خاصیت ضد سرطانی ترکیبات فنولی در گیاهان دارویی
الموضوعات :
سعید ملائی
1
(
گروه شیمی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان، تبریز، ایران
)
پوپک فرنیا
2
(
ایران، مركز تحقیقات مايكوباكتريولوژي، پژوهشكده سل و بیماريهاي ريوي، مركز آموزشي، پژوهشي و درماني سل و بیماريهاي ريوي بیمارستان دكتر مسیح دانشوري، دانشگاه علوم پزشكي شهید بهشتي، تهران، ايران
)
جلال الدین غنوی
3
(
مركز تحقیقات مايكوباكتريولوژي، پژوهشكده سل و بیماريهاي ريوي، مركز آموزشي، پژوهشي و درماني سل و بیماريهاي ريوي بیمارستان دكتر مسیح دانشوري، دانشگاه علوم پزشكي شهید بهشتي، تهران، ايران
)
علی اکبر ولایتی
4
(
مركز تحقیقات مايكوباكتريولوژي، پژوهشكده سل و بیماريهاي ريوي، مركز آموزشي، پژوهشي و درماني سل و بیماريهاي ريوي بیمارستان دكتر مسیح دانشوري، دانشگاه علوم پزشكي شهید بهشتي، تهران، ايران
)
الکلمات المفتاحية: آپوپتوز, سرطان, فلاونوئید, فنول, مکانیسم,
ملخص المقالة :
سرطان تکثیر غیرطبیعی و رشد کنترل نشده سلولی است. عوامل سرطانزا باعث آسیب DNA، کاهش عملکرد ژن سرکوبگر تومور و ایجاد تومور و متاستاز میشود. برخی از عوامل ایجاد سرطان عوامل فیزیکی همچون اشعه ماوراءبنفش، مواد شیمیایی، دود سیگار، رژیم غذایی نامتعادل، عوامل وابسته به شغل، وراثت، هورمونها، عوامل متابولیک و عوامل بیولوژیک به ویژه برخی باکتریها و ویروسها هستند. مهمترین روش درمان سرطان امروزه شیمی درمانی است که عوارض جانبی زیادی دارد و باعث مقاومت دارویی میشود. برخی ازگیاهان سالها به عنوان منبع قابل اعتمادی از عوامل ضدسرطان جهت تولید داروهای ضدسرطان شناخته میشوند. برخی ازگیاهان دارای اثرات پیشگیرانه و درمانی برعلیه سرطان هستند و برخی از آنها میتوانند عوارض جانبی شیمی درمانی و رادیوتراپی را کاهش دهند و نیز اقتصادی هستند. از مهمترین ترکیبات طبیعی موجود در گیاهان که میتوانند دارای خاصیت ضدسرطانی باشند، ترکیبات فنولی هستند. ترکیبات فنولی به گروههای مختلف همچون فنولهای ساده، فلاونوئیدها، کومارینها، فنولیک اسیدها، استیلبن ها و آنتراکینونها طبقه بندی میشوند. مکانیسم اثر ضدسرطانی اغلب این مواد مربوط به خاصیت آنتی اکسیدانی و مهار رشد سلولهای توموری آنهاست. بسیاری از این ترکیبات به طور سنتی در مناطق مختلفی از جهان کاربرد دارند. در این مقاله مروری، ترکیبات فنولی دارای خاصیت ضدسرطان مورد بررسی قرار خواهند گرفت و مهمترین مکانیزمهای اثر آنها معرفی خواهد شد. ما امیدواریم که این مقاله، اطلاعات مفیدی را برای درک پتانسیل گیاهان در تولید ترکیبات ضدسرطانی جدید دراختیار خوانندگان قرار دهد و محققین را به انجام پروژه هایی که میتواند منجربه تولید داروهای جدید ضدسرطانی طبیعی شود، ترغیب نماید.
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