بررسی صفات بیوشیمیایی گونههای مختلف گیاه دارویی ختمی (Althaea L.)
الموضوعات :
سعیده صلواتی
1
,
مهدی کاکایی
2
1 - گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.
2 - گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: برگ ترکیبات بیوشیمیایی ختمی ساقه گل گونه,
ملخص المقالة :
ختمی یک گیاه زینتی و دارویی است که از خانواده پنیرکیان و جنس Althaea بوده و یکی از مهمترین منابع گیاهی ترکیبات آنتی اکسیدانی است. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی اثر تیمار نوع گونه و نوع اندام هوایی بر خصوصیات بیوشیمیایی این گیاه میباشد. این مطالعه بعد از شناسایی دقیق دو گونه از گیاه ختمی شامل Althaea rosea با گلهای قرمز رنگ و Althaea officinalis با گلهای سفید رنگ، که از رویشگاه شهرستان اسدآباد واقع در غرب استان همدان جمعآوری شده بودند انجام گرفت و برخی از صفات بیوشیمیایی شامل درصد پروتئین، پلی فنول کل، اسانس، فسفر، آهن، درصد ماده خشک، کربوهیدرات محلول، میزان مهار رادیکال آزاد دیفنیل پیکریل هیدرازیل، کلسیم، سدیم و پتاسیم در اندامهای هوایی این گیاه از جمله برگ، ساقه و گل اندازهگیری شد. نتایج نشان داد اثر گونهی گیاه بر درصد پروتئین، اثر نوع اندام بر درصد پروتئین، پلی فنول کل، اسانس، فسفر و آهن و نیز اثر متقابل هر دو تیمار بر درصد ماده خشک، کربوهیدرات محلول، میزان مهار دیفنیل پیکریل هیدرازیل و درصد کلسیم گیاه معنیدار بود. بیشترین میزان پروتئین، پلی فنول کل و آهن در اندام برگ و بیشترین مقدار اسانس و فسفر در اندام گل وجود داشت. بیشترین درصد ماده خشک و کربوهیدرات محلول، بهترتیب در گل و ساقهی ختمی گل قرمز و بیشترین درصد کلسیم و ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدانی، در برگ آن بهدست آمد. در نتیجه با شناخت هر یک از گونههای گیاه ختمی و نیز اندامهای هوایی این گیاه دارویی که در ذخیرهی ترکیب مورد نیاز موفقتر عمل میکنند میتوان در جهت کاهش هزینهها و تولید و بهرهبرداری بیشتر از تولیدات گیاهی دارویی در صنایع غذایی و داروسازی، گام برداشت.
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