تدوین مدل افسردگی در زنان باردار بر اساس بد تنظیمی هیجانی و سبک‌های والدگری ادراک‌شده با نقش واسطه¬ای طرح‌واره‌های ناسازگار اولیه. (نویسندگان : محبوبه مرادیان تهرانی / سعید ملیحی الذاکرینی / رضا مولودی)
الموضوعات :
1 - عضو تمام وقت هیئت علمی و مدیر داخلی نشریه
الکلمات المفتاحية: افسردگی, بد تنظیمی هیجانی, سبک‌های والدگری ادراک‌شده, طرح‌واره‌های ناسازگار اولیه,
ملخص المقالة :
چکیده این پژوهش با هدف بررسی نقش واسطه¬ای طرح‌واره‌های ناسازگار اولیه در رابطه بین بد تنظیمی هیجانی و سبک‌های والدگری ادراک‌شده با افسردگی در زنان باردار انجام شد. پژوهش حاضر توصیفی_همبستگی از نوع تحلیل مسیر بود. جامعه مورد مطالعه کلیه زنان باردار مراجعه‌کننده به خانه‌های سلامت، مراکز مامایی و مطب‌های زنان و زایمان شهر تهران در سال 1401 بودند که در اوایل ماه-های بارداری تا ماه هفتم قرار داشتند. از بین آن‌ها به صورت در دسترس 397 نفر به عنوان نمونه انتخاب شدند. ابزارهای این پژوهش شامل مقياس افسردگی، اضطراب و استرس (DASS، لاویبوند و لاویبوند، 1995)، مقیاس دشواری تنظیم هیجان (DERS، گرتز و روئمر، 2004)، پرسشنامه سبک¬های فرزند پروری یانگ (YPI، یانگ، 1999) و پرسشنامه طرح‌واره‌های ناسازگار اولیه (YSQ، یانگ، 1990) بودند. داده¬ها با استفاده از روش تحلیل مسیر تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. نتایج تحلیل مسیر حاکی از برازش مناسب مدل بود. یافته¬ها نشان داد که بد تنظیمی هیجانی و سبک‌های والدگری ادراک‌شده پدر از طریق خودگردانی و عملکرد مختل و دیگر جهت¬مندی به صورت غیرمستقیم قادر به پیش¬بینی افسردگی در زنان باردار هستند. (۰01/۰p‹). این نتایج نشان می¬دهد که بد تنظیمی هیجانی و سبک‌های والدگری ادراک‌شده با توجه به نقش مهم طرح‌واره‌های ناسازگار خودگردانی و عملکرد مختل و دیگر جهت¬مندی می-توانند تبیین‌کننده افسردگی در زنان باردار باشد.
المصادر:
منابع
بشارت، م. (1397). مقیاس دشواری تنظیم هیجان. اندیشه و رفتار در روان شناسی بالینی، 13(47)، 89-92. https://jtbcp.riau.ac.ir/article_1427.html
سامانی، س؛ و جوکار، ب. (1386). بررسی اعتبار و روایی فرم کوتاه مقیاس افسردگی، اضطراب و فشار روانی. مجله علوم اجتماعی و انسانی دانشگاه شیراز، 3(52)، 65-77. https://www.sid.ir/paper/391033/fa
صلواتی، م. (1386). طرحواره¬های غالب و اثر بخشی طرحواره درمانی در بیماران زن مبتلا به اختلال شخصیت مرزی. رساله جهت دریافت رساله دکتری. چاپ شده. انیستیتو روانپزشکی تهران.
معینی، م؛ مام شریفی، پ؛ فرخی، س؛ و شهرابی فراهانی، م. (1401). نقش واسطه‌ای تنظیم هیجان و انعطاف‌پذیری شناختی در رابطۀ بین سیستم‌های بازداری و فعال‌سازی رفتاری با تا‌ب‌آوری امدادگران هلال‌احمر. رویش روان شناسی، ۱۱ (۷)، ۱۳۳-۱۴۴.
