عملکرد زنان به عنوان عامل جبران کننده در اقتصاد خانوار، تحلیل کیفی روایتهای زنان متأهل در شهر مشهد مبتنی بر نظریهی زمینهای
الموضوعات : فصلنامه زن و جامعه
مهدی کرمانی
1
(استادیار گروه علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد)
احمد رضا اصغرپور ماسوله
2
(استادیار گروه علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد)
فاطمه آسمانی
3
(دانشجوی پژوهشگری علوم اجتماعی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد)
الکلمات المفتاحية: زنان, درآمد, پس انداز, عامل جبران کننده, اقتصاد خانوار,
ملخص المقالة :
مطالعات مختلف مؤید ارزیابی تناقض آلود موقعیت زنان در نهاد خانواده است که در عین ایفای نقش گسترده از سوی ایشان در عرصههای مختلف زندگی خانوادگی، عملا سهم زیادی از آن نادیده گرفته میشود. پژوهش حاضر، با هدف واکاوی این فرایند مبتنی بر ادراکات و تجارب زیستهی زنان در قالبی ژرفانگر طراحی و اجرا شده است. روش انجام پژوهش کیفی و مبتنی بر نظریهی زمینهای بودهاست. دادهها از طریق مصاحبههای نیمهساختاریافته با چهارده زن متأهل خانهدار و شاغل مشهدی بهدست آمده است. کدگذاری و تجزیه و تحلیل متن مصاحبهها در قالب رویکرد سه مرحلهای استراوس وکربین، منجر به صورتبندی پدیدهی مرکزی تحت عنوان «عملکرد زنان به عنوان عامل جبران کننده در اقتصاد خانوار» شد. این پدیده با مجموعهای از شرایط زمینهای از قبیل تجربهی حضور در محیطهای اجتماعی و فرهنگی مختلف و الگوی ناظر بر تقسیم کار جنسیتی، شرایط علّی همچون الگو و میزان درآمد و پسانداز و شرایط مداخلهای مانند شرایط اجتماعی اقتصادی خانوادهی پدری و ویژگیهای واحد زناشویی، احاطه شده بود. زنان در برابر این پدیده راهبردهایی از جمله هزینهکردهای خیرخواهانه، هزینهکردهای ضروری و هزینهکردهای سرمایهای اتخاذ میکردهاند که پیامدهایی از قبیل اقتصادزدایی از روابط انسانی در خانواده و گذار کم هزینه از بحرانهای اقتصادی را بهدنبال داشته است.
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