تاثير سطوح مصرف کود اوره بر برخی صفات رویشی و زایشی آفتابگردان آجيلی رقم کانفتا
الموضوعات :
جواد پرو
1
(دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد زراعت واحد آستارا ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، آستارا – ايران.)
الکلمات المفتاحية: آفتابگردان, اوره, خوي و کانفتا.,
ملخص المقالة :
به منظور بررسی تاثير سطوح مصرف کود اوره بر برخی صفات آفتابگردان رقم کانفتا، آزمایشی طی ساا 931 در مزرعهاي واقع در روستاي بيزنده از توابع شهرستان خوي اجرا گردید. این آزمایش در قالب طرح بلوكهااي کاما تصادفی با سه تكرار اجرا شد. در این تحقيق کود اوره در هفت سطح )عدم مصرف کود نيتروژنه، مصرف 91 کيلاوگرم کمتر از توصيه کودي، مصرف 1 کيلوگرم کمتر از توصيه کودي، مصرف برابر با توصيه کودي، مصارف 1 کيلاوگرم بيشتر از توصيه کودي، مصرف 91 کيلوگرم بيشتر از توصيه کودي و مصرف 01 کيلوگرم بيشتر از توصيه کاودي ( باود . نتایج نشان داد که اوره بر صفات ارتفاع بوته، تعداد دانه پر، وزن صد دانه، عملكرد دانه و عملكرد بيولوژیا معنای دار بود. بيشترین ) 9 گرم در مترمربع( و کمترین ) 79 گرم در مترمربع( عملكرد دانه به ترتيب در تيمار مصارف اوره 91 کيلوگرم بيشتر از توصيه کودي و عدم مصرف کود نيتروژنه به دست آمد. مصرف کود نيتاروژن حتای بيشاتر از مقادار توصيه شده ) 1 کيلوگرم بيش از توصيه کودي( اثر مثبتی بر عملكرد و اجزاي عملكرد گياه دارد.
Abn Jalal, R., A. Barzgari, and N. Razayi. 2005. Soil physics base. Shaheid Chamran University Publisher, Iran. 266 Pp. (In Persian)
Alyari, H., F. Shakari and F. Shakari. 2000. Oil seeds (Agronomy and Physiology). Amidy Publication, Tabriz. 182 Pp. (In Persian)
Anonymous. 2012. WWW.May.com.tr
Asmaieli, M. 2000. Study of different nitrogen and potassium fertilizer levels effect on sunflower yield and quality. Agricultural Research Center Publisher, Zanjan. 51 Pp. (In Persian)
Bahrami, A., and Z. Tahmasebi-Sarvestani. 2006. Effect of rate and time of nitrogen fertilizer on yield, yield components and dry matter remobilization efficiency in two winter wheat cultivars. J. Agric Sci. 12 (2): 369- 377.
Bergland, R., and M. C. W. Denisa. 1999. Corn production for grain and silage. North Dakota State University Pablishd.
Cheema, M. A., and M. S. Malik-MA. 2001. Effect of row spacing and nitrogen management of agronomic traits and oil quality of canola (Brassica napus L.). Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Science. 38 (3- 4): 15- 18.
Crotser, P. M., and W. W. Witt. 2000. Effect of Glycine max canopy characteristics, G. max interference, and weed-free period on Solanum ptycanthum growth. Weed Sci. 48: 20- 26.
Daneshian, J. 2005. Study of sunflower varieties tolerance and sunflower lineage in drought stress. Institute of Improve Research and Seed and Tree Supply Final Report, Oily Seed Research. 48 Pp. (In Persian)
Dufault, R. J., J. Rushing., R. Hassal., B. M. Shepard., G. Mc Cutcheon., and B. Ward. 2003. Influence of fertilizer on growth and marker compound of field-grown Echinacea species and feverfew. Sci. Hort. 98: 61- 69.
Fageria, N. K., and V. C. Baligar. 2001. Low land rice response to nitrogen fertilization. Soil. Sci. Plant Anal. 32 (1&9):1405- 1429.
Fageria, N. K., and V. C. Baligar. 1996. Response of low land rice and common bean growing rotation to soil fertility levels on varzea soil. Fert. Res. 45: 13- 20.
