
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