Black phosphorus mid infrared photodetector with circular Au/Pd antennas
الموضوعات : فصلنامه نانوساختارهای اپتوالکترونیکیsomaye jalaei 1 , javad karamdel 2 , Hassan Ghalami Bavil Olyaee 3
1 - Department of Electrical Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University,
Tehran, Iran
2 - Department of Electrical Engineering, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University,
Tehran, Iran
3 - Department of Physics, South Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
الکلمات المفتاحية: Bandgap, Black phosphorus, two-dimensional materials, photodetectors, antenna, medium wavelength,
ملخص المقالة :
Black phosphorus has been considered as one
of the most capable two-dimensional materials for use in
optoelectronic nanodevices due to its intrinsic layered
nature structure, high mobility of carrier, and tunable
bandgap. But its low light absorption prevents its use in
high-efficiency photodetectors. In this study, the circular
Au/Pd antenna-assisted black phosphorus mid-infrared
photodetector which significantly improves the detection
performance in comparison with BP photodetectors
without antenna has been proposed. By integrating a
circular Au/Pd antenna on the BP surface, the light-BP
interaction was significantly increased. The simulation
results demonstrate that metallic antenna structures
improve both light absorption and photocarrier collection
in BP phosphorus detectors. The numerical result shows
that the photocurrent of the mid-infrared antenna-assisted
BP detector was 5 times larger than that of BP
photodetector without antennas.
[1] S. Jeon, et al., Black phosphorus photodetector integrated with Au
nanoparticles. Appl. Phys. Lett. [Online]. 115(18) (2019, Oct) 183102.
Available: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5119833
[2] B. Deng, et al., Progress on black phosphorus photonics. Adv. Opt. Mater.
[Online] 6(19) (2018, Oct) 1800365. Available:
https://doi.org/10.1002/adom.201800365
[3] R. Irshad, et al., A revival of 2D materials, phosphorene: Its application as
sensors. Ind Eng Chem. [Online] 64 (2018, Aug) 60-9. Available:
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiec.2018.03.010
[4] PC. Debnath, K. Park, YW. Song. Recent Advances in
Black‐ Phosphorus‐ Based Photonics and Optoelectronics Devices. Small
Methods. [Online] 2(4) (2018, Apr) 1700315. Available:
https://doi.org/10.1002/smtd.201700315
[5] B. Deng, et al., Efficient electrical control of thin-film black phosphorus bandgap. Nat. Commun. [Online] 8(1) (2017, Apr) 1-7. Available: https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms14474
[6] N. Youngblood, M. Li. Ultrafast photocurrent measurements of a black phosphorus photodetector. Appl. Phys. Lett. [Online] 110(5) (2017, Jan) 051102. Available: https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4975360
[7] C. Li, et al., Tunable bandgap and optical properties of black phosphorene nanotubes. Materials. [Online] 11(2) (2018, Feb) 304. Available: https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11020304
[8] M. Akbari, R. Faez. A Computational Study on the Performance of Graphene Nanoribbon Field Effect Transistor. JOPN. [Online] 2(3) (2017, Aug) 1-2. Available: http://journals.miau.ac.ir/article_2427.html
[9] L. Huang, et al., Waveguide-integrated black phosphorus photodetector for mid-infrared applications. ACS nano. [Online] 13(1) (2018, Dec) 913-21. Available: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.8b08758
[10] M. Long, et al., Progress, challenges, and opportunities for 2D material-based photodetectors. Adv. Funct. Mater. [Online] 29(19) (2019, May) 1803807. Available: https://doi.org/10.1002/adfm.201803807