http://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.2383353.1401.11.7.18.7
Bär, A., Bär, H. E., Rijkeboer, M. M., & Lobbestael, J. (2023). Early Maladaptive Schemas and Schema Modes in clinical disorders: A systematic review. Psychology and psychotherapy, 96(3), 716–747. https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.12465
Beheshti Nasab, M., Bahmaei, H., Askari, S., Ghanbari, S., & Iravani, M. (2022). The Relationship between Health Anxiety and Prenatal Distress with Choosing Mode of Delivery among Pregnant Women during COVID-19 Epidemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, 10(2), 3240-3247. https://doi.org/10.22038/jmrh.2022.62345.1758
Bell, A. F., & Andersson, E. (2016). The birth experience and women's postnatal depression: A systematic review. Midwifery, 39, 112–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2016.04.014
Bi, X., Yang, Y., Li, H., Wang, M., Zhang, W., & Deater-Deckard, K. (2018). Parenting Styles and Parent- Adolescent Relationships: The Mediating Roles of Behavioral Autonomy and Parental Authority. Frontiers in psychology, 9, 2187. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02187
Bishop, A., Younan, R., Low, J., & Pilkington, P. D. (2022). Early maladaptive schemas and depression in adulthood: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical psychology & psychotherapy, 29(1), 111–130. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2630
Buesa, J., Campos-Berga, L., Lizaran, M., Almansa, B., Ghosn, F., Sierra, P., ... & García-Blanco, A. (2024). Predictors of postpartum depression in threatened preterm labour: importance of psychosocial factors. Spanish Journal of Psychiatry and Mental Health, 17(1), 51-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpmh.2023.06.004
Cantarero, A., Mateo, R., Camarero, P. R., Alonso, D., Fernandez-Eslava, B., & Alonso-Alvarez, C. (2020). Testing the shared-pathway hypothesis in the carotenoid-based coloration of red crossbills. Evolution, 74(10), 2348-2364. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14073
Crawford, J. R., & Henry, J. D. (2003). The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS): normative data and latent structure in a large non-clinical sample. The British journal of clinical psychology, 42(Pt 2), 111–131. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466503321903544
Dabb, C., Dryer, R., Brunton, R. J., Yap, K., & Roach, V. J. (2023). Paternal pregnancy-related anxiety: Systematic review of men's concerns and experiences during their partners' pregnancies. Journal of affective disorders, 323, 640–658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.092
Faustino, B., & Vasco, A. B. (2020). Relationships between emotional processing difficulties and early maladaptive schemas on the regulation of psychological needs. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 27(6), 804-813. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2464
Goagoses, N., Bolz, T., Eilts, J., Schipper, N., Schütz, J., Rademacher, A., Vesterling, C., & Koglin, U. (2022). Parenting dimensions/styles and emotion dysregulation in childhood and adolescence: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Current Psychology: A Journal for Diverse Perspectives on Diverse Psychological Issues. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03037-7
Gratz, K. L., & Roemer, L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 26(1), 41– 54. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOBA.0000007455.08539.94
Ifeagwazi, C. M., Obiajulu, B. M., Chukwuorji, J. C., & Ndukaihe, I. L. (2021). Emotion dysregulation robustly predicts depressive symptoms above and beyond life events and social support in sub-saharan African pregnant women. Women's Reproductive Health, 8(1), 29-43. https://doi.org/10.1080/23293691.2020.1861414
Jahan, N., Went, T. R., Sultan, W., Sapkota, A., Khurshid, H., Qureshi, I. A., & Alfonso, M. (2021). Untreated Depression during Pregnancy and Its Effect on Pregnancy Outcomes: A Systematic Review. Cureus, 13(8), e17251. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.17251
Keijser, R., Olofsdotter, S., Nilsson, K. W., & Åslund, C. (2020). The influence of parenting styles and parental depression on adolescent depressive symptoms: A cross-sectional and longitudinal approach. Mental Health & Prevention, 20, 200193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mhp.2020.200193
Lovibond, P. F., & Lovibond, S. H. (1995). The structure of negative emotional states: comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behaviour research and therapy, 33(3), 335–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(94)00075-u
Li, H., Li, H., Zhong, J., Wu, Q., Shen, L., Tao, Z., Zhang, H., & Song, S. (2023). Association between sleep disorders during pregnancy and risk of postpartum depression: a systematic review and meta- analysis. Archives of women's mental health, 26(2), 259–267. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-023-01295-3
Louis, J. P., Wood, A. M., & Lockwood, G. (2018). Psychometric validation of the Young Parenting Inventory - Revised (YPI-R2): Replication and Extension of a commonly used parenting scale in Schema Therapy (ST) research and practice. PloS one, 13(11), e0205605. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205605
McCance, D. R., & Cassidy, L. (2024). Diabetes in pregnancy. Textbook of Diabetes, 1034-1071.
