نگاهی گفتمانی به برساخت مفهوم ازدواج در ایران قبل از انقلاب با تاکید بر برساخت «زن مطلوب»

الموضوعات : فصلنامه زن و جامعه

سید علی اصغر سلطانی ¹ (هیئت علمی)
سیده فاطمه آقامیری ² (دانشجو دکترا)

تاريخ الإرسال : 28 الإثنين , محرم, 1440 تاريخ التأكيد : 26 الإثنين , ربيع الثاني, 1441 تاريخ الإصدار : 25 الأحد , ربيع الثاني, 1441

الکلمات المفتاحية: ازدواج, تحلیل گفتمان, ایران پیش از انقلاب, زن مطلوب,

ملخص المقالة :

در دوره­ی پهلوی (1941- 1979) در ایران جریانات مدرنیته و تلاش‌های فمینیستی در تقابل با اندیشه‌های روحانیت و هم­چنین روشن‌فکری دینی قرار گرفتند. در این مقاله نویسندگان با نگاهی گفتمانی، چهار کتاب قبل از انقلاب را انتخاب کردند تا به این سؤالات پاسخ دهند که چه گفتمان‌هایی از ازدواج و زن مطلوب برای ازدواج در آن دوره وجود داشته است و آیا تغییرات اجتماعی و فرهنگی بر گفتمان ازدواج هم تأثیر داشته‌اند یا خیر. برای بررسی این متون، از نظریه­ی گفتمان لاکلاو و موفه (1985) و نشانه‌شناسی گفتمانی (Soltani, 2015) به‌‌مثابه­ی چارچوب نظری و روش استفاده شد. یافته‌های این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که گفتمان دینی اسلامی با نگاهی ذات‌گرایانه به ازدواج، تولید مثل را از اهداف مهم در آن می‌داند و زن مطلوب را برای ازدواج، زنی قلمداد می‌کند که خویشتن­دار، لطیف، تأمین‌کننده­ی نیاز جنسی مرد و مادری فداکاری باشد. به‌علاوه، گفتمان عمومی نیز نگاهی ذات‌گریانه به امر ازدواج داشته است و زن مطلوب را زنی زیبا، باوقار و رئیس خانه می‌داند. این دو گفتمان تنها تحت‌تأثیر گفتمان روحانیت هستند.

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