اثر تلقیح قارچ مایکوریزا و بیوچار بر زیست توده اندام هوایی و برخی از پارامترهای بیوشیمیای گیاه ذرت (Zea mays L.)درشرایط تنش کبالت
الموضوعات :فرهاد احمدی 1 , سیاوش حسینی سرقین 2 , عادل سی وسه مرده 3 , وریا ویسانی 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری،گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه ارومیه
2 - دانشیار، گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه ارومیه
3 - استاد گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه کردستان
4 - دانشیار گروه علوم باغی زراعی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران
الکلمات المفتاحية: فلزات سنگین, اصلاح کننده‌های خاک , ذرت,
ملخص المقالة :
هدف: تجمع فلزات سنگین به ویژه کبالت (Co) در مزارع کشاورزی و ذخایر آبی به دلیل عوامل طبیعی و همچنین عوامل انسانی نگران کننده است. بکاربردن اصلاح کننده‌های خاک کم هزینه می‌تواند تحرک کبالت در خاک و جذب آن توسط گیاهان را محدود کند
مواد و روشها: به همین منظور در یک آزمایش گلدانی اثر اصلاح کننده‌های خاک (بیوچار و مایکوریزا) بر روی پارامترهای فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشمیایی گیاه ذرت تحت تنش کبالت مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. این آزمایش بصورت فاکتوریل و در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی در سه تکرار و به صورت گلدانی در دانشگاه کردستان در سال 1401 اجرا شد. تلقیح با قارچ مایکوریزا (تلقیح بذور با قارچ مایکوریزا و عدم تلقیح بذور)، کاربرد بیوچار(پنج درصد وزن خاك و عدم کاربرد بیوچار) و غلظت‌های مختلف کبالت در سه سطح صفر، 60 ،120 پی‌پی‌ام در نظر گرفته شدند.
یافتهها: در تحقیق حاضر، بکاربردن کبالت بر وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی ،پروتئین محلول برگ، قند محلول برگ و جذب عناصر درشت مغدی و ریز مغذی ریشه اثر منفی می‌گذارد.
نتیجهگیری: در حالی که درتیمارهای ترکیبی بیوچار و مایکوریزا افزایش قابل توجهی در پارامترهای ذکر شده داشت. به طوری که میزان وزن تر و خشک اندام هوایی به ترتیب 5/14، /8/14 درصد افزایش نسبت به شاهد مشاهده شد. این مطالعه نشان داد که تلقیح گیاهان مایکوریزا همراه با بیوچار می‌تواند رشد ذرت، جذب مواد مغذی را در خاک آلوده به کبالت بهبود بخشد.
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