تاثیر مولفه های اقتصاد دانش بنیان بر سپردههای قرض الحسنه در بانک‌های دولتی
مهدی جعفری
1
(
دانشگاه حضرت معصومه
)
سید رضا میر عسکری
2
(
استادیار گروه مدیرت دانشکده ادبیات و علوم انسانی دانشگاه گیلان، رشت ایران
)
سیدجواد عمادی
3
(
حسابداری، مدیریت و حسابداری، موسسه راهبرد شمال، رشت، ایران
)
الکلمات المفتاحية: "اقتصاد دانش¬بنیان", " دانش" , "سپرده¬گذاری", "قرض¬الحسنه" , " ARDL",
ملخص المقالة :
يكي از اشكالي كه به منظور جذب وجوه پس¬اندازکنندگان و عرضه آن¬ها به نیازمندان در قانون عمليات بانكي بدون ربا تجويز شده، قرض¬الحسنه است. حقوق و امتيازاتي كه اين عقد براي دو طرف قرارداد فراهم بوجود آورده باعث جذابيت آن هم براي جمع آوري پس¬اندازها و هم جهت عرضه وجوه سرمايه¬گذاري شده است. مولفه¬های اقتصاد دانش-بنیان یکی از عوامل تعیین‌کننده، افزایش سپردههای قرض الحسنه محسوب شده است. زیرا، بهبود حاکمیت قانون، بهبود رژیم‌های نهادی و اقتصادی، ارتقاء سیستم¬های ارتباطی از قبیل اینترنت و خلق فناوری‌های نوین منجر به افزایش اطمینان به نظام بانکی و افزایش تمایل مردم برای سپرده¬گذاری و همچنین افزایش سپردههای قرض‌الحسنه شده است. همچنین الکترونیکی شدن خدمات بانکی در حوزه قرض الحسنه منجر به افزایش تمایل به سپرده‌گذاری در سپردههای قرض الحسنه و از سوی دیگر، ارتقاء سیستم‌های ارتباطی منجر به تخصیص بهینه منابع قرض‌الحسنه شده است. لذا هدف این پژوهش، بررسی تاثیر مولفه¬های اقتصاد دانش¬بنیان بر سپردههای قرض‌الحسنه در ایران طی دوره 1401-1377 با استفاده از روش خودرگرسیون‌برداری با وقفه توزیعی(ARDL) در داده‌های فصلی است. نتایج در کوتاه‌مدت نشان دهنده، مولفه¬های اقتصاد دانش‌بنیان اثر مثبت و معناداری بر سپردههای قرض الحسنه دارند اما در بلندمدت، متغیر آموزش و منابع انسانی تاثیر مثبت و معناداری بر سپردههای قرض‌الحسنه دارد. همچنین تاثیر متغیرهای ابداعات و زیرساخت¬های اطلاعاتی بر سپردههای قرض‌الحسنه در بلندمدت تایید نشده است. اما متغیر رژیم¬های نهادی و اقتصادی در بلندمدت، تاثیر منفی و معناداری با قرض الحسنه برقرار نماید.
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