Mak, M. C. K., Yin, L., Li, M., Cheung, R. Y. H., & Oon, P. T. (2020). The relation between parenting stress and child behavior problems: Negative parenting styles as mediator. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 29, 2993-3003. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-020-01785-3
Malogiannis, I. A., Aggeli, A., Garoni, D., Tzavara, C., Michopoulos, I., Pehlivanidis, A., Kalantzi-Azizi, A., & Papadimitriou, G. N. (2018). Validation of the greek version of the Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form 3: Internal consistency reliability and validity. Psychiatrike = Psychiatriki, 29(3), 220–230. https://doi.org/10.22365/jpsych.2018.293.220
Mamsharifi, P., Farokhi, B., Hajipoor-Taziani, R., Alemi, F., Hazegh, P., Masoumzadeh, S., Jafari, L., Ghaderi, A., & Ghadami Dehkohneh, S. (2023). Nano-curcumin effects on nicotine dependence, depression, anxiety and metabolic parameters in smokers: A randomized double-blind clinical study. Heliyon, 9(11), e21249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21249
Mirzakhani, K., Khadivzadeh, T., Faridhosseini, F., & Ebadi, A. (2020). Pregnant Women's Experiences of the Conditions Affecting Marital Well-Being in High-Risk Pregnancy: A Qualitative Study. International journal of community based nursing and midwifery, 8(4), 345–357. https://doi.org/10.30476/ijcbnm.2020.85666.1285
Pilkington, P. D., Karantzas, G. C., Faustino, B., & Pizarro-Campagna, E. (2023). Early maladaptive schemas, emotion regulation difficulties and alexithymia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical psychology & psychotherapy, 10.1002/cpp.2914. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2914
Pourshahabadi, F., & Einipour, J. (2020). The Effectiveness of Schema Therapy on Differentiation of Self and Emotional Control among Couples with Marital Maladjustment. International Journal of Applied Behavioral Sciences, 7(2), 18–29. https://doi.org/10.22037/ijabs.v7i2.28249
Romero-Acosta, K., Gómez-de-Regil, L., Lowe, G. A., Lipps, G. E., & Gibson, R. C. (2021). Parenting Styles, Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms in Child/Adolescent. International journal of psychological research, 14(1), 12–32. https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.4704
Sánchez-Polán, M., Franco, E., Silva-José, C., Gil-Ares, J., Pérez-Tejero, J., Barakat, R., & Refoyo, I. (2021). Exercise During Pregnancy and Prenatal Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Frontiers in physiology, 12, 640024. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.640024
Sharma, A., & McClellan, J. (2021). Emotional and Behavioral Dysregulation in Severe Mental Illness. Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America, 30(2), 415–429. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2020.10.010
Smith, A. L., Carvalho, A. F., & Solmi, M. (2024). Methodological concerns in umbrella review of serotonin and depression. Molecular psychiatry, 10.1038/s41380-024-02460-5. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-024-02460-5
Yaffe, Y. (2023). Systematic review of the differences between mothers and fathers in parenting styles and practices. Current psychology, 42(19), 16011-16024. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-01014-6
Yalcin, O., Marais, I., Lee, C. W., & Correia, H. (2023). The YSQ-R: Predictive Validity and Comparison to the Short and Long Form Young Schema Questionnaire. International journal of environmental research and public health, 20(3), 1778. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20031778
Young, J. E. (1999). Cognitive therapy for personality disorders: A schema-focused approach. Professional Resource Press/Professional Resource Exchange.
Zetsche, U., Bürkner, P. C., Bohländer, J., Renneberg, B., Roepke, S., & Schulze, L. (2024). Daily Emotion Regulation in Major Depression and Borderline Personality Disorder. Clinical Psychological Science, 12(1), 161-170. https://doi.org/10.1177/21677026231160709
منابع
بشارت، م. (1397). مقیاس دشواری تنظیم هیجان. اندیشه و رفتار در روان شناسی بالینی، 13(47)، 89-92. https://jtbcp.riau.ac.ir/article_1427.html
سامانی، س؛ و جوکار، ب. (1386). بررسی اعتبار و روایی فرم کوتاه مقیاس افسردگی، اضطراب و فشار روانی. مجله علوم اجتماعی و انسانی دانشگاه شیراز، 3(52)، 65-77. https://www.sid.ir/paper/391033/fa
صلواتی، م. (1386). طرحواره¬های غالب و اثر بخشی طرحواره درمانی در بیماران زن مبتلا به اختلال شخصیت مرزی. رساله جهت دریافت رساله دکتری. چاپ شده. انیستیتو روانپزشکی تهران.
