اثر١٦ هفته تمرين همزمان و رژيم کم‌کالري بر پارامترهاي متابوليکي و التهابي در زنان مبتلا به سندرم متابوليک
الموضوعات :
مهدی کارگرفرد
1
,
نسیمه فارغ
2
1 - استاد فیزیولوژی ورزش، دانشکده علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان ایران
2 - کارشناس ارشد، فیزیولوژی ورزش (تغذیه ورزشی)، گروه علوم ورزشی، دانشکده تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه اصفهان، ایران.
الکلمات المفتاحية: مقاومت به انسولين, هموگلوبين گليکوزيله, پروتئين واکنش دهنده سی, تمرين مقاومتي, تمرين تناوبي با شدت بالا,
ملخص المقالة :
سندرم متابوليک، ترکيبي از بيشتر عوامل خطرزاي قلبي عروقي خطرناک از جمله هايپرگليسمي، افزایش کلسترول ليپوپروتئين با چگالي کم، تري گليسريد بالا، فشار خون سيستوليک بالا و افزايش دور کمر است. افزايش تمرينات بدني در پيشگيري، درمان اوليه بيماري های‌قلبي عروقي و سندرم متابوليک به دليل مزاياي محافظت قلبي مرتبط با بهبود آمادگي قلبي تنفسي توصيه شده است. هدف اين پژوهش نيمه تجربي و کاربردي، تحليل اثرات اجرای همزمان تمرينات مقاومتي و تناوبي با شدت بالا بر شاخص‌هاي متابوليک در زنان مسن مبتلا به سندرم متابوليک است. يافته‌هاي پژوهش حاضر نشان مي‌دهد که اجرای همزمان تمرينات مقاومتي و تناوبي با شدت بالا در ترکيب با رژيم کم‌کالري فوايد متابوليکي متعددي در زنان چاق مبتلا به سندرم متابوليک پس از يک مداخله ١٦ هفته‌اي فراهم مي‌کند. اجرای همزمان تمرينات مقاومتي و تناوبي با شدت بالا در ترکيب با رژيم کم‌کالري به طور بالقوه مي‌تواند دستاوردهاي ارزشمندی از جمله بهبود قابل توجه وزن، شاخص توده بدنی، قند خون ناشتا، انسولين، مقاومت به انسولين و پروتئین واکنشگر سی در افراد مبتلا به سندرم متابوليک ايجاد کند.
[1] Agner, V. F. C., Garcia, M. C., Taffarel, A. A., Mourão, C. B., Da Silva, I. P., Da Silva, S. P., et al. (2018). Effects of concurrent training on muscle strength in older adults with metabolic syndrome: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Arch. Gerontol. Geriatr., 75, 158–164.
[2] Alberti, G., Shaw, J., Grundy, S. (2006). The IDF Consensus Worldwide Definition of the Metabolic Syndrome. Brussels: International Diabetes Federation.
[3] Banitalebi, E., Faramarzi, M., Bagheri, L., Kazemi Abdol, R. (2018). Comparison of performing 12 weeks’ resistance training before, after and/or in between aerobic exercise on the hormonal status of aged women: a randomized controlled trial. Horm. Mol. Biol. Clin. Invest., 35:20180020.
[4] Bird, S. R., Hawley, J. A. (2017). Update on the effects of physical activity on insulin sensitivity in humans. BMJ Open Sport Exerc. Med., 2: e000143.
[5] Biswas, A., Oh, P. I., Faulkner, G. E., Bajaj, R. R., Silver, M. A., Mitchell, M. S., and et al. (2015). Sedentary time and its association with risk for disease incidence, mortality, and hospitalization in adults. Ann. Intern. Med., 162, 123–132.
[6] Burini, R. C., Anderson, E., Durstine, J. L., Carson, J. A. (2020). Inflammation, physical activity, and chronic disease: an evolutionary perspective. Sports Med. Health Sci., 2: 1–6.
