ارائه مدل کیفی از متغیرهای اثر گذار بر ارزش زیبایی شناسی منظر شهری (مورد پژوهی: شهر بابل)
الموضوعات : معمار شهر
1 - دانشجوی دکتری ، گروه شهرسازی ، واحد تهران غرب ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، تهران ، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: منظر شهر, زیبایی شناسی, هویت, روش داده بنیاد, مدل ,
ملخص المقالة :
از مناظر شهر و وصف طراحی آن در شهرهای امروزی می توان دریافت ، که همچنان در ارائه چارچوب هایی برای مولفه های طراحی منظر شهر ، دچار خلا نظری و عملیاتی می باشیم. با مطالعه سیر تکامل مفهوم منظر در بستر طراحی شهر، می توان فهمید، ارزش"زیبایی" و مفاهیم نهفته در آن در تمامی رویکرد ها نسبت به منظر، به نوعی قابل برداشت است. در تعاریف به روز از زیبایی، می گویند مفهومی است که باید توسط انسان، ادراک و تجربه شود و در خلال این تجربه روزمره است که ، فرآیند پاسخ گویی ، قضاوت ، ارزش گذاری و رفتار متقابل انسان نسبت به آن نیز شکل میگیرد. هدف مقاله، بررسی کیفی متغیرهای موثر بر طراحی منظر شهر با رویکرد زیبایی شناسی از نگاه مردم به عنوان کاربران اصلی محیط زندگی شان است. بدین منظور به روش داده بنیاد، با نمونه آماری 9 نفر از متخصصین و 41 نفر از شهروندان بابل، با مصاحبه نیمه ساختار یافته عمیق ، به گفت وشنود پرداخته و داده ها از طریق نرم افزار مکس کیودا 2023 ، تحلیل شد. مجموعا 1879 کد استخراج شد که در سه مرحله باز ، محوری و انتخابی طبقه بندی گردید و بر اساس قالب پارادایمی روش داده بنیاد که از 6 تم اصلی شامل پدیده محوری ، عوامل علی ، زمینه ای ، مداخله گر ، راهبرد ها و پیامدها تشکیل شده است، مدل کیفی مقاله به دست آمد. پیامد ها ، در مدل فوق همان دستاورد پژوهش هست که شامل "برونداد پدیده منظر بر روی مردم" ، بر خود "منظر شهر" و بر روی "هویت" می باشد.
المصادر:
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Grote, L. Wang. D. (2013). Architectural Research methods. )A. Einifar, Trans). Tehran: University of Tehran Press. (Original work published 2002) (in Persian)
Gülçin, D., & Yalçınkaya, N. M. (2022). Correlating fluency theory-based visual aesthetic liking of landscape with landscape types and features. Geo-Spatial Information Science, 27(1), 237–256. https://doi.org/10.1080/10095020.2022.2125836
Guzmán, A. I. (2017). Geographical Aesthetics: Imagining Space, Staging Encounters Edited by Harriet Hawkins and Elizabeth Straughan. Visual Studies 32 (2): 185–186. https://doi.org/10.1080/1472586X.2016.1274190.
Howley, P., (2011). Landscape aesthetics: Assessing the general publics' preferences towards rural landscapes. Ecological Economics, 72, 161-169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolecon.2011.09.026
Kalivoda, O., J. Vojar, Z. Skřivanová, & Zahradník, D. (2014). Consensus in Landscape Preference Judgments: The Effects of Landscape Visual Aesthetic Quality and Respondents’ Characteristics. Journal of Environmental Management 137 (May): 36–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.02.009
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