Effect of mechanical sever plastic deformation on corrosion current density and electrochemical impedance of AZ91 magnesium Alloy
الموضوعات :سید رحیم کیاحسینی 1 , Armin Aminian 2
1 - دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، واحد دامغان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، دامغان، ایران
2 - Department of Engineering, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran.
الکلمات المفتاحية: Sever plastic deformation, Corrosion, Hardness, Polarization,
ملخص المقالة :
Magnesium alloys have been considered due to its high strength to weight ratio. In this study, cubic samples of as-cast AZ91 were cut in the dimension of 1 1 1 cm3, and then a hot severe plastic deformation process was applied on them at 350 C. The samples were continuously compressed in the direction of x, y and z. The raw samples and one, two and three-directional forged samples were evaluated by Vickers hardness, potentiodynamic polarization, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and electrochemical impedance methods. Vickers hardness evaluation showed that by applying forging in three continual directions, the hardness of the raw sample increased from 74 HV to 86 HV. However, by increasing the number of forging pass, the corrosion current density decreased from 2 mA/cm2 to about 6.9 10-4 mA/cm2. SEM evaluation indicated that corrosion zones were reduced by increasing deformation. Polarization resistance obtained from electrochemical impedance method increased from 381.99 to 1914.4 .cm2 related to the as-cast and three-directional deformed samples, respectively. The event confirmed that anodic regions reduced on the surface of forged samples. The mentioned results confirmed the positive effect of grain size reduction, applied compressive strength and blocking of the presented micro-voids on the corrosion behavior of the alloy.
1. Kiahosseini, S.R., et al., Structural and corrosion characterization of hydroxyapatite/zirconium nitride-coated AZ91 magnesium alloy by ion beam sputtering. Applied Surface Science, 2017. 401: p. 172-180.
2. Kiahosseini, S.R., et al., Electrochemical evaluation of hydroxyapatite/ZrN coated magnesium biodegradable alloy in Ringer solution as a simulated body fluid. Journal of Chemical Health Risks, 2018. 5(1).
3. Kiahosseini, S.R. and M.M. Larijani, Effects of nitrogen gas ratio on the structural and corrosion properties of ZrN thin films grown on biodegradable magnesium alloy by ion-beam sputtering. Applied Physics A, 2017. 123(12): p. 759.
4. Meenashisundaram, G.K., S. Seetharaman, and M. Gupta, Enhancing overall tensile and compressive response of pure Mg using nano-TiB2 particulates. Materials Characterization, 2014. 94: p. 178-188.
5. Rashad, M., F. Pan, and M. Asif, Room temperature mechanical properties of Mg–Cu–Al alloys synthesized using powder metallurgy method. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2015. 644: p. 129-136.
6. Song, G. and A. Atrens, Understanding magnesium corrosion—a framework for improved alloy performance. Advanced engineering materials, 2003. 5(12): p. 837-858.
7. Hilpert, M. and L. Wagner, Corrosion fatigue behavior of the high-strength magnesium alloy AZ 80. Journal of materials engineering and performance, 2000. 9(4): p. 402-407.
8. Abbott, T.B., Magnesium: industrial and research developments over the last 15 years. Corrosion, 2014. 71(2): p. 120-127.
9. Esmaily, M., et al., Fundamentals and advances in magnesium alloy corrosion. Progress in Materials Science, 2017. 89: p. 92-193.
10. Curioni, M., et al., Correlation between electrochemical impedance measurements and corrosion rate of magnesium investigated by real-time hydrogen measurement and optical imaging. Electrochimica Acta, 2015. 166: p. 372-384.
11. Platts, A.T., Understanding and Simulating High Strain Rate Deformation of Magnesium WE43 Plate Products. 2019, The University of Manchester (United Kingdom).
12. Roodposhti, P.S., et al., Effects of microstructure and processing methods on creep behavior of AZ91 magnesium alloy. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 2016. 25(9): p. 3697-3709.
13. Cano, Z., J. Kish, and J. McDermid, On the evolution of cathodic activity during corrosion of magnesium alloy AZ31B in a dilute NaCl solution. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 2016. 163(3): p. C62-C68.
14. Kish, J., et al., Corrosion performance of friction stir linear lap welded AM60B joints. JOM, 2017. 69(11): p. 2335-2344.
15. Kandemir, S., Development of Graphene Nanoplatelet-Reinforced AZ91 Magnesium Alloy by Solidification Processing. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 2018. 27: p. 3014-3023.
