تحلیل فضایی-کالبدی بافت فرسوده بندر بوشهر، نمونه موردی: محله جفره بندر بوشهر
الموضوعات : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهریسید نورالدین امیری 1 , مهسا دهقانیان 2
1 - عضو هیات علمی دانشکده هنر و معماری . دانشگاه خلیج فارس . بوشهر .ایران
2 - دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد برنامه‌ریزی منطقه‌ای، دانشگاه شیراز، شیراز، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: بافت فرسوده, بهسازی و نوسازی, تحلیل فضایی-کالبدی, محله جفره بندر بوشهر,
ملخص المقالة :
ممکن است موجب بروز مشکلات در آن و حرکت آن به‌سوی نقطه پایانی شود و همچنین واقعیتی است که تاکنون بیشتر شهرهای با سابقه و تاریخی ایران، تحت تأثیر آن قرار گرفتـه انـد. گاه در برخورد با پدیده و گاه در قیاس با آن است که می‌توان به فرسایش، ضعف و کاهش کارایی آن پی برد. بافت های شهری در انواع گوناگون (تاریخی، فرسوده، حاشیه‌ای یا اسکان‌های غیررسمی) نیازمند اقدامات همه‌جانبه برای احیای توسعه و ساماندهی و به تجدید حیات شهری است که از دلائل آن می‌توان به فرسودگی و نارسایی کالبدی، کمبود خدمات و زیرساخت‌های شهری مناسب، شرایط نامطلوب زیست‌محیطی و انواع مسائل اجتماعی- فرهنگی و اقتصادی اشاره کرد. نارسایی بافت فرسوده شامل عرض کم گذر، کمبود تأسیسات زیربنایی یا نبود آن‌ها، تعداد زیاد ساختمان‌های کم‌دوام، ارزش پایین ملک، ناامنی و معضلات اجتماعی- فرهنگی هست. نا مقاوم بودن مصالح ساختمانی و فقر ساکنان بخش‌هایی از بافت فرسوده شهر بوشهر موجب فرسودگی بیشتر کالبد بافت فرسوده این شهر می‌شود. هدف پژوهش، ارائه تسهیلات برای بهسازی و نوسازی و بازسازی بافت این محله است. برای بررسی مسائل مطرح شده، از روش پیمایشی، توصیفی- تحلیلی استفاده‌شده و به‌منظور شناخت ویژگی‌های این بافت و کاربست روش تحلیل عاملی، 100 پرسشنامه توزیع‌شده و شاخص‌ها در قالب پرسشنامه موردسنجش قرارگرفته است و برای تجزیه‌وتحلیل بهتر از نرم‌افزارهای ARC GIS، SPSS استفاده‌شده است. اطلاعات مستخرج از پرسشنامه‌ها در نرم‌افزار SPSS وارد می‌شود و ماتریس اولیه تشکیل می‌شود که از 40 شاخص مطرح‌شده در پرسشنامه تنها 11 عامل آن به‌عنوان عامل اصلی مطرح‌شده است که از میان 11 عامل، عامل اول با واریانس 26.970 از واریانس 68.932 مؤثرترین عامل محسوب می‌شود و عامل 11 به‌عنوان عامل کم‌اهمیت‌تر با 2.852 از واریانس کل محسوب می‌شود. نتایج این پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که تاکنون طرح نوسازی و بهسازی در بافت فرسوده شهر در برخی مناطق اجرایی شده است و در سایر مناطق به علت شرایط اقتصادی ساکنین و عدم بهره‌برداری صحیح از زمین‌های بایر طرح تاکنون اجرانشده است. تحلیل‌های نهایی در این پژوهش، بـه راهکارها و پیشنهاد‌های رهگشـا برای اصلاح و بهبود بافت فرسوده‌ی شهری در محله جفره شهر بوشهر منجر شده که در متن مقاله به‌تفصیل آمده است.
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