بررسی روابط میان هوش موفق با تعالی خود و نشاط ذهنی: نقش میانجی خردمندی
الموضوعات :
1 - استادیار گروه آموزش علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران.
2 - استادیار گروه آموزش مشاوره، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: تعالی خود, خردمندی, نشاط ذهنی و هوش¬موفق ,
ملخص المقالة :
مقدمه: از جمله شاخص‌های سلامت روان، تعالی خود و نشاط ذهنی هستند که شناخت عوامل پیش-بینی‌کننده آنها از اهمیت بالای برخوردار است. بر این اساس، پژوهش پیش‌رو با هدف بررسی نقش واسطه‌ای خردمندی در رابطه بین هوش موفق با تعالی خود و نشاط ذهنی در قالب یک الگوی علی انجام شد.
روش: روش پژوهش حاضر، توصیفی از نوع همبستگی و مدل‌یابی ساختاری و نمونه پژوهش شامل262 (159زن و103مرد) دانشجوی مقطع کارشناسی در سال 1402-1401 بودند که با روش نمونه‌گیری تصادفی خوشه‌ای چندمرحله‌ای از بین دانشکده‌های مختلف دانشگاه شیراز انتخاب شدند و به مقیاس هوش موفق گریگورنگو و استرنبرگ، مقیاس خودسنجی خردمندی وبستر، سیاهه تعالی خود بزرگسالان لونسون و همکاران و سیاهه نشاط ذهنی رایان و فردریک پاسخ دادند. به منظور پردازش داده‌ها، روش معادلات ساختاری به کار رفت.
یافته‌ها: نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که هوش موفق بر خردمندی، خردمندی بر تعالی خود و نشاط ذهنی اثر معنادار و مثبت داشت. علاوه بر این آزمون بوت استراپ اثر واسطه‌ای خردمندی را بین هوش موفق و تعالی خود و همچنین بین هوش موفق و نشاط ذهنی معنادار و مثبت نشان داد.
نتیجه‌گیری: بر اساس یافته‌های این پژوهش می‌توان نتیجه گرفت که هوش موفق باعث افزایش خردمندی دانشجویان می‌گردد و از این طریق تعالی‌خود و نشاط ذهنی آنها را ارتقا می‌بخشد.
المصادر:
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13. Martin-Cuellar A, Lardier Jr DT, Atencio DJ. Therapist mindfulness and subjective vitality: The role of psychological wellbeing and compassion satisfaction. Journal of Mental Health. 2021;30(1):113-20.
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19. Yang S-y. Wisdom and learning from important and meaningful life experiences. Journal of Adult Development. 2014; 21:129-46.
20. Staudinger UM, Glück J. Intelligence and wisdom. 2011.
21. Krishnan R, Geyskens I, Steenkamp JBE. The effectiveness of contractual and trust‐based governance in strategic alliances under behavioral and environmental uncertainty. Strategic Management Journal. 2016; 37(12): 2521-42.
22. Kalyar MN, Kalyar H. Provocateurs of creative performance: examining the roles of wisdom character strengths and stress. Personnel Review. 2018; 47(2):334-52.
23. Arroyo P. A new taxonomy for examining the multi-role of campus sustainability assessments in organizational change. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2017; 140: 1763-74.
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31. Fox J. The contribution of experiential wisdom to the development of the mental health professional discourse. Schizophrenia bulletin. 2017;43(3):481-5.
32. Labouvie-Vief G. Dynamic integration: Affect, cognition, and the self in adulthood. Current directions in psychological science. 2003;12(6):201-6.
33. Mickler C, Staudinger UM. Personal wisdom: validation and age-related differences of a performance measure. Psychology and aging. 2008;23(4):787.
34. Levenson M, Jennings P, Le T, Aldwin C, editors. Self-transcendence: Theory and measurement. mid-winter annual meeting of the Psychology of Religion, Division; 2002.
35. ghorbani r. Talent Model of Structural Relationship between Wisdom and Self Transeendence among a Group of Shiraz Citizen. Interdisciplinary Studies in Education. 2023;2(2):67-90.
36. Ardelt M. Empirical assessment of a three-dimensional wisdom scale. Research on aging. 2003;25(3):275-324.
37. Dean Webster J. Measuring the character strength of wisdom. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development. 2007;65(2):163-83.
38. Webster JD. An exploratory analysis of a self-assessed wisdom scale. Journal of Adult Development. 2003;10:13-22.
39. Abolmaali Alhoseini K. The Effect of Wisdom and Socio-Economic Status of the Family through the Mediation of Academic Self-Concept on Academic Vitality. Iranian journal of educational sociology. 2020;3(1):157-66.
