اولویتبندی بیماریهای قارچ خوراکی Agaricus bisporus در استانهای تهران و البرز با استفاده از روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP)
الموضوعات : دو فصلنامه تحقیقات بیماریهای گیاهیزینب نمازی 1 , نادر حسن زاده 2 , جواد رزمی 3
1 - دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
2 - دانشیار، گروه بیماری شناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
3 - مربی، گروه بیماریشناسی گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: Agaricus bisporus, Pseudomonas tolaasii, قارچ دکمهای, تحلیل سلسله مراتبی (AHP), Mycogone perniciosa,
ملخص المقالة :
قارچ خوراکی دکمهای (Agaricus bisporus) یکی از محصولات غذایی و دارویی حاوی انواع ویتامینها و املاح معدنی است که از تأمینکنندگان پروتئین و کالری موردنیاز افراد جامعه بهحساب میآید. با تشخیص ارزش بالای قارچهای خوراکی و توسعه کشت و پرورش این نوع قارچ، مدیریت واحدهای پرورش ازنظر کنترل بیماریها حائز اهمیت است. انواع بیماریها، خسارت قابلتوجهی را به پرورشدهندگان تحمیل مینمایند. لذا تعیین اولویتهای مبارزه با عوامل بیماریزای قارچ خوراکی ضروری است. بدین منظور با انتخاب روش تحلیل سلسله مراتبی به ارزشگذاری هریک از بیماریهای شایع در استانهای تهران و البرز با استفاده از شاخصهای تعیینشده پرداخته شد. طراحی پرسشنامه با استفاده از معیارهایی چون کیفیت و بازارپسندی، مدت نگهداری، هزینه کنترل بیماری، امکان کنترل بیضرر و میزان شیوع بیماری وغیره انجام پذیرفت. نتایج حاصل از مدل AHP (Analytical Hierarchy Process) نشان داد، با توجه به خروجی پرسشنامههای تکمیل شده توسط تولیدکنندگان قارچ، اساتید و متخصصان و مصرفکنندگان، بیماری باکتریایی لکه قهوهای در استانهای البرز و تهران با وزن 39% نیاز به بالاترین کنترل و مبارزه داشته و بیماری قارچی حبابتر با 33% در رتبه دوم قرار دارد. در انتها نیز بیماری باکتریایی مومی (Pseudomonas spp.) با 19 درصد و بیماری کپک سبز با نزدیک به 8 درصد از کل اوزان قرار دارند. این نتایج نشاندهنده بیشترین سطح خسارتزایی در دو بیماری لکه قهوهای باکتریایی و حبابتر و لزوم توجه به آنها نسبت به دیگر بیماریهای شایع در این منطقه است. همچنین بیماری کپک سبز با توجه به نتایج تحلیل سلسله مراتبی، کماهمیتترین بیماری در منطقه مورد مطالعه محسوب میگردد.
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