Investigating and sensitivity analyzing the of operating microgrids in the presence of electric vehicles
الموضوعات :
Yaser Ebazadeh
1
,
Reza Alayi
2
,
Eskandar Jamali
3
1 - Department of Computer Engineering, Germi Branch, Islamic Azad University, Germi, Iran.
2 - Department of Mechanics, Germi Branch, Islamic Azad University, Germi, Iran
3 - Department of Mechanical Engineering, Germi Branch, Islamic Azad University, Germi, Iran.
الکلمات المفتاحية: Renewable Energy, Optimization, Electrical Energy, Electric Vehicle. ,
ملخص المقالة :
The use of electric vehicles (EVs) is increasing daily owing to the lack of fossil fuels on the one hand and the emission of pollution caused by the burning of fossil fuels. In this research, to produce fuel for EVs from renewable sources, a power grid with renewable energy sources such as wind turbines and photovoltaic cells was considered. After modeling, optimization was performed to supply the energy needed by EVs using wind turbines and photovoltaic cells, and the main purpose of this optimization was to reduce environmental pollution by providing maximum energy. One of the important results is the $1601941 investment cost of the wind turbine and photovoltaic cell system.
[1] S. Shafiee, M. Fotuhi-Firuzabad, and M. Rastegar, "Investigating the Impacts of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles on Power Distribution Systems," IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid, vol. 4, pp. 1351-1360, 2013.
[2] P.H. Divshali, B.J. Choi, “Electrical market management considering power system constraints in smart distribution grids,” Energies, vol. 9, 2016.
[3] Hemmatpour, M. H., Koochi, M. H. R., Dehghanian, P., and Dehghanian, P. (2022). Voltage and energy control in distribution systems in the presence of flexible loads considering coordinated charging of electric vehicles. Energy, 239, 121880.
[4] Bagchi, A. C., Kamineni, A., Zane, R. A., and Carlson, R. (2021). Review and comparative analysis of topologies and control methods in dynamic wireless charging of electric vehicles. IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 9(4), 4947-4962.
[5] Ghotge, R., van Wijk, A., and Lukszo, Z. (2021). Off-grid solar charging of electric vehicles at long-term parking locations. Energy, 227, 120356.
[6] Scott, M.J, et al., Impacts assessment of plug-in hybrid vehicles on electric utilities and regional US power grids: Part 2: an economic assessment. Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (a), 2007.
[7] B. Falahati, Y. Fu, Z. Darabi, and L. Wu, "Reliability assessment of power systems considering the large-scale PHEV integration," IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference, pp. 1-6, 2011.
[8] Su, J., Lie, T. T., and Zamora, R. (2019). Modeling of large-scale electric vehicles charging demand: A New Zealand case study. Electric Power Systems Research, 167, 171-182.
[9] Sheng, M. S., Sreenivasan, A. V., Covic, G. A., Wilson, D., and Sharp, B. (2019, June). Inductive power transfer charging infrastructure for electric vehicles: A new Zealand case study. In 2019 IEEE PELS Workshop on Emerging Technologies: Wireless Power Transfer (WoW) (pp. 53-58). IEEE.
[10] H. Farzin, M. Moeini-Aghtaie, and M. Fotuhi-Firuzabad, "Reliability Studies of Distribution Systems Integrated With Electric Vehicles under Battery-Exchange Mode," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 31, pp. 2473-2482, 2016.
[11] Teng, F., Ding, Z., Hu, Z., and Sarikprueck, P. (2020). Technical review on advanced approaches for electric vehicle charging demand management, Part I: Applications in the electric power market and renewable energy integration. IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, 56(5), 5684-5694.
[12] Van den Berg, M. A., Lampropoulos, I., and AlSkaif, T. A. (2021). Impact of electric vehicles charging demand on distribution transformers in an office area and determination of flexibility potential. Sustainable Energy, Grids and Networks, 26, 100452.
[13] K. Clement-Nyns, E. Haesen, and J. Driesen, “The impact of charging plug-in hybrid electric vehicles on a residential distribution grid,” IEEE Trans. Power Syst., vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 371–380, 2010.
[14] C. Pang, M. Kezunovic and M. Ehsani, “Demand side management by using electric vehicles as distributed energy resources,” Proc. of IEEE Electric Vehicle Conf. (IEVC), Greenville, SC, March 2012.
[15] Ali, Abdelfatah, et al. "Optimal allocation of inverter-based WTGS complying with their DSTATCOM functionality and PEV requirements." IEEE Trans. Vehicular Technology, vol. 69, no. 5, pp. 4763-4772, Mar 2020.