40. Vásquez E, Lee EE, Zhang W, Tu X, Moore DJ, Marquine MJ, et al. HIV and three dimensions of Wisdom: Association with cognitive function and physical and mental well-being: For: Psychiatry Research. Psychiatry research. 2020;294:113510.
41. Ardelt M, Jeste DV. Wisdom and hard times: The ameliorating effect of wisdom on the negative association between adverse life events and well-being. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B. 2018;73(8):1374-83.
42. Ardelt M, Ferrari M. Effects of wisdom and religiosity on subjective well-being in old age and young adulthood: Exploring the pathways through mastery and purpose in life. International psychogeriatrics. 2019;31(4):477-89.
43. Weststrate NM, Glück J. Wiser but not sadder, blissful but not ignorant: Exploring the co-development of wisdom and well-being over time. The happy mind: Cognitive contributions to well-being. 2017:459-80.
44. Kline R. Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York, NY, US. Guilford Press; 2016.
45. Sternberg RJ, Grigorenko EL. Dynamic testing: The nature and measurement of learning potential: Cambridge university press; 2002.
46. Chan DW. Teacher self‐efficacy and successful intelligence among Chinese secondary school teachers in Hong Kong. Educational Psychology. 2008;28(7):735-46.
47. Negahban Salami M, Farzad V, Sarami G. A study of factor structure, reliability and validity of the successful intelligence scale. Quarterly of Educational Measurement. 2014;4(15):1-16.
48. Cheraghi F, Webster J, Kadivar P, Asgari A, Mazlum F. Validating the Self-assessed Wisdom Scale (SAWS) in an Iranian Sample: Psychometric and Developmental Findings. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology. 2021;36:407-29.
49. Levenson MR, Jennings PA, Aldwin CM, Shiraishi RW. Self-transcendence: Conceptualization and measurement. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development. 2005;60(2):127-43.
50. Farhadi M, Alizadeh G, Kord NR. The investigation Factor analysis of the Adult Self-Transcendence Inventory in Bu Ali Sina University students. Educational Measurement. 2017; 7(28): 241-55.
51. Ryan RM, Frederick C. On energy, personality, and health: Subjective vitality as a dynamic reflection of well‐being. Journal of personality. 1997;65(3):529-65.
52. Uysal R, Satici SA, Satici B, Akin A. Subjective vitality as mediator and moderator of the relationship between life satisfaction and subjective happiness. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice. 2014;14(2):489-97.
53. Ghanbaritalab M, Sheikholeslami R. The relationship between emotional intelligence and mental vitality with self-efficacy. Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal (RRJ). 2015;4(3):75-86.
54. Bluck S, Glück J. From the Inside Out: People's Implicit Theories of Wisdom. 2005:84-109.
55. Sternberg RJ. Why schools should teach for wisdom: The balance theory of wisdom in educational settings. Educational psychologist. 2001;36(4):227-45.
56. Staudinger UM, Pasupathi M. Correlates of wisdom‐related performance in adolescence and adulthood: Age‐graded differences in “paths” toward desirable development. Journal of Research on Adolescence. 2003;13(3):239-68.
57. Sternberg RJ. The WICS approach to leadership: Stories of leadership and the structures and processes that support them. The Leadership Quarterly. 2008;19(3):360-71.
58. Ardelt M. The measurement of wisdom: A commentary on Taylor, Bates, and Webster's comparison of the SAWS and 3D-WS. Experimental aging research. 2011;37(2):241-55.
1. Ryan RM, Deci EL. On happiness and human potentials: A review of research on hedonic and eudaimonic well-being. Annual review of psychology. 2001;52(1):141-66.
2. Keyes CL. The mental health continuum: From languishing to flourishing in life. Journal of health and social behavior. 2002:207-22.
3. Ardelt M, Kim JJ, Ferrari M. Does Self-Transcendent Wisdom Mediate the Relation between Spirituality and Well-Being? A Test Across Six Nations. Journal of Happiness Studies. 2023; 24(5):1683-702.
4. Frankl VE. Man's Search for Ultimate Meaning.In: Baltes PB, Brim Jr OG, editors. life span develop pment and behavior: New York Perseus publishing.; 2000.
5. Le TN, Levenson MR. Wisdom as self-transcendence: What’s love (& individualism) got to do with it? Journal of Research in Personality. 2005; 39(4):443-57.