Fageria, N. K., and V. C. Baligar. 2005. Enhancing nitrogen use efficiency in crop plants. Adv. Agron. 80: 97- 185.
Fatami Nagadeh, S. H., and A. Sroosh Zadeh. 2002a. Study of planting date and nitrogen and B foliar application effects in reproductive stages on soybean yield and
91 پرو و واحدي. تأثير مصرف كود اوره بر برخی صفات رويشی و زايشی ....
yield components. Iranian 7th Agronomy and Plant Breeding Conference, Institute of Improve Research and Seed and Tree Supply. Karaj. Iran (Abs.) Pp: 233. (In Persian)
Fatami Nagadeh, S. H., and A. Sroosh Zadeh. 2002b. Study of planting date and nitrogen and B foliar application effects in reproductive stages on soybean oil amount and seed yield protien. Iranian 7th Agronomy and Plant Breeding Conference, Institute of Improve Research and Seed and Tree Supply. Karaj. Iran (Abs.) Pp: 234. (In Persian)
Golchin, A. 2001. Study of different N fertilizer levels on sunflower yield. Agricultural Research Center, Zanjan, Iran. 50 Pp. (In Persian)
Hager. A. G., L. M. Wax., and G. A. Bollero. 2002. Common waterhemp (Amaranthus rudis) interference in soybean. Weed Sci. 50: 607- 610.
Halvorson, A. D., A. L. Black., J. M. Krupinsky., S. D. Merrill., and D. L. Tanaka. 1999. Sunflower response to tillage and nitrogen fertilization under intensive cropping in a wheat rotation. Agronomy Journal. 91: 637- 642.
Hauggaard-Nielsen. H., P. Ambus., and E. S. Jensen. 2001. Interspecific competition and N use interference with weeds in pea-barley intercropping. Field Crop Res. 70: 101- 109.
Hosayni Aymani, S. S. 2003. Study of transplanting effect, plant space and urea fertilizer on rice new variety (8008) growth indicate, yield and yield components. MS.c Thesis. Agriculture Collage, Mazandaran University. 97 Pp. (In Persian)
Jafari, F., H. Halaji., M. Yar niya., H. Alyari, and M. Vali Zadeh. 2006. Study of population effect on sunflower Var Azargol yield, morphological and phonological characters. Iranian 9th Agronomy and Plant Breeding Conference. Tehran University, Aborayhan Pardis. Iran (Abs.) Pp: 59. (In Persian)
Jaliliyan, J., S. A. M. Modares Sanavi., A. Asgar Zadeh, and M. Farshad Far. 2008. Effect of microbial inoculation and drought stress on sunflower fatty acid combination. Iranian 10th Agronomy and Plant Breeding Conference. Institute of Improve Research and Seed and Tree Supply. Karaj. Iran (Abs.) Pp: 6. (In Persian)
Kasem, M. M., and M. A. EL-Mesilhy. 1992. Effect of rates and application treatments of nitrogen fertilizer on sunflower (Heliuntus annuuus L.). 1. Growth characters. Annals of Agricultural Science Moshtohor. 30: 653- 663.
Khajepoor, M.R. 2005. Industrial plant. Jahad Daneshgahi Publisher, Esfahan Industrial University, Iran. 564 Pp. (In Persian)
Khaliq, A. 2004. Irrigation and nitrogen management effects on productivity of hybrid sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Agronomy, University of Agricultural Faisalabad. Pakistan.
Khold Barin, B., and Y. Eslam Zadeh. 2001. Plant minerals nutrition. Shiraz University Publication (No: 1). 500 Pp. (In Persian)
Kochaki, A, and J. Khalgani. 1996. Base of crop production (Eco-physiologic). Jahad Daneshgahi Publisher, Mashhad Ferdowsi University, Iran. 536 Pp. (In Persian)
Kochaki, A, and G. H. Sarmadniya. 2004. Crop physiology. Mashhad Jahad Daneshgahi Publisher, Iran. 400 Pp. (In Persian)
Kumar. N., and R. Prasad. 2004. Effect of levels and source of nitrogen on concentration and uptake of nitrogen by a high yielding and a hybrid of rice. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Sicence. 50: 447- 45.
