تحلیل محتوای استراتژی امنیت ملی ایالات‌متحده آمریکا در قبال چین (2001-2021)

الموضوعات : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

حسین مذنب ¹ , محمدرضا قائدی ² , رضا سیمبر ³

1 - دانشجوی دکتری گروه روابط بین‌الملل، واحد بین‌الملل کیش، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، جزیره کیش، ایران.
2 - دانشیار گروه علوم سیاسی و روابط بین‌الملل، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران.
3 - استاد گروه علوم سیاسی و روابط بین‌الملل، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران.

تاريخ الإرسال : 27 السبت , رجب, 1444 تاريخ التأكيد : 06 الإثنين , محرم, 1445 تاريخ الإصدار : 05 الأحد , محرم, 1445

الکلمات المفتاحية: استراتژی امنیت ملی, ایالات‌متحده آمریکا, چین,

ملخص المقالة :

از آنجا که کشور چین، پس از آمریکا در حال تبدیل شدن به مهم‌ترین قدرت‌ اقتصادی و نظامی در سطح جهانی است؛ هدف از نگارش این مقاله، تجزیه و تحلیل استراتژی‌های امنیت ملی ایالات‌متحده آمریکا در قبال چین (2001-2021) است تا مشخص گردد که آمریکا در این استراتژی‌ها چگونه با چین رفتار کرده و خواهد کرد(تقابل یا همکاری یا هردو)در پاسخ فرضیه مطرح شده آن است که «افزایش وابستگی متقابل میان کشورها احتمال وقوع درگیری میان آن‌ها را کاهش می‌دهد. از همین رو همکاری در عرصه‌های اقتصادی و تجاری، موجب می‌شود کشورها فایده بیشتری ببرند و هم‌زمان دریابند که هزینه منازعه افزایش یافته است». به این منظور از روش تحقیق تحلیل محتوای تلفیقی(کمی و کیفی) و نرم‌افزار MAXQDA بهره گرفته شده است. نتایج نشان داد: در بخش کمی بیشترین درصد کلمات و پاراگراف‌های بکار رفته در مورد چین در سال 2021 بوده و در بخش کیفی استراتژی‌ها آن بود که کشور آمریکا از سال 2001 کشور چین را به عنوان یک بازیگر متعهد جهانی و ادغام در سیستم جهانی تشویق به همکاری کرده اما به مرور به استراتژی تقابل و مهار همه جانبه چین و استقبال از همکاری به صورت همزمان روی آورده است. رقابت و همکاری میان این دو کشور اگرچه گاهی با خصومت و تنش در عرصه‌های مختلف نظامی، سیاسی همراه بوده اما در ارتباط با تبادلات اقتصادی به شکل ناباورانه‌ای درهم ‌تنیده شده، به شکلی که میزان مبادلات چین با آمریکا به 700 میلیارد دلار در سال رسیده است؛ این دو کشور به جای منازعه به سمت همکاری همه‌جانبه نیل پیدا کرده‌اند.

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