6. Curnow T. Wisdom, Intuition and Ethics: Ashgate Publishing; 1999.
7. Haugan G, Rannestad T, Garåsen H, Hammervold R, Espnes GA. The self-transcendence scale: an investigation of the factor structure among nursing home patients. Journal of Holistic Nursing. 2012; 30(3):147-59.
8. Khait AA, Sabo K, Shellman J. Analysis and evaluation of Reed's theory of self-transcendence. Research and theory for nursing practice. 2020; 34(2):170-87.
9. Diener E, Oishi S, Lucas RE. Personality, culture, and subjective well-being: Emotional and cognitive evaluations of life. Annual review of psychology. 2003; 54(1):403-25.
10. Bostic TJ, McGartland Rubio D, Hood M. A validation of the subjective vitality scale using structural equation modeling. Social indicators research. 2000;52:313-24.
11. Kaşıkcı F, Peker A. The mediator role of resilience in the relationship between sensation-seeking, happiness and subjective vitality. International Journal of Contemporary Educational Research. 2022;9(1):115-29.
12. Ryan RM, Deci EL. From ego depletion to vitality: Theory and findings concerning the facilitation of energy available to the self. Social and Personality psychology compass. 2008;2(2):702-17.
13. Martin-Cuellar A, Lardier Jr DT, Atencio DJ. Therapist mindfulness and subjective vitality: The role of psychological wellbeing and compassion satisfaction. Journal of Mental Health. 2021;30(1):113-20.
14. Mack DE, Wilson PM, Oster KG, Kowalski KC, Crocker PR, Sylvester BD. Well-being in volleyball players: Examining the contributions of independent and balanced psychological need satisfaction. Psychology of Sport and Exercise. 2011; 12(5):533-9.
15. Afsari A, Anarinejad A, Ghasemi F, Shiri AS. Investigating the Relationship between Emotional Intelligence, Creativity and Mental Health in University Students. Journal of New Approaches in Educational Adminstration. 2022; 13(3). 16. Sternberg RJ. The theory of successful intelligence. Revista Interamericana de Psicología/Interamerican Journal of Psychology. 2005;39(2):189-202.
16. Sternberg RJ. The theory of successful intelligence. Revista Interamericana de Psicología/Interamerican Journal of Psychology. 2005;39(2):189-202.
17. Sternberg RJ, Kaufman SB. The theory of successful intelligence: Cambridge University Press; 2011.
18. Grass T. Waiting in Mindful Hope: Wisdom for Times of Transition. The Catholic Library World. 2017;88(1):54-.
19. Yang S-y. Wisdom and learning from important and meaningful life experiences. Journal of Adult Development. 2014; 21:129-46.
20. Staudinger UM, Glück J. Intelligence and wisdom. 2011.
21. Krishnan R, Geyskens I, Steenkamp JBE. The effectiveness of contractual and trust‐based governance in strategic alliances under behavioral and environmental uncertainty. Strategic Management Journal. 2016; 37(12): 2521-42.
22. Kalyar MN, Kalyar H. Provocateurs of creative performance: examining the roles of wisdom character strengths and stress. Personnel Review. 2018; 47(2):334-52.
23. Arroyo P. A new taxonomy for examining the multi-role of campus sustainability assessments in organizational change. Journal of Cleaner Production. 2017; 140: 1763-74.
24. Shepherd DA, Mcmullen JS, Ocasio W. Is that an opportunity? An attention model of top managers' opportunity beliefs for strategic action. Strategic Management Journal. 2017;38(3):626-44.
25. Baltes PB, Staudinger UM. Wisdom: A metaheuristic (pragmatic) to orchestrate mind and virtue toward excellence. American psychologist. 2000;55(1):122.
26. Greene JA, Brown SC. The wisdom development scale: Further validity investigations. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development. 2009;68(4):289-320.
27. Fengyan W, Hong Z. A new theory of wisdom: Integrating intelligence and morality. Online Submission. 2012;2(1):64-75.
28. Sternberg RJ. A balance theory of wisdom. Review of general psychology. 1998; 2(4):347-65.
29. Sternberg R. Applying psychological theories to educational practice. 2008.
30. Kordnoghabi R, Beiranvand AD. Wisdom, intelligence, creativity. International Journal of Education and Learning. 2017;6(2):1-20.
31. Fox J. The contribution of experiential wisdom to the development of the mental health professional discourse. Schizophrenia bulletin. 2017;43(3):481-5.
32. Labouvie-Vief G. Dynamic integration: Affect, cognition, and the self in adulthood. Current directions in psychological science. 2003;12(6):201-6.
33. Mickler C, Staudinger UM. Personal wisdom: validation and age-related differences of a performance measure. Psychology and aging. 2008;23(4):787.
