مدلسازی اثرات شاخصهای توسعه اقتصادی در مناطق 22 گانه کلانشهر تهران
الموضوعات : فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی پژوهش و برنامه ریزی شهریآرمان مسلمی 1 , جمیله توکلی نیا 2 , زهره فنی 3 , لطفعلی کوزه گر کالجی 4
1 - دانشجوی دکترا جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری دانشگاه شهید بهشتی
2 - دانشیار گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران
3 - استاد، گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران
4 - استادیار گروه جغرافیای انسانی، دانشکده علوم زمین، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران
الکلمات المفتاحية: توسعه اقتصادی, شهر تهران, سطحبندی, پراکندگی, اقتصادی شهری,
ملخص المقالة :
از مهمترین و پیچیدهترین تحولات در نیمقرن اخیر رشد سریع شهرنشینی و مشکلاتی است که در سر راه توسعه شهرهای کمتر توسعهیافته و یا بیشتر توسعهیافته وجود دارد. نابرابری در برخورداری از شاخصهای توسعه اقتصادی شهری، ساختار فضایی شهر را دچار تغییر و تحول میکند؛ هدف پژوهش حاضر مدلسازی اثرات شاخصهای توسعه اقتصادی در مناطق 22 گانه کلانشهر تهران است. پژوهش حاضر بر اساس هدف از نوع تحقیقات کاربردی و بر اساس ماهیت و روش از نوع تحقیقات توصیفی- تحلیلی بوده است. روش گردآوری دادهها بهصورت میدانی (پرسشنامه) جمعآوریشده است. جامعه آماری این پژوهش را کلیه شهروندان کلانشهر تهران در سال 1400 که طبق فرمول کوکران 384 نفر بهعنوان نمونه بهطور تصادفی مورد پرسش قرار گرفتند، روایی پرسشنامه توسط پانل متخصصان مورد تأیید قرار گرفت و برای ارزیابی متغیرهای تحقیق و پایایی سؤالات از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ استفادهشده است که پایایی پرسشنامه شهروندان و خبرگان به ترتیب با مقادیر 90/0 و 93/0 تائید شده است. پس از انجام مطالعات میدانی، برای جمعآوری دادهها و تجزیهوتحلیل اطلاعات از روشهای آماری (تحلیل عاملی و تحلیل همبستگی) با استفاده از نرمافزار SPSS انجام شد علاوه بر این از مدل معادلات ساختاری (SEM) با استفاده از روش حداقل مربعات جزئی در نرمافزار (SMART PLS3) استفادهشده همچنین جهت سطحبندی مناطق در میزان برخورداری از شاخصهای توسعه اقتصادی از تکنیک AHP و نرمافزار Expert Choice استفادهشده است.نتایج حاصل از تحلیل عاملی نشان داد که چهار عامل شناساييشده توانستهاند 75% واريانس اثرات شاخصهای توسعه اقتصادی بر مناطق 22 گانه کلانشهر تهران را تبيين نمايند. نتایج بهدستآمده از معادلات ساختاری نشان داد که بین کلیهی شاخصهای توسعه اقتصادی ضرایب T بین شاخصهای (رفاهی –تجاری، صنعتی، منابع و معادن و کالا- خدمات) بالای 1.96 هستند یعنی ارتباط بین ابعاد متغیر مستقل و وابسته در جامعه نمونه با اطمینان 99 درصد تائید میشود. نتایج بهدستآمده از تکنیک AHP در نرمافزار Expert Choice نشان داد که بالاترین نمره شاخص توسعه اقتصادی به منطقه 3 شهری تهران و در مقابل پایینترین ضریب به منطقه 17 تعلق دارد.
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