راهحلهای بهبود ارزشیابی تکوینی در محیطهای یادگیری الکترونیکی
الموضوعات :حامد عباسی کسانی 1 , غلامرضا شمس مورکانی 2 , فرهاد سراجی 3
1 - دانش آموخته دکتری فناوری اطلاعات در آموزش عالی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.
2 - دانشیار رشته مدیریت آموزشی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران.
3 - دانشیار رشته برنامه‌ریزی درسی، دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: ارزشیابی, یادگیری الکترونیکی, ارزشیابی تکوینی,
ملخص المقالة :
مقدمه و هدف: ارزشیابی و بخصوص ارزشیابی تکوینی در یادگیری الکترونیکی دارای نقاط ضعف و آسیبهایی است که نیازمند ارائه راهحلهایی جهت بهبود آن است. بنابراین، پژوهش حاضر با هدف ارائه راهحلهایی جهت بهبود ارزشیابی تکوینی در محیطهای یادگیری الکترونیکی انجام گرفت.
روش شناسی پژوهش: روش این پژوهش به لحاظ هدف، کاربردی و به لحاظ نحوه گردآوری اطلاعات از نوع کیفی بود. شرکت کنندگان در پژوهش نیز شامل اساتید مراکز یادگیری الکترونیکی بود که 13 نفر از آنها با استفاده از روش نمونهگیری هدفمند در دسترس به عنوان نمونه پژوهش انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری دادهها نیز مصاحبه نیمهساختارمند بود. همچنین جهت تجزیه و تحلیل دادهها از روش کدگذاری تحلیل مضمون استفاده گردید.
یافته ها: یافته های پژوهش نشان داد که اساتید مراکز یادگیری الکترونیکی جهت بهبود ارزشیابی تکوینی در نظام یادگیری الکترونیکی 10 راهحل اصلی ارائه کردند که عبارتند از: «بکارگیری ابزارهای مختلف ارزشیابی تکوینی»، «بازخورددهی مناسب»، «احراز هویت دانشجویان»، «استفاده اثربخش از ارائه های کلاسی»، «مدیریت تکالیف و فعالیتها»، «اجرای مؤثر آزمونهای آنلاین»، «مدیریت بحثهای کلاسی»، «تهیه برنامه ارزشیابی دانشجویان»، «مدیریت تمرینها و پروژهها»، و «گزارشگیری تحلیلی و مقایسهای».
بحث و نتیجه گیری: جهت بهبود کیفیت ارزشیابی تکوینی و یادگیری دانشجویان باید به راهحلهای شناسایی شده توجه شود و شرایط برای عملی شدن آنها فراهم شود.
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