اثر هیدروژل سوپرجاذب بر عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و کارایی مصرف آب ذرت دانه‎ای تحت شرایط تنش خشکی

الموضوعات : بوم شناسی گیاهان زراعی

داود خدادادی دهکردی ¹ ( گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران )
سید امیر شمس‎نیا ² ( باشگاه پژوهشگران جوان و نخبگان، واحد شیراز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شیراز، ایران )
اصلان اگدرنژاد ³ ( گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، واحد اهواز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اهواز، ایران )

تاريخ الإرسال : 06 الجمعة , ذو الحجة, 1439 تاريخ التأكيد : 26 الأربعاء , شعبان, 1440 تاريخ الإصدار : 17 الأربعاء , رمضان, 1440

الکلمات المفتاحية: تنش آبی, پلیمر فراجاذب, ذخیره&lrm, سازی آب, کم&lrm, آبیاری,

ملخص المقالة :

کم‎آبیاری یک راه کار بهینه‎سازی تولید محصول در شرایط تنش آبی است. همچنین، هیدروژل سوپرجاذب، پلیمری آب دوست با قابلیت نگهداری مقادیر زیاد آب در خود می باشد. این پژوهش به منظور بررسی اثر سطوح مختلف هیدروژل سوپرجاذب از نوع سوپر آب آ 200 بر عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت رقم سینگل کراس 704 تحت تنش خشکی صورت پذیرفت. این آزمایش به صورت کرت‎های خرد شده بر پایه بلوک‎های کامل تصادفی در خاک شنی در منطقه حمیدیه خوزستان انجام شد. در این پژوهش میزان آب آبیاری به عنوان تیمار اصلی شامل 100، 75 و 50% نیاز آبی گیاه و هیدروژل سوپرجاذب به عنوان تیمار فرعی شامل 0 (شاهد)، 15، 30 و 45 گرم بر متر مربع در نظر گرفته شدند. با افزایش تنش خشکی، عملکرد، اجزای عملکرد و کارایی مصرف آب ذرت دانه‎ای کاهش معنی‎داری داشت. تأثیر تنش خشکی از طریق کاهش شاخص سطح برگ و اختلال در روند جذب و انتقال عناصر غذایی بود که در نهایت منجر به کاهش عرضه مواد پرورده و کاهش عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد شد. در نهایت نتیجه‎گیری شد که هیدروژل سوپرجاذب بر ذخیره‎سازی آب و مواد غذایی و رهاسازی آنها در شرایط تنش خشکی مؤثر است و به طور معنی‎داری از کاهش عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد محصول جلوگیری می‎کند. توصیه می شود از تیمار تأمین 75% نیاز آبی گیاه به علاوه کاربرد 45 گرم در متر مربع سوپرجاذب جهت کشت ذرت در شرایط آب و هوایی خوزستان استفاده گردد.

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