Mojeri, A., and A. Arzani. 2003. The effect of nitrogen levels and plant population on yield and its components in sunflower. J. of Agriculture and nature Research. 7 (2): 115- 124. (In Persian)
Nahvi, M., M. Alah Goli Poor., M. Gorban Poor, H. Mehrgan. 2005. Planting space effect and nitrogen amount in rice Var. GRH1. J. Pagohesh and Sazandagi. 17 (66): 17- 33. (In Persian)
91 مجله پژوهش در علوم زراعی - سال ششم، شماره 23 ، بهار 9313
Nakasathein. S., W. D. Israel., F. R. Wilson., and P. Kwanyuen. 2000. Regulation of seed protein concentration in soybean by supra-optimal nitrogen supply. Crop Sci. 40: 1277- 1284.
Naseri, F. 1996. Oily seed. Astan Goods Razavi. 717 Pp. (In Persian)
Nawaz, N., G. Sarwar., M. Yousaf., T. Naseeb., A. Amir., and M. J. Shah. 2003. Yield and yield components of safflower as affected by various NPK levels. Asian Journal of Plant Science. 2 (7): 561- 562.
Omidy Ardali, G. A. and M. J. Malakoti. 2011. Drought stress effect, time and amount of nitrogen application on yield and yield component of sunflower in different growth stages. J. of Agriculture and nature Research, Soil and Water Research. 15 (55): 199- 207. (In Persian)
Ozer, H., T. Polat., and E. Ozturk. 2004. Response of irrigated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids to nitrogen fertilization: growth, yield and yield components. Plant Soil Environ. 50: 205- 211.
Rabiee, M., M. Kavoosi., and P. Tousi Kehal. 2010. Effect of nitrogen fertilizer levels and their application time on yield and yield components of repeseed in paddyfieields of Guilan. Pp. 308- 309. In: Proceedings of the 11th Iranian Crop Science Congress. Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran.
Ronald, B. P., and R. C. Robert. 2005. Influence of nitrogen fertilization on multi – cut forage sorghum- sudangrass yield and nitrogen use. Am. J. Agric. Res. 1493- 1501.
Sadeg Zadeh, H., A. Amini, and Kh. Mir Nia. 2002. Urea foliar application effect on soybean on after flowering stages. Iranian 7th Agronomy and Plant Breeding Conference, Institute of Improve Research and Seed and Tree Supply. Karaj. Iran (Abs.) Pp: 195. (In Persian)
Salehi, F., and M. J. Bahrani. 2000. Sunflower summer-planting yield as affected by plant population and nitrogen application rates. Iran Agric. Res. 18: 63- 72.
Salispoor, M. 2002. Study of urea foliar application effect mid Fnetretiyon on wheat seed protien increasing. Iranian 7th Agronomy and Plant Breeding Conference, Institute of Improve Research and Seed and Tree Supply. Karaj. Iran (Abs.) Pp: 184. (In Persian)
Scheinter. J. D., F. H. Gutierrez-Boem., and R. S. Lavado. 2002. Sunflower nitrogen requirement and 15N fertilizer recovery in Western Pampas, Argentina. European Journal of Agronomy. 17: 73- 79.
Schneider, A. A., and J. F. Miller. 1981. Description of sunflower growth stages. Crop Science. 21: 901- 903.
Seiler, G. J. 2007. Wild annual Helianthus anomalus and H. deserticola for improving oil content and quality in sunflower. Industrial Crops and Products. 25: 95- 100.
fertilizer application. J. Agric. Res. 2: 76- 78.
Steer, B. T., and G. I. Seiler. 1990. Changes in fatty acid composition of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seeds in response to time of nitrogen application, supply rates and defoliation. Journal of Science Food Agricalture. 51: 11- 26.
Steer, B. T., P. D. Coaldrake., C. J. Pearason., and C. P. Canty. 1986. Effect of nitrogen supply and population density on plant development and yield components of irrigated sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Field Crops Res. 13: 99- 115.
Toshih, V. 2002. Study of urea foliar application on dryland wheat in Kordestan. Iranian 7th Agronomy and Plant Breeding Conference, Institute of Improve Research and Seed and Tree Supply. Karaj. Iran (Abs.) Pp: 93. (In Persian)
Wiess, E. A. 2000. Oilseed Crops. Black well Sci. ltd London. 364 p.