معینی، م؛ مام شریفی، پ؛ فرخی، س؛ و شهرابی فراهانی، م. (1401). نقش واسطه‌ای تنظیم هیجان و انعطاف‌پذیری شناختی در رابطۀ بین سیستم‌های بازداری و فعال‌سازی رفتاری با تا‌ب‌آوری امدادگران هلال‌احمر. رویش روان شناسی، ۱۱ (۷)، ۱۳۳-۱۴۴.
http://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.2383353.1401.11.7.18.7
Bär, A., Bär, H. E., Rijkeboer, M. M., & Lobbestael, J. (2023). Early Maladaptive Schemas and Schema Modes in clinical disorders: A systematic review. Psychology and psychotherapy, 96(3), 716–747. https://doi.org/10.1111/papt.12465
Beheshti Nasab, M., Bahmaei, H., Askari, S., Ghanbari, S., & Iravani, M. (2022). The Relationship between Health Anxiety and Prenatal Distress with Choosing Mode of Delivery among Pregnant Women during COVID-19 Epidemic: A Cross-Sectional Study. Journal of Midwifery and Reproductive Health, 10(2), 3240-3247. https://doi.org/10.22038/jmrh.2022.62345.1758
Bell, A. F., & Andersson, E. (2016). The birth experience and women's postnatal depression: A systematic review. Midwifery, 39, 112–123. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2016.04.014
Bi, X., Yang, Y., Li, H., Wang, M., Zhang, W., & Deater-Deckard, K. (2018). Parenting Styles and Parent- Adolescent Relationships: The Mediating Roles of Behavioral Autonomy and Parental Authority. Frontiers in psychology, 9, 2187. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02187
Bishop, A., Younan, R., Low, J., & Pilkington, P. D. (2022). Early maladaptive schemas and depression in adulthood: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical psychology & psychotherapy, 29(1), 111–130. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2630
Buesa, J., Campos-Berga, L., Lizaran, M., Almansa, B., Ghosn, F., Sierra, P., ... & García-Blanco, A. (2024). Predictors of postpartum depression in threatened preterm labour: importance of psychosocial factors. Spanish Journal of Psychiatry and Mental Health, 17(1), 51-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sjpmh.2023.06.004
Cantarero, A., Mateo, R., Camarero, P. R., Alonso, D., Fernandez-Eslava, B., & Alonso-Alvarez, C. (2020). Testing the shared-pathway hypothesis in the carotenoid-based coloration of red crossbills. Evolution, 74(10), 2348-2364. https://doi.org/10.1111/evo.14073
Crawford, J. R., & Henry, J. D. (2003). The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS): normative data and latent structure in a large non-clinical sample. The British journal of clinical psychology, 42(Pt 2), 111–131. https://doi.org/10.1348/014466503321903544
Dabb, C., Dryer, R., Brunton, R. J., Yap, K., & Roach, V. J. (2023). Paternal pregnancy-related anxiety: Systematic review of men's concerns and experiences during their partners' pregnancies. Journal of affective disorders, 323, 640–658. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2022.11.092
Faustino, B., & Vasco, A. B. (2020). Relationships between emotional processing difficulties and early maladaptive schemas on the regulation of psychological needs. Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy, 27(6), 804-813. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2464
Goagoses, N., Bolz, T., Eilts, J., Schipper, N., Schütz, J., Rademacher, A., Vesterling, C., & Koglin, U. (2022). Parenting dimensions/styles and emotion dysregulation in childhood and adolescence: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Current Psychology: A Journal for Diverse Perspectives on Diverse Psychological Issues. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-022-03037-7
Gratz, K. L., & Roemer, L. (2004). Multidimensional assessment of emotion regulation and dysregulation: Development, factor structure, and initial validation of the difficulties in emotion regulation scale. Journal of Psychopathology and Behavioral Assessment, 26(1), 41– 54. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOBA.0000007455.08539.94
Ifeagwazi, C. M., Obiajulu, B. M., Chukwuorji, J. C., & Ndukaihe, I. L. (2021). Emotion dysregulation robustly predicts depressive symptoms above and beyond life events and social support in sub-saharan African pregnant women. Women's Reproductive Health, 8(1), 29-43. https://doi.org/10.1080/23293691.2020.1861414
Jahan, N., Went, T. R., Sultan, W., Sapkota, A., Khurshid, H., Qureshi, I. A., & Alfonso, M. (2021). Untreated Depression during Pregnancy and Its Effect on Pregnancy Outcomes: A Systematic Review. Cureus, 13(8), e17251. https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.17251
Keijser, R., Olofsdotter, S., Nilsson, K. W., & Åslund, C. (2020). The influence of parenting styles and parental depression on adolescent depressive symptoms: A cross-sectional and longitudinal approach. Mental Health & Prevention, 20, 200193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mhp.2020.200193
Lovibond, P. F., & Lovibond, S. H. (1995). The structure of negative emotional states: comparison of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS) with the Beck Depression and Anxiety Inventories. Behaviour research and therapy, 33(3), 335–343. https://doi.org/10.1016/0005-7967(94)00075-u
Li, H., Li, H., Zhong, J., Wu, Q., Shen, L., Tao, Z., Zhang, H., & Song, S. (2023). Association between sleep disorders during pregnancy and risk of postpartum depression: a systematic review and meta- analysis. Archives of women's mental health, 26(2), 259–267. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-023-01295-3
Louis, J. P., Wood, A. M., & Lockwood, G. (2018). Psychometric validation of the Young Parenting Inventory - Revised (YPI-R2): Replication and Extension of a commonly used parenting scale in Schema Therapy (ST) research and practice. PloS one, 13(11), e0205605. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205605
McCance, D. R., & Cassidy, L. (2024). Diabetes in pregnancy. Textbook of Diabetes, 1034-1071.
