آنتی بیوتیک‌ها، مسیرهای انتشار و روش‌های نوین حذف آنها از محیط‌های آبی

الموضوعات :

فاطمه کارگر ¹ , اکرم بمانی ² , محمد حسین صیادی ³ , نجمه احمدپور ⁴

1 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد رشته علوم و مهندسی محیط زیست، گروه علوم و مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران
2 - دانشیار گروه علوم و مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه اردکان، اردکان، ایران
3 - دانشیار گروه کشاورزی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید باهنر کرمان، کرمان، ایران
4 - دانش آموخته دکتری رشته محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و محیط زیست، دانشگاه بیرجند، ایران

تاريخ الإرسال : 20 السبت , رجب, 1444 تاريخ التأكيد : 12 الأربعاء , ربيع الأول, 1445 تاريخ الإصدار : 11 السبت , شوال, 1445

الکلمات المفتاحية: آنتی‌بیوتیک, آلاینده‌های نوظهور, لجن فعال, اکسیداسیون‌های پیشرفته, تصفیه آب,

ملخص المقالة :

مقدمه: در سال‌های اخیر مصرف آنتی‌بیوتیک ها به علت مصارف بهداشتی در ارتباط با سلامت انسان و دام به‌طور قابل توجهی در سراسر جهان افزایش یافته است. حضور این ترکیبات حتی در مقادیر بسیار کم نیز می تواند اثرات نامطلوبی بر محیط‎زیست و موجودات زنده داشته باشد. هدف از این مطالعه مروری بر فناوری‌های مختلف برای حذف آنتی بیوتیک‌ها از محیط‌های آبی با تاکید بر فن‌آوری های جدید می باشد.

مواد و روش ها: در این مطالعه مروری برای دستیابی به مطالب به‌روز و معتبر از مطالعات کتابخانه‌ای و مقالات موجود در پایگاه‌های اطلاعاتی Google Scholar، Science direct، Springer، Scopus، Elsevier و PubMed کمک گرفته شد

نتایج و بحث: نتایج نشان داد که سیستم‌های بیوراکتور غشایی در بین روش‌های بیولوژیکی علی‌رغم هزینه بالا به‌سبب استفاده از فیلتراسیون، پساب با کیفیت‌تری تولید می کنند و نسبت به سایر سیستم‌های تصفیه بیولوژیکی موثرتر هستند. همچنین بررسی روش‌های بیولوژیکی نشان داد که راندمان حذف آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها از 40 تا 95 درصد متغیر بود. روش‌های اکسیداسیون پیشرفته در سال‌های اخیر گزینه مناسبی برای حذف آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها هستند که قادر به حذف کامل آنتی‌بیوتیک‌ها می‌باشند، همچنین فناوری ارزان و دوستدار محیط زیست می‌باشند.

نتیجه گیری: در این بررسی، تعدادی از فناوری‌های تصفیه آلاینده‌های آنتی بیوتیکی و مزایا و معایب آنها مورد بررسی قرار گرفت و نشان داد که فناوری‌های بیولوژیکی و فیزیکو شیمیایی خصوصا فرآیندهای اکسیداسیون پیشرفته قادر به حذف آلاینده‌های دارویی می‌باشند. اگرچه کاتالیزورهای نوری با موفقیت برای تصفیه فاضلاب در مقیاس آزمایشگاهی توسعه یافته‌اند، اما نیازمند تحقیقات گسترده‌تری تا تجاری‌سازی از این فرآیندها صورت می‌باشد

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