اثرات کوتاه‌مدت و بلندمدت شکاف تکنولوژی بر تجارت بخش کشاورزی ایران و کشورهای طرف تجاری
الموضوعات : فصلنامه علمی -پژوهشی تحقیقات اقتصاد کشاورزیحسن عسگری ثابت 1 , رضا رستمیان 2 , یاسر فیض آبادی 3
1 - گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی- دانشکده تکمیلی- دانشگاه آزاد واحد قائمشهر
2 - استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد قائمشهر
3 - استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد قائمشهر
الکلمات المفتاحية: مدل جاذبه, تجارت بخش کشاورزی, شکاف تکنولوژی, رویکرد PMG,
ملخص المقالة :
چکیده
بخش کشاورزی در ایران، به دلایلی همچون ارزآوری، تأمین امنیت غذایی و غیره، در قیاس با سایر بخش‌های اقتصادی کشور از نقشی بارز در عرصه اقتصادی برخوردار است. اما تولید در این بخش پیوسته در شرایط ناپایدار و دشواری قرار دارد. شکاف در پیشرفت تکنولوژیکی می‌تواند یکی از مهم‌ترین عوامل تعیین‌کننده تجارت دوجانبه و رشد اقتصادی بین کشورها باشد و می‌توان تکنولوژی را به‌عنوان راهکاری برای کاهش مخاطرات بکار گرفت. بنابراین هدف مطالعه حاضر بررسی اثرات کوتاه‌مدت و بلندمدت شکاف تکنولوژی بر تجارت بخش کشاورزی ایران و کشورهای طرف تجاری بوده است. برای این منظور بر اساس مدل جاذبه و با استفاده از روش ARDL در داده‌های پنل مسئله پژوهش بررسی شد. در این راستا داده‌های 57 کشور طرف تجاری ایران در بخش کشاورزی برای دوره 2001 تا 2018 جمع‌آوری شد. نتایج پژوهش بر اساس چهار شاخص شکاف تکنولوژی کل، هزینه‌های تحقیق و توسعه، برنامه‌های ثبت اختراع و محققان تحقیق و توسعه بیانگر آن است که شکاف تکنولوژی در بلندمدت بر تجارت بخش کشاورزی اثر مثبت و معنادار دارد.
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