[16] Su, Wenzhe, et al. "An MPC-based dual-solver optimization method for DC microgrids with simultaneous consideration of operation cost and power loss." IEEE Trans. Power Systems, vol. 36, no. 2, pp. 936-947, 2020.
[17] Al Zishan, Abdullah, Moosa Moghimi Haji, and Omid Ardakanian. "Reputation-based fair power allocation to plug-in electric vehicles in the smart grid." 2020 ACM/IEEE 11th International Conference on Cyber-Physical Systems (ICCPS). IEEE, 2020.
[18] Fachrizal, Reza, et al. "Smart charging of electric vehicles considering photovoltaic power production and electricity consumption: A review." ETransportation vol. 4, pp. 100056, 2020.
[19] Sufyan, Muhammad, et al. "Charge coordination and battery lifecycle analysis of electric vehicles with V2G implementation." Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 184, pp. 106307, 2020.
[20] Singh, Jyotsna, and Rajive Tiwari. "Cost-benefit analysis for v2g implementation of electric vehicles in the distribution system." IEEE Trans. Industry Applications, vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 5963-5973, 2020.
[21] Alsharif, Abdulgader, et al. "A comprehensive review of energy management strategy in Vehicle-to-Grid technology integrated with renewable energy sources." Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments, vol. 47, pp. 101439, 2021.
[22] Chang, Shuo, Yugang Niu, and Tinggang Jia. "Coordinate scheduling of electric vehicles in charging stations supported by microgrids." Electric Power Systems Research, vol. 199, pp. 107418, 2021.
[23] Wu, Chuanshen, et al. "A model predictive control approach in microgrid considering multi-uncertainty of electric vehicles." Renewable Energy, vol. 163, pp. 1385-1396, 2021.
[24] Ramadan, Ashraf, et al. "Scenario-based stochastic framework for optimal planning of distribution systems including renewable-based DG units." Sustainability, vol. 13, no. 6, pp. 3566, 2021.
[25] T. Wu, Q. Yang, Z. Bao, and W. Yan, “Coordinated Energy Dispatching in Microgrid With Wind Power Generation and Plug-in Electric Vehicles,” IEEE Trans. Smart Grid, vol. 4, pp. 1453-1463, 2013.
[26] Zakariazadeh, Alireza, Shahram Jadid, and Pierluigi Siano. "Integrated operation of electric vehicles and renewable generation in a smart distribution system." Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 89 pp. 99-110, 2015.
[27] M. Moeini-Aghtaie, A. Abbaspour, M. Fotuhi-Firuzabad, and P. Dehghanian, "Optimized Probabilistic PHEVs Demand Management in the Context of Energy Hubs," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, vol. 30, pp. 996-1006, 2015.
[28] M. Honarmand, A. Zakariazadeh, and S. Jadid, "Integrated scheduling of renewable generation and electric vehicles parking lot in a smart microgrid," Energy Conversion and Management, vol. 86, pp. 745-755, 2014.
[29] Y. M. Atwa, E. F. El-Saadany, M. M. A. Salama, and R. Seethapathy, "Optimal Renewable Resources Mix for Distribution System Energy Loss Minimization," IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 25, pp. 360-370, 2010.
[30] A. Yona, T. Senjyu, and T. Funabashi, "Application of Recurrent Neural Network to Short-Term-Ahead Generating Power Forecasting for Photovoltaic System," IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, pp. 1-6, 2007.
[31] G.Boyle, Renewable energy, Oxford, U.K.: Oxford Univ, Press, 2004.
[32] B. S. Borowy and Z. M. Salameh, "Optimum photovoltaic array size for a hybrid wind/PV system," IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, vol. 9, pp. 482-488, 1994.
[33] D. Bertsimas and J. N. Tsitsiklis, “Introduction to Linear Optimization,” 1997.
[34] R. Billinton and S. Jonnavithula, "A test system for teaching overall power system reliability assessment," IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, vol. 11, pp. 1670- 1676, 1996.
[35] C. Chen, S. Duan, T. Cai, B. Liu, and G. Hu, "Smart energy management system for optimal microgrid economic operation," IET Renewable Power Generation, vol. 5, pp. 258-267, 2011.
[36] S. W. Hadley and A. A. Tsvetkova, "Potential Impacts of Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles on Regional Power Generation," The Electricity Journal, vol. 22, pp. 56-68, 2009.
[37] N. M. M. Razali and A. H. Hashim, "Backward reduction application for minimizing wind power scenarios in stochastic programming," International Power Engineering and Optimization Conference, pp. 430-434, 2010.