[11] K. Cho, J. Yang, Y. Lu. Phosphorene: An emerging 2D material. J. Mater. Res. [Online] 32(15) (2017, Aug) 2839-47. Available: https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2017.71
[12] L. Huang, et al., Infrared black phosphorus phototransistor with tunable responsivity and low noise equivalent power. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. [Online] 9(41) (2017, Oct) 36130-6. Available: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b09713
[13] X. Wang, S. Lan. Optical properties of black phosphorus. Adv. Opt. Photonics. [Online] 8(4) (2016, Dec) 618-55. Available: https://doi.org/10.1364/AOP.8.000618
[14] T. Liu, et al., Black phosphorus-based anisotropic absorption structure in the mid-infrared. Opt. Express. [Online] 27(20) (2019, Sep) 27618-27. Available: https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.27.027618
[15] X. Chen, et al., Widely tunable black phosphorus mid-infrared photodetector. Nat. Commun. [Online] 8(1) (2017, Nov) 1-7. Available: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-017-01978-3
[16] M. Amani, et al., Mid-wave infrared photoconductors based on black phosphorus-arsenic alloys. ACS nano. [Online] 11(11) (2017, Nov) 11724-31. Available: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.7b07028
[17] S. Zhang, et al., Simulation investigation of strained black phosphorus photodetector for middle infrared range. Opt. Express. [Online] 25(20) (2017, Oct) 24705-13. Available: https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.25.024705
[18] M. Mansuri, et al., Numerical modeling of a nanostructure gas sensor based on plasmonic effect. JOPN. [Online] 4(2) (2019, May) 29-44. Available: http://jopn.miau.ac.ir/article_3476.html
[19] Q. Guo, et al., Black phosphorus mid-infrared photodetectors with high gain. Nano Lett. [Online] 16(7) (2016, Jul) 4648-55. Available: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b01977
[20] M. Xu, et al., Black phosphorus mid-infrared photodetectors. Appl. Phys. B. [Online] 123(4) )2017, Apr) 130. Available: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00340-017-6698-7
[21] TY. Chang, et al., Ultra-broadband, high speed, and high-quantum-efficiency photodetectors based on black phosphorus. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. [Online] 12(1) (2019, Dec) 1201-9. Available: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.9b13472
[22] X. Zong, et al., Black phosphorus-based van der Waals heterostructures for mid-infrared light-emission applications. Light Sci. Appl. [Online] 9(1) (2020, Jul) 1-8. Available: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-020-00356-x
[23] L. Ye, et al., Highly polarization sensitive infrared photodetector based on black phosphorus-on-WSe2 photogate vertical heterostructure. Nano Energy. [Online] 37(2017, Jul) 53-60. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nanoen.2017.05.004
[24] Y. Liu, et al., Highly responsive broadband black phosphorus photodetectors. Chin. Opt. Lett. [Online] 16(2) (2018, Feb) 020002. Available: https://www.osapublishing.org/col/abstract.cfm?URI=col-16-2-020002
[25] J. Wu, et al., Colossal ultraviolet photoresponsivity of few-layer black phosphorus. ACS nano. [Online] 9(8) (2015, Aug) 8070-7. Available: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5b01922
[26] M. Huang, et al., Broadband black‐phosphorus photodetectors with high responsivity. Adv. Mater. [Online] 28(18) (2016, May) 3481-5. Available: https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201506352
[27] R. Kochar, S. Choudhary. MoS 2/phosphorene heterostructure for optical absorption in visible region. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. [Online] 54(4) (2018, Jun) 1-6. Available: 10.1109/JQE.2018.2850450.
