بررسی جزایر حرارتی شهری کلان‌شهر تبریز با استفاده از داده‌های چند زمانه ماهواره LANDSAT8 مبتنی بر روش تحلیل لکه های داغ
الموضوعات :
فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای
محمد آزادی مبارکی
1
,
محمود احمدی
2
1 - دانشجوی دکتری آب و هواشناسی شهری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، دانشکده علوم زمین، تهران، ایران
2 - دانشیار آب‌وهوا شناسی دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، دانشکده علوم زمین، تهران، ایران
تاريخ الإرسال : 10 الأحد , جمادى الأولى, 1441
تاريخ التأكيد : 18 السبت , شعبان, 1441
تاريخ الإصدار : 17 الإثنين , ربيع الثاني, 1443
الکلمات المفتاحية:
تبریز,
جزیره حرارتی شهری,
شاخص LULC,
شاخص*Getis-ord Gi,
سنجنده TIRS,
ملخص المقالة :
شهرنشینی سریع در تبریز تأثیر قابل‌توجهی در محیط حرارتی شهری داشته و این تغییرات بر آب‌وهوا، محیط و کیفیت زندگی ساکنان تأثیر گذاشته است. پژوهش حاضر باهدف ارزیابی جزایر حرارتی شهری (UHI) تبریز با استفاده از روشهای خودهمبستگی فضایی و ارتباط آن با پارامترهای فیزیکی سطح انجام شد. برای محاسبه شاخص پوشش گیاهی و دمای سطح زمین از روشهای NDVI و الگوریتم پنجره مجزا (Split Window) بر اساس تصاویر سنجندههای TIRS و OLI ماهواره Landsat 8 استفاده شد؛ سپس رابطه بین تغییرات LULC، NDVI و دمای سطح زمین (LST) موردبررسی قرار گرفت؛ برای شناسایی UHI از روشهای خودهمبستگی فضایی Moran’s I و Hot Spot استفاده شد. نتایج نشان داد در کلان‌شهر تبریز ارتباط معکوس معنیدار در سطح 05/0 بین LST و NDVI وجود دارد. کمینه LST محاسباتی 99/11 و بیشینه آن 49/58 درجه سلسیوس به ترتیب در مناطق مرکزی و شمال غربی شهر به‌دست‌آمده است. همچنین ارزیابی دمای سطح زمین با LULC نیز نشان داده است سطوح نفوذناپذیر به همراه بافت فرسوده شهری مهمترین دلایل تشدید UHI تبریز هستند. روش خودهمبستگی فضایی Moran’s I نشان داد LST شهر تبریز دارای ساختار فضایی بوده یا به عبارتی دارای الگوی خوشهای است و مقدار آن بین 92/0 تا 95/0 متغیر است. UHI تبریز از نوع پیرامونی و مثلثی شکل است که از کانون به جهات بر شدت و وسعت جزایر حرارتی شهری افزوده میشود. بزرگ‌ترین UHI شناسایی‌شده در منطقه 6 شهری به دلیل استقرار فرودگاه تبریز است، همچنین وجود زمینهای بایر و بافت فرسوده بیشینه LST را دارا میباشند.
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