مقایسه اثربخشی درمان شناختی رفتاری و هیپنوتراپی شناختی رفتاری در کاهش علایم اضطراب و بهبود کیفیت زندگی دانشآموزان دوره متوسطه اول دارای اضطراب امتحان
الموضوعات :مجید پورحمیدی 1 , سیروس سروقد 2 , اذرمیدخت رضایی 3 , حسین بقولی 4
1 - دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی ورودی 93 دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مرودشت
2 - گروه روان شناسی عمومی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مرودشت
3 - عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد مرودشت
4 - استادیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد مرودشت، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی
الکلمات المفتاحية: کیفیت زندگی, شناخت درمانی, اضطراب امتحان,
ملخص المقالة :
اضطراب امتحان نوعی اضطراب موقعیتی(هراس خاص) است که میتواند تاثیر منفی بر روند کیفیت زندگی فرد بگذارد. هدف از این پژوهش بررسی مقایسه اثربخشی درمانشناختی رفتاری و هیپنوتیزم درمانیشناختی رفتاری بر کاهش علایم اضطراب و بهبود کیفیت زندگی دانشآموزان دارای اضطراب امتحان بود. یعنی یک مطالعه تجربی(آزمایشی کامل) از نوع پیشآزمون، پسآزمون و دوره پیگیری سه ماهه بهکار رفته که از بین دانشآموزان دوره متوسطه اول بخش چنارشاهیجان از توابع استان فارس50 نفر دارای اختلال اضطراب امتحان بهصورت تصادفی در دو گروه آزمایشی قرار گرفته و ابزار جمع آوری دادهها، یکی پرسشنامه اضطراب امتحان فریدمن و جاکوب(1997) و دیگری پرسشنامه فرم کوتاه کیفیت زندگی سازمان بهداشت جهانی[1](2000)بود. پروتکول درمانی در یکی از گروهها استفاده از تکنیکهای درمانشناختی رفتاری و در گروه دیگر همان تکنیکها در حالت خلسه هیپنوتیزمی در مدت10 جلسه یک و نیم ساعته هفتگی بود. دادهها با استفاده از روش آماری تحلیل واریانس اندازهگیری مکرر و آزمونهای تعقیبی مربوطه از طریق نرمافزار کامپیوتری(Spss22) تجزیه و تحلیل گشته است. نتایج یافتهها نشان داد که هر دو مداخله روانشناختی در پسآزمون و پیگیری منجر به کاهش علایم اضطراب امتحان دانشآموزان در سه بعد تحقیر اجتماعی، خطای شناختی و تنیدگی گشته و کیفیت زندگی آنها را بهبود بخشیده است. بنابراین هرچند هر دو شیوه شناختی رفتاری و هیپنوتراپی شناختی رفتاری میتوانند مداخلهای موثر در کاهش اضطراب امتحان و افزایش کیفیت زندگی دانشآموزان باشند. اما روش هیپنوتیزم درمانی شناختی رفتاری بسیار کاراتر از روش شناختی رفتاری بوده و در مقایسه باعث تغییرات معنادارتری( 0001/p< ) در پسآزمون و پیگیری هر دو متغیر گردیده است. لذا این روش میتواند در آینده بخشی از درمان اضطراب بوده و در ارتقاء کیفیت زندگی چنین افرادی نیز موثر باشد.
3. World Health Organization (WHO)
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