16. Zhu, S., et al., The influence of minor Mn additions on creep resistance of die-cast Mg–Al–RE alloys. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2017. 682: p. 535-541.
17. Hanna, A., et al., Effect of hot rolling on the corrosion behavior of AZ31 magnesium alloy. Metallurgical Research & Technology, 2019. 116(1): p. 109.
18. Wenwen, D., et al., Microstructure and mechanical properties of Mg–Al based alloy with calcium and rare earth additions. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2003. 356(1-2): p. 1-7.
19. Kumar, N.R., et al., Grain refinement in AZ91 magnesium alloy during thermomechanical processing. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2003. 359(1-2): p. 150-157.
20. Ebrahimi, G., et al., The effect of homogenization on microstructure and hot ductility behaviour of AZ91 magnesium alloy. Kovove Mater, 2010. 48: p. 277-284.
21. Kocks, U. and D. Westlake, The importance of twinning for the ductility of CPH polycrystals. AIME MET SOC TRANS, 1967. 239(7): p. 1107-1109.
22. Lei, S., et al., Study on corrosion resistance behavior and formation mechanism of Ce conversion coating on manganese. Metallurgical Research & Technology, 2021. 118(3): p. 319.
23. Rzychoń, T., et al., Microstructural stability and creep properties of die casting Mg–4Al–4RE magnesium alloy. Materials Characterization, 2009. 60(10): p. 1107-1113.
24. Nie, K., et al., Effect of hot extrusion on microstructures and mechanical properties of SiC nanoparticles reinforced magnesium matrix composite. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2012. 512(1): p. 355-360.
25. Kiahosseini, S.R., et al., A Study on Structural, Corrosion, and Sensitization Behavior of Ultrafine and Coarse Grain 316 Stainless Steel Processed by Multiaxial Forging and Heat Treatment. Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 2018. 27(1): p. 271-281.
26. Valiev, R.Z., et al., Producing bulk ultrafine-grained materials by severe plastic deformation. Jom, 2006. 58(4): p. 33-39.
27. Figueiredo, R.B. and T.G. Langdon, Principles of grain refinement in magnesium alloys processed by equal-channel angular pressing. Journal of materials science, 2009. 44(17): p. 4758-4762.
28. Tang, L., et al., Microstructures and tensile properties of Mg–Gd–Y–Zr alloy during multidirectional forging at 773 K. Materials & Design, 2013. 50: p. 587-596.
29. Yang, X., et al., Effect of pass strain and temperature on recrystallisation in magnesium alloy AZ31 after interrupted cold deformation. Journal of Materials Science, 2012. 47(6): p. 2823-2830.
30. Sakai, T., et al., Continuous dynamic recrystallization during the transient severe deformation of aluminum alloy 7475. Acta Materialia, 2009. 57(1): p. 153-162.
31. Young, J.P., et al., Thermal microstructural stability of AZ31 magnesium after severe plastic deformation. Materials Characterization, 2015. 101: p. 9-19.
32. Jiang, M., H. Yan, and R. Chen, Twinning, recrystallization and texture development during multi-directional impact forging in an AZ61 Mg alloy. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2015. 650: p. 399-409.
33. Li, J., J. Liu, and Z. Cui, Microstructures and mechanical properties of AZ61 magnesium alloy after isothermal multidirectional forging with increasing strain rate. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2015. 643: p. 32-36.
34. Nie, K., et al., Multidirectional forging of AZ91 magnesium alloy and its effects on microstructures and mechanical properties. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 2015. 624: p. 157-168.
35. Xia, X., et al., Microstructure, texture and mechanical properties of coarse-grained Mg–Gd–Y–Nd–Zr alloy processed by multidirectional forging. Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 2015. 623: p. 62-68.
36. Fischer-Cripps, A.C., Nanoindentation testing, in Nanoindentation. 2011, Springer. p. 21-37.
37. Ebrahimi, G., et al., Hot deformation behavior of AZ91 magnesium alloy in temperature ranging from 350 C to 425 C. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 2012. 22(9): p. 2066-2071.
38. Li, Y., A.J. Bushby, and D.J. Dunstan, The Hall–Petch effect as a manifestation of the general size effect. Proceedings of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences, 2016. 472(2190): p. 20150890.
39. Kovacı, H., et al., The effect of surface plastic deformation produced by shot peening on corrosion behavior of a low-alloy steel. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2019. 360: p. 78-86.
