ارزیابی رشد و پاسخ¬های فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گونه انحصاری توسکا‌ییلاقی (Alnus subcordata C. A. Mey.) به تنش خشکی
الموضوعات :
مکرم روانبخش
1
,
بابک باباخانی
2
,
محمود قاسم نژاد
3
1 - گروه پژوهشی محیط¬زیست طبیعی، پژوهشکده محیط زیست جهاد دانشگاهی، رشت، ایران؛ گروه زیست¬شناسی، دانشکده علوم زیستی، واحد تنکابن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تنکابن، ایران،
2 - گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم زیستی، واحد تنکابن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تنکابن، ایران.
3 - گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران،
الکلمات المفتاحية: سطح ویژه برگ, فعالیت آنتی¬اکسیدانی, کم آبی, گونه چوبی, هیرکانی,
ملخص المقالة :
در این تحقیق اثر تنش خشکی بر پارامترهای ریخت¬شناسی، فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گونه توسکا‌ییلاقی(Alnus subcordata C. A. Mey.) از گونه‌های چوبی انحصاری هیرکانی ارزیابی شده است. آزمایش در قالب طرح کاملاٌ تصادفی بر روی نهال¬های یکساله و چهار سطح تنش خشکی (25% (تنش شدید)، 50% (تنش متوسط)، 75% (تنش خفیف) و 100% (بدون تنش) ظرفیت زراعی) در شرایط گلخانه انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که خشکی میزان رشد و زی‌توده نهال¬ها را کاهش داد. میزان افت در تیمار تنش شدید نسبت به شاهد در مشخصه¬های ارتفاع، قطر یقه، زی‌توده¬کل، سطح¬ برگ و شاخص سطح¬ویژه برگ نهال¬ها به‌ترتیب 8/41، 40، 4/72 ،9/91 و 6/49 درصد بود و نسبت ریشه به اندام هوایی 3/53 درصد افزایش را نشان داد. با افزایش شدت تنش میزان کلروفیل¬کل، کلروفیلa، کلروفیل¬b، کاهش تقریبی 50 درصدی و میزان کارتنوئیدها کاهش 4/38 درصدی را نشان داد. محتوای نسبی آب نهال¬ها، افت50/33 و 9/24 درصد در تنش شدید و متوسط نسبت به شاهد داشتند. میزان درصد افزایش پرولین و مالون¬دی¬آلدئید در تیمار تنش نسبت به شاهد به ترتیب 8/169، 7/142 درصد بود. در تیمار تنش خفیف و متوسط میزان افزایش فعالیت آنزيم سوپر¬اکسید¬دیسموتاز به‌ترتیب 25و36 درصد و پراکسیداز 140 و 148 درصد مشاهده شد. داده‌های این تحقیق نشان می¬دهد که نهال‌های توسکا‌ییلاقی (گونه¬ای تا حدودی حساس به خشکی) توانسته¬اند در سطح تیمار تنش خفیف و متوسط به کمک مکانیسم‌های تحمل به خشکی مانند کاهش رشد و زی‌توده، افزایش نسبت ریشه به اندام هوایی و افزایش نسبی فعالیت¬های آنزیمی با تنش مقابله کنند.
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