بررسی فون و تغییرات جمعیت مورچه‌های (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) شکارگر آفات مزارع برنج مازندران
الموضوعات :
حسن قهاری
1
(استادیار حشره شناسی و عضو هیأت علمی گروه کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاداسلامی واحد شهر ری.)
مهرداد طبری
2
(مربی پژوهش حشره شناسی و عضو هیأت علمی مؤسسه تحقیقات برنج مازندران. آمل.)
ابوالفضل رشیدی
3
(استادیار اصلاح نباتات و عضو هیأت علمی گروه کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شهر ری.)
حمیدرضا محبی
4
(کارشناس ارشد زراعت گروه کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد شهر ری.)
الکلمات المفتاحية: تغییرات جمعیت, فون, مازندران, مورچه, مزارع برنج,
ملخص المقالة :
مورچه‌ها به عنوان یکی از شکارگرهای مهم آفات در اکوسیستم‌های مختلف حایز اهمیت هستند. با توجه به اهمیت مورچه‌ها در تغذیه از مراحل مختلف زیستی آفات، فون و تغییرات جمعیت این حشرات مفید در مزارع برنج مازندران مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. بر اساس نتایج این پژوهش، پانزده گونه مورچه از مزارع برنج مازندران جمع‌آوری گردید. نتایج مطالعات مربوط به تغییرات جمعیت مورچه‌ها در فصل غیر زراعی و روی کلش‌های سه رقم مختلف برنج شامل فجر، خزر و نعمت نشان داد که تراکم این حشرات روی رقم فجر بیشتر از دو رقم دیگر بود و بین ارقام خزر و نعمت اختلاف معنی‌داری مشاهده نگردید. مقایسه نتایج مربوط به نمونه‌برداری‌های هفتگی از پایان شهریور تا پایان آبان ماه 1384، روند افزایشی محسوسی را در تراکم جمعیت مورچه‌ها تا اواسط آبان نشان داد به طوری که بالاترین تراکم در تاریخ 9/8/1384 به دست آمد و بعد از آن به صورت تدریجی کاهش یافت. مقایسه میانگین اثر متقابل تاریخ نمونه‌برداری × واریته برنج روی تغییرات جمعیت مورچه‌ها نشان داد که بین اثرهای متقابل در سطح احتمال 1% اختلاف معنی‌دار وجود داشته است.
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