نگاهی گفتمانی به برساخت مفهوم ازدواج در ایران قبل از انقلاب با تاکید بر برساخت «زن مطلوب»
الموضوعات : فصلنامه زن و جامعهسید علی اصغر سلطانی 1 , سیده فاطمه آقامیری 2
1 - هیئت علمی
2 - دانشجو دکترا
الکلمات المفتاحية: ازدواج, تحلیل گفتمان, ایران پیش از انقلاب, زن مطلوب,
ملخص المقالة :
در دورهی پهلوی (1941- 1979) در ایران جریانات مدرنیته و تلاش‌های فمینیستی در تقابل با اندیشه‌های روحانیت و همچنین روشن‌فکری دینی قرار گرفتند. در این مقاله نویسندگان با نگاهی گفتمانی، چهار کتاب قبل از انقلاب را انتخاب کردند تا به این سؤالات پاسخ دهند که چه گفتمان‌هایی از ازدواج و زن مطلوب برای ازدواج در آن دوره وجود داشته است و آیا تغییرات اجتماعی و فرهنگی بر گفتمان ازدواج هم تأثیر داشته‌اند یا خیر. برای بررسی این متون، از نظریهی گفتمان لاکلاو و موفه (1985) و نشانه‌شناسی گفتمانی (Soltani, 2015) به‌‌مثابهی چارچوب نظری و روش استفاده شد. یافته‌های این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که گفتمان دینی اسلامی با نگاهی ذات‌گرایانه به ازدواج، تولید مثل را از اهداف مهم در آن می‌داند و زن مطلوب را برای ازدواج، زنی قلمداد می‌کند که خویشتندار، لطیف، تأمین‌کنندهی نیاز جنسی مرد و مادری فداکاری باشد. به‌علاوه، گفتمان عمومی نیز نگاهی ذات‌گریانه به امر ازدواج داشته است و زن مطلوب را زنی زیبا، باوقار و رئیس خانه می‌داند. این دو گفتمان تنها تحت‌تأثیر گفتمان روحانیت هستند.
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