[28] YM. Qing, HF. Ma, TJ. Cui. Tailoring anisotropic perfect absorption in monolayer black phosphorus by critical coupling at terahertz frequencies. Opt. Express. [Online] 26(25) (2018, Dec) 32442-50. Available: https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.26.032442
[29] D. Dong, et al., Designing a nearly perfect infrared absorber in monolayer black phosphorus. Appl. Opt. [Online] 58(14) (2019, May) 3862-9. Available: https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.58.003862
[30] T. Liu, et al., Black phosphorus-based anisotropic absorption structure in the mid-infrared. Opt. Express. [Online] 27(20) (2019, Sep) 27618-27. Available: https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.27.027618
[31] R. Audhkhasi, ML. Povinelli. Gold-black phosphorus nanostructured absorbers for efficient light trapping in the mid-infrared. Opt. Express. [Online] 28(13) (2020, Jun) 19562-70. Available: https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.398641
[32] N. Sefidmooye Azar, et al., Long-Wave Infrared Photodetectors Based on 2D Platinum Diselenide atop Optical Cavity Substrates. ACS nano. [Online] 15(4) (2021, Mar) 6573-81. Available: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.0c09739
[33] CH. Liu, et al., Graphene photodetectors with ultra-broadband and high responsivity at room temperature. Nat. Nanotechnol. [Online] 9(4) (2014, Apr) 273-8. Available: https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2014.31
[34] S. Salimpour, H.Rasooli. Impressive reduction of dark current in InSb infrared photodetector to achieve high temperature performance. JOPN. [Online] (2018, Oct) 3(4) 81-96. Available: http://jopn.miau.ac.ir/article_3265.html
[35] M. Hasani, R. Chegell. Electronic and Optical Properties of the Graphene and Boron Nitride Nanoribbons in Presence of the Electric Field. JOPN. [Online] 5(2) (2020, May) 49-64. Available: http://jopn.miau.ac.ir/article_4218.html
[36] Y. Yao, et al., High-responsivity mid-infrared graphene detectors with antenna-enhanced photocarrier generation and collection. Nano Lett. [Online] 14(7) (2014, Jul 9) 3749-54. Available: https://doi.org/10.1021/nl500602n
[37] M. Riaz, et al., Computer analysis of microcrystalline silicon hetero-junction solar cell with lumerical FDTD/DEVICE. Int. J. Comput. Mater. Sci. Eng. [Online] 6(03) (2017, Sep) 1750017. Available: https://doi.org/10.1142/S2047684117500178
[38] S. Jalaei, J. Karamdel, H. Ghalami-Bavil-Olyaee. Mid‐Infrared Photodetector Based on Selenium‐Doped Black Phosphorus. Phys. Status Solidi A. [Online] 217(23) (2020, Dec) 2000483. Available: https://doi.org/10.1002/pssa.202000483
[39] F. Ostovari, MK. Moravvej-Farshi. Photodetectors with armchair graphene nanoribbons and asymmetric source and drain contacts. Appl. Surf. Sci. [Online] 318 (2014, Nov) 108-12. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2014.01.117
[40] AN. Rudenko, S. Yuan, MI. Katsnelson. Toward a realistic description of multilayer black phosphorus: From g w approximation to large-scale tight-binding simulations. Phys. Rev. B. [Online] 92(8) (2015, Aug) 085419. Available: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.92.085419
[41] S. Datta. Nanoscale device modeling: the green’s function method. Superlattices Microstruct. [Online] 28(4) (2000, Oct) 253-78. Available: https://doi.org/10.1006/spmi.2000.0920
[42] M. Zavvari, Y.Zehforoosh. Study of Photo-Conductivity in MoS2 Thin Films Grown in Low-Temperature Aqueous Solution Bath. JOPN. [Online] 4(4) (2019, Dec) 53-64. Available: http://jopn.miau.ac.ir/article_3760_
[43] M. Long, et al., Room temperature high-detectivity mid-infrared photodetectors based on black arsenic phosphorus. Sci. Adv. [Online] 3(6) (2017, Jun) 1700589. Available: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700589
[44] Y. Cai, G. Zhang, YW. Zhang. Layer-dependent band alignment and work function of few-layer phosphorene. Sci. Rep. [Online] 4(1) (2014, Oct) 1-6. Available: https://doi.org/10.1038/srep06677
[45] Z. Nie, et al., Ultrafast photocarrier recombination dynamics in black phosphorus-molybdenum disulfide (BP/MoS2) heterostructure. arXiv preprint arXiv. [Online] 1811.04706. (2018, Nov) Available: https://arxiv.org/abs/1811.04706.
[46] L. Huang, et al., Infrared black phosphorus phototransistor with tunable responsivity and low noise equivalent power. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. [Online] 9(41) (2017, Oct) 36130-6. Available: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.7b09713
