ارزیابی اثر اعتبارات خرد دولتی برابعاد اقتصادی کارآفرینی و اشتغال پایدار روستایی شهرستان جوانرود، استان کرمانشاه
الموضوعات : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ایعرفان عبدی 1 , احمد تقدیسی 2 , جعفر توکلی 3
1 - دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه اصفهان، ایران
2 - استادیار جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی دانشگاه اصفهان، ایران
3 - استادیار جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی روستایی دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه، ایران
الکلمات المفتاحية: کارآفرینی, اعتبارات خرد, ابعاد اقتصادی, اشتغال پایدار,
ملخص المقالة :
اشتغال و بیکاری از جمله موضوعات مهم اقتصادی هر کشوری است، به گونه ای که افزایش اشتغال و کاهش بیکاری به عنوان یکی از شاخص های توسعه‌یافتگی جوامع تلقی می شود. بنابراین یکی از استراتژی های مورد توجه صاحب نظران و سیاستگذاران برای از بین بردن فقر و کاهش بیکاری در کشورهای مختلف، تخصیص "اعتبارات خرد" است. این تحقیق به‌منظور ارزیابی اثر اعتبارات خرد دولتی بر کارآفرینی و اشتغال پایدار روستایی شهرستان جوانرود انجام گرفته است. پژوهش حاضر به لحاظ ماهیت و هدف، به ترتیب از نوع تحقیقات کابردی و توصیفی- تحلیلی می‌باشد جامعه آماری تمامی افراد روستایی شهرستان جوانرود که طی سال‌های 1385-1395 ازتسهیلات خرد اعتباری دولتی صندوق کارآفرینی امید وبانک کشاورزی استفاده کرده اند، (921N= ) را تشکیل می‌دهد. ابزار جمع‌آوری اطلاعات میدانی پرسشنامه‌ای می باشد که روایی صوری آن با استفاده از نظرات اساتید دانشگاهی و کارشناسان مربوطه و پایایی آن با استفاده از ضریب آلفای کرونباخ مورد تأیید قرار گرفت. یافته های تحقیق نشان داد که دریافت اعتبارات خرد توانسته است در زمینه پایداری درآمد و ایجاد اشتغال و کاهش هزینه های تولید و دسترسی به مواد اولیه تاثیرات مثبت داشته باشد. بیشترین همبستگی بین میزان اعتبارات دریافتی و شاخص های مربوط به افزایش درآمد با میزان همبستگی ./967 ، تنوع منابع درآمدی با میزان همبستگی./906 ، بهبود استانداردهای زندگی و افزایش بهره وری و ایجاد شغل جدید با میزان همبستگی ./842 وکمترین میزان همبستگی، مربوط به شرایط آسان پرداخت و بهره کم با میزان همبستگی ./252 ، همکاری با وام گیرنده./265 ، سهولت مراحل پرداخت با میزان همبستگی./336 می باشد. نتایج همبستگی پیرسون نشان می دهد که بین اعتبارات خرد دولتی با ابعاد اقتصادی کارآفرینی و اشتغال پایدار، رابطه معنی دار مستقیم و مثبت وجود دارد. در واقع اعتبارات خرد دولتی توانسته است در ایجاد کارآفرینی و اشتغال پایدار روستاییان بعنوان یکی ازابعاد اصلی توسعه روستایی، درسطح 95 درصد اطمینان نقش مهمی ایفا می کند.
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