نقش مسیرهای سیگنال‌دهی، microRNAها و lncRNAها در پاتوفیزیولوژی اندومتریوز
الموضوعات :
رضا فانی کیسمی
1
,
فاطمه قاسمیان
2
1 - گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران
2 - گروه زیست شناسی-دانشکده علوم پایه- دانشگاه گیلان- رشت- ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: اندومتریوز, مسیرهای سیگنال‌دهی, micRNAs, LncRNAs.,
ملخص المقالة :
اندومتریوز یک بیماری مزمن وابسته به استروژن در زنان است که با رشد بافت مشابه آندومتر در خارج از رحم مشخص می‌شود و باعث درد لگن، ناباروری و التهاب می‌شود. با وجود تحقیقات گسترده، علت دقیق این بیماری همچنان نامشخص است. این مرور به بررسی جامع مکانیسم‌های مولکولی اندومتریوز می‌پردازد و بر عوامل ژنتیکی، مسیرهای سیگنال‌دهی، میکروRNAها (miRNAها) و RNAهای بلند غیرکدکننده (lncRNA) تمرکز دارد. استعداد ژنتیکی نقش مهمی ایفا می‌کند و پلی‌مورفیسم‌ها و جهش در ژن‌هایی مانند PTEN، TP53، KRAS و گیرنده‌های هورمونی با افزایش خطر ابتلا به بیماری مرتبط هستند. مسیرهای سیگنال‌دهی مختل‌شده از جمله MAPK، PI3K/Akt، Wnt/β-catenin و TGF-β منجر به تکثیر سلولی غیرطبیعی، تهاجم و مقاومت در برابر آپوپتوز می‌شوند. میکروRNAها با هدف‌گیری ژن‌های کلیدی دخیل در چسبندگی و مهاجرت، پاسخ‌های التهابی و فرآیندهای سلولی را تعدیل می‌کنند، در حالی که lncRNAها از طریق تعامل با RNA رقابتی (ceRNA)، بازسازی کروماتین و اتصال به پروتئین‌ها بیان ژن را تنظیم کرده و بر مسیرهایی مانند p38-MAPK و NF-κB تأثیر می‌گذارند. lncRNAهایی مانند MEG3-210 و MALAT1 نشان می‌دهند که چگونه عوامل ژنتیکی و اپی‌ژنتیکی بر رفتار سلولی در اندومتریوز تأثیر می‌گذارند. درک این شبکه‌های مولکولی پیچیده بینشی عمیق‌تر از پاتوژنز ارائه داده و اهداف درمانی بالقوه‌ای را برجسته می‌کند که نویدبخش درمان‌های مؤثرتر هستند.
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