34. Levenson M, Jennings P, Le T, Aldwin C, editors. Self-transcendence: Theory and measurement. mid-winter annual meeting of the Psychology of Religion, Division; 2002.
35. ghorbani r. Talent Model of Structural Relationship between Wisdom and Self Transeendence among a Group of Shiraz Citizen. Interdisciplinary Studies in Education. 2023;2(2):67-90.
36. Ardelt M. Empirical assessment of a three-dimensional wisdom scale. Research on aging. 2003;25(3):275-324.
37. Dean Webster J. Measuring the character strength of wisdom. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development. 2007;65(2):163-83.
38. Webster JD. An exploratory analysis of a self-assessed wisdom scale. Journal of Adult Development. 2003;10:13-22.
39. Abolmaali Alhoseini K. The Effect of Wisdom and Socio-Economic Status of the Family through the Mediation of Academic Self-Concept on Academic Vitality. Iranian journal of educational sociology. 2020;3(1):157-66.
40. Vásquez E, Lee EE, Zhang W, Tu X, Moore DJ, Marquine MJ, et al. HIV and three dimensions of Wisdom: Association with cognitive function and physical and mental well-being: For: Psychiatry Research. Psychiatry research. 2020;294:113510.
41. Ardelt M, Jeste DV. Wisdom and hard times: The ameliorating effect of wisdom on the negative association between adverse life events and well-being. The Journals of Gerontology: Series B. 2018;73(8):1374-83.
42. Ardelt M, Ferrari M. Effects of wisdom and religiosity on subjective well-being in old age and young adulthood: Exploring the pathways through mastery and purpose in life. International psychogeriatrics. 2019;31(4):477-89.
43. Weststrate NM, Glück J. Wiser but not sadder, blissful but not ignorant: Exploring the co-development of wisdom and well-being over time. The happy mind: Cognitive contributions to well-being. 2017:459-80.
44. Kline R. Principles and practice of structural equation modeling. New York, NY, US. Guilford Press; 2016.
45. Sternberg RJ, Grigorenko EL. Dynamic testing: The nature and measurement of learning potential: Cambridge university press; 2002.
46. Chan DW. Teacher self‐efficacy and successful intelligence among Chinese secondary school teachers in Hong Kong. Educational Psychology. 2008;28(7):735-46.
47. Negahban Salami M, Farzad V, Sarami G. A study of factor structure, reliability and validity of the successful intelligence scale. Quarterly of Educational Measurement. 2014;4(15):1-16.
48. Cheraghi F, Webster J, Kadivar P, Asgari A, Mazlum F. Validating the Self-assessed Wisdom Scale (SAWS) in an Iranian Sample: Psychometric and Developmental Findings. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology. 2021;36:407-29.
49. Levenson MR, Jennings PA, Aldwin CM, Shiraishi RW. Self-transcendence: Conceptualization and measurement. The International Journal of Aging and Human Development. 2005;60(2):127-43.
50. Farhadi M, Alizadeh G, Kord NR. The investigation Factor analysis of the Adult Self-Transcendence Inventory in Bu Ali Sina University students. Educational Measurement. 2017; 7(28): 241-55.
51. Ryan RM, Frederick C. On energy, personality, and health: Subjective vitality as a dynamic reflection of well‐being. Journal of personality. 1997;65(3):529-65.
52. Uysal R, Satici SA, Satici B, Akin A. Subjective vitality as mediator and moderator of the relationship between life satisfaction and subjective happiness. Educational Sciences: Theory and Practice. 2014;14(2):489-97.
53. Ghanbaritalab M, Sheikholeslami R. The relationship between emotional intelligence and mental vitality with self-efficacy. Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi Journal (RRJ). 2015;4(3):75-86.
54. Bluck S, Glück J. From the Inside Out: People's Implicit Theories of Wisdom. 2005:84-109.
55. Sternberg RJ. Why schools should teach for wisdom: The balance theory of wisdom in educational settings. Educational psychologist. 2001;36(4):227-45.
56. Staudinger UM, Pasupathi M. Correlates of wisdom‐related performance in adolescence and adulthood: Age‐graded differences in “paths” toward desirable development. Journal of Research on Adolescence. 2003;13(3):239-68.
57. Sternberg RJ. The WICS approach to leadership: Stories of leadership and the structures and processes that support them. The Leadership Quarterly. 2008;19(3):360-71.
58. Ardelt M. The measurement of wisdom: A commentary on Taylor, Bates, and Webster's comparison of the SAWS and 3D-WS. Experimental aging research. 2011;37(2):241-55.