[7] Cadore, E. L., Menger, E., Teodoro, J. L., Da Silva, L. X. N., Boeno, F. P., Umpierre, D., and et al. (2018). Functional and physiological adaptations following concurrent training using sets with and without concentric failure in elderly men: a randomized clinical trial. Exp. Gerontol., 110: 182–190.
[8] Colato, A., Abreu, F., Medeiros, N., Lemos, L., Dorneles, G., Ramis, T., and et al. (2014). Effects of concurrent training on inflammatory markers and expression of CD4, CD8, and HLA-DR in overweight and obese adults. Journal of exercise science & fitness, 12(2): 55-61.
[9] Eftekhari, E., Zafari, A., Gholami, M. (2015). Physical activity, lipid profiles and leptin. The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness, 56(4): 465-469.
[10] Furman, D., Campisi, J., Verdin, E., Carrera-Bastos, P., Targ, S., Franceschi, C., and et al. (2019). Chronic inflammation in the etiology of disease across the life span. Nat. Med., 25: 1822–1832.
[11] García-Pinillos, F., Laredo-Aguilera, J. A., Muñoz-Jiménez, M., and Latorre- Román, P. A. (2019). Effects of 12-weeks concurrent high-intensity interval strength and endurance training program on physical performance in healthy older people. J. Strength Cond. Res., 33: 1445–1452.
[12] Gholami, M., Sabaghian-Rad, L., Eftekhari, E., Zafari, A. (2012). The effect of aerobic training with or without calorie restriction on lipid profile in adult obese females. Daneshvar Medicine, 20(4): 27-34.
[13] Gleeson, M., Bishop, N. C., Stensel, D. J., Lindley, M. R., Mastana, S. S., and Nimmo, M. A. (2011). The anti-inflammatory effects of exercise: mechanisms and implications for the prevention and treatment of disease. Nat. Rev. Immunol., 11: 607–615.
[14] Grøntved, A., Hu, F. B. (2011). Television viewing and risk of type II diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis. JAMA, 305: 2448–2455.
[15] Guadalupe-Grau, A., Aznar-Laín, S., Mañas, A., Castellanos, J., Alcázar, J., Ara, I., and et al. (2017). Short- and long-term effects of concurrent strength and HIIT training in octogenarians with COPD. J. Aging Phys. Act., 25: 105–115.
[16] Ingle, L., Mellis, M., Brodie, D., Sandercock, G. R. (2017). Associations between cardiorespiratory fitness and the metabolic syndrome in British men. Heart, 103: 524–528.
[17] Jabbour, G., Iancu, H. D., Mauriege, P., Joanisse, D. R., Martin, L. J. (2017). High-intensity interval training improves performance in young and older individuals by increasing mechanical efficiency. Physiol. Rep., 5: e13232.
[18] Jansson, A. K., Chan, L. X., Lubans, D. R., Duncan, M. J., Plotnikoff, R. C. (2022). Effect of resistance training on HbA1c in adults with type II diabetes mellitus and the moderating effect of changes in muscular strength: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care, 10(2): e002595.
[19] Khalafi, M., Symonds, M. E., Akbari, A. (2021). The impact of exercise training versus caloric restriction on inflammation markers: a systemic review and meta-analysis. Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr., 1–16.
[20] Kökten, T., Hansmannel, F., Ndiaye, N. C., Heba, A., Quilliot, D., Dreumont, N., and et al. (2021). Calorie restriction as a new treatment of inflammatory diseases. Adv. Nutr., 12: 1558–1570.
[21] Lakka, T. A., Laaksonen, D. E. (2007). Physical activity in prevention and treatment of the metabolic syndrome. Appl. Physiol. Nutr. Metab., 32: 76–88.
