خشونت در روابط عاشقانه: مروری سیستماتیک
الموضوعات : فصلنامه زن و جامعهمنا صمدزاده 1 , خدابخش احمدی 2 , علیرضا کیامنش 3
1 - دانش آموختهی دکتری، گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد واحد علوم و تحقیقات، تهران، ایران
2 - دانشیار مرکز تحقیقات علوم رفتاریدانشگاهعلومپزشکیبقیهالله(عج)، تهران، ایران
3 - دانشیار گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی،تهران، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: «پرخاشگری», «خشونت عاشقانه», « زوجین», «مرور سیستماتیک»,
ملخص المقالة :
مطالعه حاضر با هدف شناخت علل خشونت در روابط عاشقانه با بهرهگیری از روش مرور سیستماتیک انجام شد. این موضوع از آنجایی اهمیت پیدا میکند که خشونت در روابط زناشویی اگرچه تاثیرات مخرب و بلند مدتی دارد، معمولا از سوی زوجین نادیده گرفته میشود. این مطالعه از نوع مطالعات ثانویه است و با توجه به روش اجرا مرور سیستماتیک تلقی میشود. جامعه آماری پایگاههای اطلاعاتی و مطالعاتی است که از جوانب مختلف به موضوع پرخاشگری زوجین در بازهی زمانی 1978 تــا 2018 میلادی پرداختهاند. بر اساس معیار جداد، مطالعاتی که نمره 3 و یا بیشتر گرفتند وارد مطالعه شدند. تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها به صورت کیفی انجام شد .در نهایت64 کارآزمایی شامل 25 مقاله ایرانی و 39 مقاله خارجی که دارای معیار ورود به مطالعه بودند، بررسی شدند. نتایج چهار گروه عامل اصلی را نشان داد، که عبارتند از: عوامل «فردی» که افراد با خود به رابطه میآورند (مانند، مشاهدهی پرخاشگری در دوران کودکی)، عوامل مربوط به «بافت تعاملی زوجین» و یا «عوامل بین فردی» (مانند، اختلاف در قدرت، جنسیتگرایی، الگوهای ارتباطی، دلبستگی و سلطهطلبی)، سوم، عوامل «غیرفردی» هستند (مانند سطح تحصیلات، سن و مشکلات مالی و اقتصادی، روابط فرا زناشویی، چندهمسری)، که بیشتر مورد توجه پژوهشگران ایرانی بوده است. مطابق با نتایح، مطالعه حاضر با روش مرور سیستماتیک به سه دسته از عوامل «فردی»، «بین فردی»، و «غیرفردی» اشاره کرد که مقالات مختلف در تبیین پرخاشگری به آن پرداختهاند، در نتیجه میتوان گفت نقش عوامل ساختاری و کارکردی در تبیین پرخاشگری زوجین در مطالعات خالی است و نیاز به تلاش آتی دارد.
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