واکاوی راهبردی توسعه پایدار کشاورزی با رویکرد کارآفرینانه(مطالعه موردی: استان خوزستان)

الموضوعات : فصلنامه علمی برنامه ریزی منطقه ای

پگاه مریدسادات ¹ (استادیار دانشگاه شهید بهشتی)
عبدالرضا رکن الدین افتخاری ² (استاد، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس ، تهران)

تاريخ الإرسال : 13 الجمعة , جمادى الأولى, 1438 تاريخ التأكيد : 23 الأربعاء , شعبان, 1439 تاريخ الإصدار : 08 الجمعة , شوال, 1439

الکلمات المفتاحية: توسعه کشاورزی, استان خوزستان, راهبرد, کارآفرینی پایدار,

ملخص المقالة :

     اتخاذ سیاست­های رشد محور در بخش کشاورزی، شکست این سیاست­ها و شکست بازار، موجب بروز ناپایداری­های اجتماعی، اقتصادی و محیط‌ ‌زیستی در این بخش و در نتیجه تأکید بر توسعه پایدار کشاورزی گردید. مبتنی بر ادبیات کارآفرینی، این شکست، منبع ایجاد فرصت های سودآوری و خلق ارزش های محیط زیستی و اجتماعی برای کارآفرینان پایدار  است. در این چارچوب توسعه پایدار کارآفرینی در بخش کشاورزی دستیابی به اهداف توسعه پایدار کشاورزی به ویژه ثروت و رفاه انسان و اکوسیستم را تسهیل می نماید. دستیابی به این هدف، مستلزم شناخت راهبردهای اثر بخش بر اساس قوت­ها، ضعف ها، فرصت ها و تهدیدهای هر منطقه است. هدف مقاله حاضر بر پایه تحلیل راهبردی توسعه پایدار کشاورزی با رویکرد کارآفرینانه در استان خوزستان استوار است. پژوهش حاضر پیمایشی و کاربردی است. ابزار گردآوری داده­ها شامل واکاوی اسنادی، مشاهده و پرسشنامه بودند. اعتبار پرسشنامه ها توسط خبرگان دانشگاهی و کارشناسان سازمان جهاد کشاورزی استان خوزستان و ادارات آن در سطح شهرستان تأیید شد. پایایی آنها با آزمون آلفای کرونباخ تأیید (بالاتر از 0.7) شد. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر خبرگان و بهره برداران زراعی استان (116656نفر) بودند. نمونه­گیری خبرگان هدفمند و با روش گلوله برفی (39 نفر) انجام شد. تعداد نمونه کشاورزان با فرمول کوکران تعیین (495 نفر) و انتخاب نمونه ها در سطح روستاها به روش طبقه­ای تصادفی با انتساب متناسب انجام شد. طبق نتایج تحلیل سوات، راهبرد تدافعی (عوامل درونی 2.25 ؛ عوامل بیرونی 2.22) برای گذار از شرایط کنونی و رفتن به سمت شرایط مطلوب تعیین شد. در این راستا 9 راهبرد معرفی و اولویت­بندی شدند. در این میان سه راهبرد اول شامل ارتقا حمایت ها و تسهیلات مالی، ارتقا ثبات اقتصادی و کاهش نااطمینانی و توسعه زیرساخت ها، بر بهبود وضعیت اقتصادی تأکید داشتند. لذا پیشنهاد می شود برای تسریع توسعه پایدار کشاورزی با رویکرد کارآفرینانه در استان خوزستان، تمرکز بر بهبود وضعیت اقتصاد کشور در اولویت قرار گیرند.

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