[22] Lanza, I. R., Short, D. K., Short, K. R., Raghavakaimal, S., Basu, R., Joyner, M. J., and et al. (2008). Endurance exercise as a countermeasure for aging. Diabetes, 57, 2933–2942.
[23] Ossanloo, P., Najar, L., Zafari, A. (2012). The effects of combined training (aerobic dance, step exercise and resistance training) on body fat percent and lipid profiles in sedentary females of Al_zahra University. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 2(5): 1598-1602.
[24] Ossanloo, P., Zafari, A., Najar, L. (2012). The effects of combined training (aerobic dance, step exercise and resistance training) on cardio vascular disease risk factors in sedentary females. Annals of Biological Research, 3(7): 3652-3656.
[25] Ossanloo, P., Zafari, A., Najar, L. (2012). The effects of combined training (aerobic dance, step exercise and resistance training) on body composition in sedentary females. Annals of Biological Research, 3(7): 3667-3670.
[26] Ostman, C., Smart, N. A., Morcos, D., Duller, A., Ridley, W., Jewiss, D. (2017). The effect of exercise training on clinical outcomes in patients with the metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cardiovasc. Diabetol., 16: 110–111.
[27] Ott, B., Skurk, T., Hastreiter, L., Lagkouvardos, I., Fischer, S., Büttner, J., and et al. (2017). Effect of caloric restriction on gut permeability, inflammation markers, and fecal microbiota in obese women. Sci. Rep., 7:11955.
[28] Park, J. H., Moon, J. H., Kim, H. J., Kong, M. H., Oh, Y. H. (2020). Sedentary Lifestyle: overview of Updated Evidence of Potential Health Risks. Korean J. Fam. Med., 41, 365–373.
[29] Pedersen, B. K., Saltin, B. (2015). Exercise as medicine–evidence for prescribing exercise as therapy in 26 different chronic diseases. Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports, 25: 1–72.
[30] Razavi, R., Parvaresh, A., Abbasi, B., Yaghoobloo, K., Hassanzadeh, A., Mohammadifard, N., and et al. (2021). The alternate-day fasting diet is a more effective approach than a calorie restriction diet on weight loss and hs-CRP levels. Int. J. Vitam. Nutr. Res., 91: 242–250.
[31] Robinson, M. M., Dasari, S., Konopka, A. R., Johnson, M. L., Manjunatha, S., Esponda, R. R., and et al. (2017). Enhanced protein translation underlies improved metabolic and physical adaptations to different exercise training modes in young and old humans. Cell Metab., 25: 581–592.
[32] Thivel, D., Tremblay, A., Genin, P. M., Panahi, S., Rivière, D., Duclos, M. (2018). Physical activity, inactivity, and sedentary behaviors: definitions and implications in occupational health. Front. Public Health, 6:288.
[33] Tremblay, M. S., Aubert, S., Barnes, J. D., Saunders, T. J., Carson, V., Latimer- Cheung, A. E., and et al. (2017). Sedentary behavior research network (SBRN) – terminology consensus project process and outcome. Int. J. Behav. Nutr. Phys. Act., 14:75.
[34] Wewege, M. A., Thom, J. M., Rye, K.-A., Parmenter, B. J. (2018). Aerobic, resistance or combined training: a systematic review and metaanalysis of exercise to reduce cardiovascular risk in adults with metabolic syndrome. Atherosclerosis, 274: 162–171.
[35] Yasar, Z., Dewhurst, S., Hayes, L. D. (2019). Peak power output is similarly recovered after three-and five-days’ rest following sprint interval training in young and older adults. Sports, 7:94.
[36] Zafari, A. (2012). The Chronic Effects of Morning Exercise Training on Coronary Artery Disease Risk Factors. Annals of Biological Research, 3(3): 1388-1392.
[37] Zahedmanesh, F., Zafari, A., Zahedmanesh, F. (2013). The effects of swimming combined training on body composition in academic level athlete's women. European Journal of Experimental Biology, 3(1): 228-231.
