تأثیر برنامه‌ آموزش فرزندپروری مثبت بر کاهش مشکلات رفتاری کودکان و افزایش کیفیّت زندگی خانوادگی والدین دارای کودکان مبتلا به اختلال طیف اتُیسم

الموضوعات :

غلامرضا رجبی ¹ (استاد، گروه مشاوره، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.)
یاسمن شیخی قهفرخی ² (کارشناسی ارشد مشاوره مدرسه، دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز، اهواز، ایران.)

تاريخ الإرسال : 26 الثلاثاء , شوال, 1444 تاريخ التأكيد : 14 السبت , شعبان, 1445 تاريخ الإصدار : 09 الأحد , رجب, 1445

الکلمات المفتاحية: مشکلات رفتاری, برنامه‌ آموزش فرزندپروری مثبت, کیفیّت زندگی خانوادگی, اختلال طیف اتُیسم,

ملخص المقالة :

زمینه و هدف: وجود یک کودک ناتوان در خانواده می‌تواند عملکرد خانواده را تحت تأثیر قرار دهد. اختلال طیف اُتیسم و مشکلات همراه آن می‌تواند عملکرد کودک و کیفیت زندگی خانوادگی را تحت تأثیر قرار دهد. این پژوهش با هدف بررسی برنامه‌ آموزش فرزند پروری مثبت بر کاهش مشکلات رفتاری کودکان و افزایش کیفیت زندگی خانوادگی والدین دارای کودکان مبتلا به اختلال طیف اُتیسم در یک طرح نیمه آزمایشی با پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و پیگیری با گروه کنترل در سال 1400 انجام شد. روش‌: جامعه‌ پژوهش شامل کلیه‌ی والدین دارای کودکان مبتلا به اختلال طیف اُتیسم در شهر شهرکرد بود، که از میان آن‌ها 30 نفر از والدین دارای کودکان مبتلا به اختلال طیف اُتیسم بر اساس ملاک‌های ورود به پژوهش با روش نمونه‌گیری داوطلبانه انتخاب و به‌صورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل قرار گرفتند. شرکت‌کنندگان گروه آزمایش در دَه جلسه‌ی نود دقیقه‌ای به‌صورت یک جلسه در هفته تحت برنامه آموزش فرزند پروری مثبت قرار گرفتند و گروه کنترل فقط در یک جلسه در مورد شیوه‌های فرزندپروری مثبت آموزش دیدند و هر دو گروه در سه مرحله‌ پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون و پیگیری با استفاده از چکلیست رفتاری آخنباخ  و مقیاس کیفیت زندگی خانوادگی  مورد سنجش قرار گرفتند. داده‌ها با استفاده از روش آماری تحلیل واریانس با اندازه‌گیری تکراری (آمیخته) تحلیل شدند. یافته‌ها: نتایج نشان داد که در مراحل پس‌آزمون و پیگیری برنامه‌ آموزش فرزند پروری مثبت باعث کاهش مشکلات رفتاری (001/0 > p) کودکان و افزایش کیفیت زندگی خانوادگی والدین (001/0 > p) گروه آزمایش نسبت به گروه کنترل شده است. نتیجه‌گیری: درنتیجه می‌توان از این برنامه آموزشی برای کاهش مشکلات رفتاری کودکان و بالا بردن کیفیت زندگی خانوادگی والدین این کودکان در محیط های آموزشی و درمانی استفاده کرد.

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