تحلیل اثرات منطقه آزاد تجاری – صنعتی چابهار بر گسترش فیزیکی شهر چابهار با استفاده از داده های چند زمانه سنجش از دور و روش های کمی
الموضوعات :
فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای
اسماعیل رحمانی
1
,
زهره هادیانی
2
1 - دانشگاه سیستان وبلوچستان
2 - استاد یار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان
تاريخ الإرسال : 19 الأحد , محرم, 1437
تاريخ التأكيد : 23 الأربعاء , شعبان, 1439
تاريخ الإصدار : 08 الجمعة , شوال, 1439
الکلمات المفتاحية:
سنجش از دور,
منطقه آزاد,
گسترش فیزیکی,
موران,
هلدرن,
شهر چابهار,
ملخص المقالة :
م
مناطق آزاد در دنیا بهعنوان پنجرهای برای همگامی و هم پیوندی اقتصادی کشورها با اقتصاد جهانی، ایجاد رشد و تحول در صادرات و بهرهمندی از سرمایههای داخلی و خارجی، بهمنظور دستیابی به اهداف توسعه اقتصادی، افزایش اشتغال و انتقال فنّاوری ایجادشدهاند. با افزایش جمعیت شهرهایی که تحت تأثیر برخی از عوامل، مانند یک منطقه آزاد تشکیلشده و گسترش مییابند، فعالیت و سرمایهگذاری به شدت توسعهیافته و نظام و سازمان کالبدی شهرها دستخوش تغییرات اساسی میگردد. هدف پژوهش حاضر ارزیابی و تحلیل اثرات فیزیکی منطقه آزاد بر رشد شهر چابهار و پیامدهای این تحولات در مقطع کنونی است. روش تحقیق این پژوهش توصیفی– تحلیلی است. دادههای پژوهش از طریق اسناد دولتی، آمارنامهها و تصاویر ماهوارهای جمعآوریشدهاند. بنابراین، بهمنظور درک میزان گسترش شهر از تصاویر ماهوارهای لندست، مربوط به سالهای (2014، 2001 و 1991)، در نرمافزار Envi 4.8 استفاده شده و تحولات جمعیتی شهر از سالهای1390-1335 با استفاده از روشهای کمی موران و هلدرن تجزیهوتحلیل شده است. نتایج بهدستآمده از تحقیق نشان داد که توسعه فیزیکی شهر چابهار و گسترش حاشیهنشینی، بر اساس تصاویر ماهواره لندست از 859 هکتار در سال 1991 به 991 هکتار در سال 2001 افزایش پیداکرده است. در سال 2014 میزان گسترش شدت بیشتری داشته و به 1646 هکتار افزایشیافته است. همچنین نتایج روش کمی هلدرن نشان میدهد که 73 درصد از رشد شهری مربوط به رشد جمعیت بوده و 27 درصد باقیمانده آن، مربوط به رشد افقی و اسپرال است. ضریب موران در سال 1390 برابر با 32/0- بهدستآمده که نشان میدهد الگوی رشد چابهار در این سال، یک الگوی تصادفی بوده است.
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