Mak, M. C. K., Yin, L., Li, M., Cheung, R. Y. H., & Oon, P. T. (2020). The relation between parenting stress and child behavior problems: Negative parenting styles as mediator. Journal of Child and Family Studies, 29, 2993-3003. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10826-020-01785-3
Malogiannis, I. A., Aggeli, A., Garoni, D., Tzavara, C., Michopoulos, I., Pehlivanidis, A., Kalantzi-Azizi, A., & Papadimitriou, G. N. (2018). Validation of the greek version of the Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form 3: Internal consistency reliability and validity. Psychiatrike = Psychiatriki, 29(3), 220–230. https://doi.org/10.22365/jpsych.2018.293.220
Mamsharifi, P., Farokhi, B., Hajipoor-Taziani, R., Alemi, F., Hazegh, P., Masoumzadeh, S., Jafari, L., Ghaderi, A., & Ghadami Dehkohneh, S. (2023). Nano-curcumin effects on nicotine dependence, depression, anxiety and metabolic parameters in smokers: A randomized double-blind clinical study. Heliyon, 9(11), e21249. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21249
Mirzakhani, K., Khadivzadeh, T., Faridhosseini, F., & Ebadi, A. (2020). Pregnant Women's Experiences of the Conditions Affecting Marital Well-Being in High-Risk Pregnancy: A Qualitative Study. International journal of community based nursing and midwifery, 8(4), 345–357. https://doi.org/10.30476/ijcbnm.2020.85666.1285
Pilkington, P. D., Karantzas, G. C., Faustino, B., & Pizarro-Campagna, E. (2023). Early maladaptive schemas, emotion regulation difficulties and alexithymia: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Clinical psychology & psychotherapy, 10.1002/cpp.2914. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2914
Pourshahabadi, F., & Einipour, J. (2020). The Effectiveness of Schema Therapy on Differentiation of Self and Emotional Control among Couples with Marital Maladjustment. International Journal of Applied Behavioral Sciences, 7(2), 18–29. https://doi.org/10.22037/ijabs.v7i2.28249
Romero-Acosta, K., Gómez-de-Regil, L., Lowe, G. A., Lipps, G. E., & Gibson, R. C. (2021). Parenting Styles, Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms in Child/Adolescent. International journal of psychological research, 14(1), 12–32. https://doi.org/10.21500/20112084.4704
Sánchez-Polán, M., Franco, E., Silva-José, C., Gil-Ares, J., Pérez-Tejero, J., Barakat, R., & Refoyo, I. (2021). Exercise During Pregnancy and Prenatal Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Frontiers in physiology, 12, 640024. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.640024
Sharma, A., & McClellan, J. (2021). Emotional and Behavioral Dysregulation in Severe Mental Illness. Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America, 30(2), 415–429. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chc.2020.10.010
Smith, A. L., Carvalho, A. F., & Solmi, M. (2024). Methodological concerns in umbrella review of serotonin and depression. Molecular psychiatry, 10.1038/s41380-024-02460-5. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-024-02460-5
Yaffe, Y. (2023). Systematic review of the differences between mothers and fathers in parenting styles and practices. Current psychology, 42(19), 16011-16024. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-020-01014-6
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